142 



T II E N E W G E N E S E E FARMER, 



VoLijS* 



Labor Saving Mai-hines. lively ndmil 710 more than three intelligent persons. 



We have recently seen a field of six acres of com Let the body be instantly stripped, dried, and wrapped 



planted in two thirds of a day, with perfect exactness, I in hot blankets, which are to be frequently renewed. 



by a machine drawn by a pair of mules driven by a Keep the mouth, nostrils and throat free and clean, 



boy, and the machine held by a man; and at the eanie 

 time by the same machine the same field was manured 

 by twenty-live bushels of poudreite, evenly dropped in 

 the drill. Tho calculation was to make the drills four 

 feet apart, and to plant the corn eighteen inches in the 

 drill, three kernels in a hill, with the intention of re- 

 moving one, and leaving two to be matured. The 

 machine was adapted to the plougbing and sowing ev- 

 ery o'.hcr variety of seed, even to the smallest, and 

 with like exactness. The machine worked well, 

 though we think it might have been fcade less cum- 

 brous than it was; but it was not our intention at this 

 time to describe it or compare it with others. The boy, 

 if the mules had been well broken, might have been 

 diSiiensed with, and the whole pirf irmed by one man; 

 and this, upon the old system of planting, furrowing, 

 tilling and ninnurmg, would have been equal to the la- 

 bor of eight men. The machine could be built for 

 ten doUara cost. Now what an immense saving ol'la- 

 boi has been eil'ected by this ariangement ! Yet men 

 will lell us, with as much braggadocia and self com- 

 placency as their waistcoats will contain without burst- 

 ing the buttons oil', that thttj want none oi these new- 

 fangled notions; tUey chose to go on in the oUi-fiifU- 

 ioncit way, as though the old-hishioned way was of 

 course always to be the best way. Now the old-fash- 

 ioned way was to vi-ear uiidrrssed goatskins, s;wed 

 together with strings < f birch bark, or pinned with 

 thorns; to set on the bare ground; to bake your dough 

 in the ashes; to dip up your porridge in a wooden 

 bowl or a broken gourd, and eat it with n clam-shell. 

 Why cannot we go back to these blessed times of our 

 grandfathers, who were no doubt so much happier and 

 so much wiser, and so much better than we are. — 

 Alas ! for the sad degeneracy of modern times; and 

 the unhappy discovery, no (doubt the effect of some 

 demoniaeol agency,) of balancing a meal bag upon a 

 horse's back, without putting the meal in one end and 

 a stone in the other. — iV. E. Fanner. 



Apply warm substances to the back, epine, pit of the 

 stomach, arm-pits, and soles of the feet. Rub the 

 body with heated flannels, or cotton, or warm hands. 

 Attempt to restore breathing by gently blowing with a 

 bellows, into one nostril, closing the mouth and the 

 other nostril. i-'rcES down the breast carefully with 

 bolli hands, and then let it rise again, and thus imitate 

 natural breathing. Keep up the application of heat — 

 continue the 1 ubbing— increase it irhe-n life uppt'irs, 

 and then give a tea-spoonful of warm water, or very- 

 weak brandy and water, or wine and water. Perse- 

 vere for six hours. Send quickly for medical assist- 

 ance. 



Lime Buraing—Perpetual Kilus. 



Professor Ducatell, the elate geologist of Maryland, 

 in his report to the Executive for 1838, devotes a chap- 

 ter to the subject of lime, its properties, mode of burn- 

 ing, and exhibits several diagrams of kilns, all of 

 which are of interest. But the professor did not 

 know, at that time, probably, of the improved process 

 by which stone and shells were converted into lime, 

 through the agency of wood and anthracite coal, by 

 perpetual kilns, or kilns kept incessantly in operation 

 as was the case at Bristol, Pa., and now in the man- 

 ner shown by those at Spring Garden, in the suburbs 

 of this city, under the superintendance of Messrs. F. 

 J. Cooper & Co. 



The kilns at Spring Garden, near the Southern ter- 

 mination of Euiaw street, will well repay the curious 

 in such matters for a visit. They consist of three in 

 number, of brick or stone masonry, and in form rep- 

 resent somewhat an egg, with a portion of the larger 

 end taken off', and poised upon the siiinller, the seg- 

 ment about 22 inches diameter, cut off'. The kilns are 

 chirged — first with a portion of fuel, subsequently 

 with stone or shells, and thus with alternate layers of 

 fuel, or lime material — the shells and stone occupying 

 different kilns — until they are filled; the fire is then 

 cominunicaled be'ow; where, by the draft, the fire 

 sion ignites, ond as the shells or stones are sufficiently 

 burnt, are drown off' through the aperture, and when 

 CJoled, placed under cover, and as the contents of the 

 kiln continues to settle at top, now materials are intro- 

 duced in the succession first noticed. In this manner 

 lUD bushels are drawn from each kiln per day; and 

 when the works ore complete, 2.")!),0!)0 bushels will be 

 annually burnt; and as the facility for putting it on 

 bjard vessels is very convenient, a wharf extending 

 along in front of the kilns, farmers and others can a- 

 vail theinsdves of the circuinstanee, either when they 

 bring WD^id or shells to take owny the lime. In refer- 

 ence to the use of lime fir agricultural purposes, we 

 are silent, as our farmers are better versed in mattern 

 of that kind than we are Lyford's Com. Journal. 



