AND GARDENER'S JOURNAL. 



67 



For the iVew Genesee Farmer. 



Use of Long Alauure. 



•: rluch haa been said in ihe Genesee Farmer and 

 <oor agricultural journals, during the last four or five 

 yrs, to show the great advantage of using manure 

 ii to fresh and unfermented state. It has often been 

 niicd that by the process of feroientation in the 

 h 1), or lying in the yard until partially rotted, much 



ts strength escapes and is lost, that might be saved 

 S J 'positing it in the ground in its fresh state, there 

 timJergo the process necessary to prepare it as food 

 :i iMints. This new practice seems to have obtained 

 J \[\ generally, and the results have proved eatifacto- 

 r 10 those who have published them. 



Jcing fond of new things myself sometimes, I sub- 

 k li' J practically, and without further inquiry to this 

 . and have for several years used large quantities 

 J —rse manure from the horse stable and yard, in its 

 r k btate,and tried it on a variety of soils and crops until 

 ( II fully satisfied it is not best for me, whatever may 

 ii:lic opinion or practice of others. I have, in some 

 iiauces, put from GO to 70 waggon loads upon an 

 <: of ground, ploughed it under and covered it well, 



1 i received but very little benefit from it to the crop 

 t fust year, especially if the season proved rather a 

 i une. Nor could I ever trust to its mouldered re 

 ins for a crop the year following, for on ploughing 

 i ) the siirface there tppeared lo be but very li ttle sub- 

 I ice remaining to benefit a second crop; but like a 

 b ni rag the air dissolves it, and the winds blow it 

 I \y, and its principle effect has been successive 

 ; J? of grass and weeds, increasing my labor in hoed 

 c s at least four fold, and entailing a more serious 

 c unity in the multitude of cut- worms and grubs to 

 \ icU it gives birth. 



was taught, when young, by an experienced far- 

 t ■, never to use unfermented manure, especially from 

 I horse stable, for any kind of crop, if other could 

 t ibtnined; yet it was considered better than none at 

 B and often valuable help to corn, potatoes, and some 

 : :r coarse feeding crops. 1 have seen corn mate- 

 T ly injured by using it in the hills in a dry season. 



'or the last four years I have dug into the same 

 [ .-ea of ground, large quantities of coarse rank ma- 

 I e, when preparing my garden for early vegetables, 

 I have always been disappointed in not realizing the 

 t efit I expected either to the crop or soil; and have 

 t n surprised, when working the ground, to find so 

 (. e remains of the liberal dressing of the previous 

 > r, and that little, if it had been buried with the 

 I lo "even or eight inehes, instasj of being decom- 

 I '. i, was often dry and mouldy. 



l\jcrience has convinced me that half the quantity 



1 ;,.:i:uire that has undergone the process of fermen- 



' on in the yard or heap, or has become partially rot- 



.ile exposed to the weather, will produce the lar- 



, ;-ragc crop, and v/hether the season be wet or 



, no disappointment will ensue on account of its 



I am resolved never to use any more in a raw state, 

 !--8= it be in the potaloe drill, considering it, as I do, 

 -ibs of at least half the value, when compared with 



II which has been turned over once or twice, and 

 iroughlv fermented in the heap, and prepared for 

 ; immediate use of plants intended to be nourished 



ii, and the seeds of weeds entirely destroyed. 

 The greatest advantages I have realized from the 

 ■ ri short, unrotted mauure, has been by spreading 

 m the surface of the ground when prepared for seed, 

 d mixed with the soil, but not ploughed under. In 

 is way it protects the crop in time of severe drought, 

 d in a wet season benefits it more than if ploughed 

 liar and covered with more than six or eight inches 



soil, with little or no action of weather upon it. 



' Iter remaming on or near the surface fir one sea 



son, I .think it worth more to turn under with the 

 plough, for the benefit of future crops, than it was in 

 its first state. The experience of every gardener must 

 certainly be against the use of the raw material. 



Too much cannot be said in favor of cooking food 

 for hogs, and other stock; and I would as soon feed 

 my hogs with uncooked potatoes as my plants with 

 raw manure. I have tried both, and I think the loss 

 in both cases about the same. A. BRYANT. 



Eric CO. Nursery Buffalo, 1840. 



Ontario County Waking Up! 



The following letter breathes the true spirit of im- 

 provement; and the proposition of the writer is indeed 

 a liberal one. We hope his praiseworthy example 

 will soon be followed by enough others to ensure the 

 desired result. 



Messrs. Editors — Having seen and read much in 

 your valuable journal in relation to Agricultural So- 

 cieties and Shows or Fairs, and believing them to be 

 of vital importance to the farming community, and in- 

 deed to the people in generol, I am anxious to see them 

 becoming more common, so that their influence might 

 be felt by our worthy farmers of the Genesee country. 



It is an error with many to suppose that it required 

 large appropriations or subscriptions to maintain an ag- 

 grictilturtd society; sufficient only being required to 

 pay the annual premiums, and othei- incidental expen- 

 ses, which may be limited or expanded according to 

 the views of the society. The great object is the as- 

 sembling together of the cultivators, lo converse and 

 consult on the affairs of agriculture in general, and 

 every thing connected with it. 