From the Farmer'3 Cabinet, 

 Fruit Trees. 



Mr. Editor — The following extracts from a for- 

 eign work will show the young peojde of our country 

 how they keep up a succession of fruit trees in Ger- 

 many, and iierhnps it may stimulate eoiuc of them to 

 imitate so laudable on example. 



"In the duchy of Gotha, in Germony, there are 

 many villages which obtain a rent of many hundred 

 dollars a year for their Iruit trees, which are planted 

 on the road-side, and on the commons. Every 7ietc- 

 marricet couple is bound to plant two young fruit trees. 

 The rent arising from the trees thus planted is applied 

 to the uses of the parish or town. 



In order to preserve the plantation from injury or 

 depredation, the inhabitants of the parish are all made 

 answerable; each of whom is thus on the watch over 

 the other; and ii any one is caught in the act of com- 

 mitting any injury, all the damages done in the same 

 year, the authors of which cannot be discovered, isot- 

 tributed to him, and he is compelled to atone for it ac- 

 cording to its extent, cither by fine or corporeol punish- 

 ment." 



" A gentleman at Colchester, England, mokes it a 

 rule, whenever he builds a cottage, to plant a vine 

 against its walls, and two or three apple trees near to 

 it, or in the gorden, and thus he confers a greater ben- 

 efit on his tenant, by giving him on innocent source 

 of gia.ification to his children, and on excitement to 

 a little extra industry on his own part, than if he had 

 let him 8 comfortless, inean-looking hovel, at half the 

 rent." 



A few ornamentai trees and shrubs, disposed with 

 good taste about a farm-house, add much to the beau- 

 ty and pleasantness of the scene; and they never foil 

 to moke a favorable impression, on the mind of a visi- 

 tor, of the character of the inmates of the mansion. 

 A seoson should never be suff'ered to pass by without 

 some addition being made, by the young people, to 

 the ornaments of the yord, garden, or lane leading to 

 the house. Some families have displayed their indus- 

 try, taste and good judgment, in this respect, so con- 

 spicuously as to command the admirotion of their 

 neighboihood, and to e.xcite the curiosity of travelers 

 to inquire " who lives there V Z. 





Methop (IF RKSTonisr. Eiff to thf. appauentiy 

 DnowNF.D. — Recommended by the " Royal Humane 

 Society of England," instituted in the year 1774. — 

 Avoid all rough usuage. Do not hold up the body by 

 the leet, nor roll it on casks or barrels, or rub it with 

 salt or spirits, or apply tobacco. Lose not a moment 

 in carrying the body to the nearest house, with the 

 head and shoulders roised. Place it in a warm room 

 il the weather is cold. PiTservc silence, and posi- 



From lite Farmer Cabinet, 



The Treatment of Sick Animals. 



There are so many erroneous notions prevalent in 

 the community, respeciiiig injured or diseased domes- 

 t e animals, and such unnatural ond injurious practices 

 a 8 a consequence of these incorrect views, that no 

 aiiology is neceasory for an attempt to subserve the 

 cause and interests of these useful crcotures, who if 

 they had tongues to speak, would tell sad tales of the 

 wrongs to which they have been, and still are, too of- 

 ten subjected. 



We do not propose to give on essay on the porticu- 

 lar cases that require attention — our object is rather, 

 very briefly to ask the owners of domestic animols to 

 be guided by a few correct principles, which are appli- 

 cable to nearly oil coses, and which will at least pre- 

 vent our doing harm, where we are not able to efi'cct 

 inuch good. 



In the first place, then, we would insist, that when 

 an animal is well he never requires any medicine — 

 and when he is sick, we would protest against his be- 

 ing dosed with articles that are said to be "good" 

 for a particular disease, without ony reference to its 

 violence or the sym itoms, as common sense would 

 dictate ; that remedies the most opposite in their 

 charocter and effects, may be equally advantageous in 

 different periods of a case. 



Alwaya distrust the man and the remedy, when 

 your friend dedaies that an article is always ^* good" 

 or a " certain cure" for a disease, without reference to 



its symptoms — prescribing for the name of the dj 

 ease, rather than the disease itself — this is the vei 

 essence of quackery, in man or beast. 



A lorge proportion of the diecasee of animals cli 

 resemble those of the human family, and requii 

 treatment condueied upon the same geneial princi 

 — with some variations and some peculiarities, 

 true, but none of those outrageous departures 

 common sense, which are too frequently witnei 



A horse wiih pleurisy, crinnammotion of the I 

 or apoplexy, requires a widely different trea 

 from one with colic or with worms. There 

 more nivbtery about the diseases of a horse or a] 

 thon about those of a mon, and a violation of na' 

 laws is as productive of pain and injury in one 

 other. 



There is too great a propensity, everywhere, li _ 

 sort to active treatment in oil eases — a feeling thai 

 encouraged by the ignorant or designing for eelfii! 

 purjioses. An adviser in sickness is often most uft' 

 ful, and shows most skill where he only tells what I 

 to be avoided, ond waits for indications for more t' 

 live measures — doing little more than iireventiiiL' 

 norontbiit well meaning persons from interfering v 

 the salutary changes that may be going on. 



Remember, thot there is a restorative power in 

 ture, to which it is alwoys better to trust, than i' 

 rect active remedies without knowing for what , 

 ticular purpose they are given. 



There is never occasion for the administratien 

 the disgusting combinations which the poor animal 

 made to swallow, from the mere whim of an ignora 

 horse or cow doctor. Many a fine beast has been k 

 by his owner trusting to such prescriptions. 



When your animal bos fever, nature woidd dictn 

 that all stimuloting articles of diet or medicine shou 

 be avoided. Bleeding may be necessary to red 

 the force of the circulation — purging, to remove ir 

 toting substances from the bowels — moist, light, ai 

 easily-digested food, that his weakened digestion in 

 not be oppressed — cool drinks, to ollay his thirst, ai 

 to some extent, compensate for diminished secrctlo 

 — rest and qiuet, to prevent undue excitement in 1 

 system, and so on through the whole catalogue ol »' 

 eases — but nothing to be done without a reoson. < 

 ry out this principle, and j'ou will probably do le 

 good — hardly great horm — go on ony other, and yo 

 measures ore more likely to be productive of inju 

 than benefit. But, as we hove before said, our obji 

 now is not to speak of diseases in detail — it is rati 

 to encourage our agriculturol friends to tliintc befr 

 they act ; to have a reason that will bear e.\aminati 

 for every step in the manogcnient of a sick or injur 

 animal; to remember they hove a powerful assistant 

 nature (if she is fairly used), and that specifics, 

 they are called, are much fewer ond less to be trust 

 than their proprietors would have us believe. \ 

 might, indeed olmost sum up what we would dcs 

 in one general direction of five words : — treat toi 



BRITES LIKE 5IF..V. T. 



July 7lh, 1840. 



Silk Culture. 



A FEW FACTS RELATIVE TO Tlji: SILK CULTURE. 



It has been long known that eocoons can be obtai 

 ed in any part of the United Stales, whenever modi 

 ate attention is bestowed upon the feeding of 81 

 worms. But this is only one of the primary stagtjs 

 the silk culture ; and without the abdity to convi 

 the coceons in a raw or reeled silk, they would I 

 be a saleoble commodity, since they connot be odva 

 tageously exported or coitveyed to greater dietanc-" 

 The question still remained to be solved — in our pi 

 of the country, at least — have we the capacity to wi 

 the silk from the cocoons thot may be raised, in a co 

 dition fit for a domestic or foreign market ? Lo 

 essays, and even books, have been published, to pro 

 that the reeling of silk is an ortso difficult, as to 1 

 quire the practice of at least two or three years, a 

 even of five or six years. Such essays hove, liowevi 

 been fidlowcdthis season with similar resu'ts to the 

 written, to prove the impracticability of navigating t 

 Atlantic with steamboats, as the following focls i 

 toiii'd at recent visit to the Model Filature in tl 

 city will plainly show. 



Elizobeth WiUioms bcgon learning to reel silk ' 

 the 9th of Last month, (June.) July 15th, comniei 

 ed at half past eight o'clock, and reeled her bushel 

 cocoons by three o'clock in the afternoon, having h 

 a recess from twelve to one o'clock. Obtained frc 

 the bushel twenty ounces and a half, and continuii 

 her work till six o'clock, P. M., reeled twenty-eig 

 ounces in the doy. The cocoons were of the eea-r 

 vaiiety, and very good. The silk twenty-five fibri 



On the IGth, the same girl reeled, from similar c 

 coons, and without any extraordinary exertion, n 



I 