I have witnessed, as I dare say also many of your 

 readers have, the good effects these societies have pro- 

 duced in the old country, and indeed many places in 

 our own; and I really consider them of the greatest 

 importance to the prosperity of the farmer, and should 

 wish to impress upon my brother farmers in Ontario 

 County in particular, the importance, nay, I might 

 say, the necessity of forming a society of this kind 

 without delay; and as we have many agriculturists in 

 our county of known wealth and influence, it is to be 

 hoped they will come forward and begin the good 

 work. Although I am a new settler, and almost a 

 stranger in the county, I will commence with a sub- 

 scription of $50, and if nine others can be found to 

 subscribe $100 each, I will make a tenth to complete 

 the thousand dollars, which would place our society on 

 a good and firm basis. I am, with many others, de- 

 sirous that this society should go into speedy opera- 

 tion; for really this county, which is one of the most 

 desirable counties in the State, requires it. 



Without intruding more upon your time, I shall 

 conclude by wishing you every possible success for 

 your new and laudable undertaking, and you may re- 

 ly upon my individual exertions in rendering you all 

 the assistance I am capable of. 



GEORGE HENTIG. 



Gttiera, April, IS-IO. 



P. S. Would it not be desirable that where socie- 

 ties are now forming, and Shows or Fairs contempla- 

 ted, that farmers who have good stock, or more 

 than they wieh to keep, should expose them for sale 

 on these occasions, and persons who are replenishing 

 or increasing their stock, will then have an opportuni- 

 ty of obtaining the beet blood in the country 1 



For the New Genesee Farmer. 

 Improvement of Horses— A good Stallion. 



I know of no subject which more demands the atten- 

 tion of the farmers in this section of country, than the 

 proper selection and improvement in the breed of hor- 

 ses. Sufficient care is not always taken to procure 

 good sires; and less attention still, is paid to selecting 

 horses adapted to practical farming purposes. Horse' 



ought to be selected with reference to strength, as well 

 as beauty. It is no doubt apparent to the mind of eve* 

 ry farmer of common observation, that eomo horeea 

 unite in their qualifications, adaptotion for teaming and 

 travelling, together with beauty of appearance. 



There is a Stallion owned and kept near this place, 

 which appears to unite these qualities, and as such, is 

 almost desideratum in this part of the country. It 

 is an imported horse, and produces the best of stock- 

 I take the liberty to send you a description of this 

 horse, which I have procured for the purpose, in order 

 that you may know how to speak of him to such as 

 may make reference to you on the subject. 



If some person, well acquainted with the different 

 breeds uf horses, would give us a little of his expe- 

 rience in this matter, he would greatly oblige many 

 subscribers. R. N. B» 



Medina, March 18th., 1840. 



Remarks. — The horse referred to- above, is the im- 

 ported English horse "EmigraiU," which was bro't 

 to this country in 1839, by the late John Walking- 

 ton. He is called of the Cleveland Bay breed, and 

 is said to be of a beautiful form and color, ond to pos- 

 sess many desirable requisites. We hope all of our 

 readers in that vicinity who have horses, will call and 

 see for themselves, at the stable of C. Ashton, one 

 mile west of Medina, Orleans co. — Eds. New Gen. 

 Farmer. 



Improved Stock in Henrietta. 



It may be an advantage to our readers in th« town 

 of Henrietta and its vicinity, to be informed that Wm. 

 C. Cornell has an imporvej Short Horn Bull (You.vo 

 Capsos, ) which is from the best imported stock of the 

 late Stephen Van Rensselaer, of Albany, and is a very 

 superior animal. His pedigree is good, and his stock 

 is said to be unsurpassed by any in this country.^ 

 Farmers should not neglect such opportunities for im- 

 proving their breeds of cattle. 



Wm. C. Cornell's farm is about half a mile south 

 east of West Henriettas-one mile west and two south 

 of Henrietta Corners — and two miles and a half north- 

 west of Rush; on the middle road leading to Roches- 

 ter. For particulars, see handbills. 



Sy We also invite the attention of our stock-raising 

 readers, to the advertisement of Mr. Weddle, on our 

 last page. 



For the New Genesee Fanur. 



To Prevent Smut lii Wheat. 



MessRs. Editors — As many farmers are slow to_ be- 

 lieve in the efficiency of brine and lime in preventing 

 smut in wheat, I am induced to give additional testi- 

 mony in its confirmation. 



As our winter wheat is rarely smutty to any extent, 

 we have never prepaied that seed by brining and lim- 

 ing. But our Spring wheat having formerly been 

 more or less smutty, we now prepare our seed in the 

 following manner: After putting our seed into water, 

 to separate the light kernels and oats, if there shoui4 

 be any amongst it, we put it intoa tub, and pour strong 

 brine, about blood worm, on to it till it is completely 

 covered. After it has steeped three or four hours, we 

 take it out in baskets, in which we let it stand until it 

 is sufficiently drained; then we spread it on a barn 

 floor, and rake in fresh slacked lime until the wheat 

 becomes dry, when it is fit for sowing. 



The past two seasons, we have prepared our seed 

 wheat in this way, and not a kerne! of smut has been 

 found in the crops raised from it; while our neighbora 

 who neglect this preparation, are generoily troubled 

 with smut. 



We sow our spring wheat about the first of May. 



Cassandeb, 

 Hvmr., Mirrch 14, 1840, 



