-IE NEW GENESEE FARMER 



AND GARDENER'S JOURNAL. 



M. n, BATEHAM, 



C. K. CROSMAN, Proprietors. 



} 



VOIi. 1. ROCHESTER, OCTOBER, 1840. NO. lO. 



JOHN J. THOMAS, 



M. B. BATEUAM, Editors. 



PUBJLISHEO MOIVTHL.Y 



rN COXNECTION WITH TUB ROCnESTKR SEED STORE AND AORl- 

 CrLTPRAL REPO9IT0RV. 



Terms— FIFTY CENTS, per ye,ir,payalile always in ad- 



VlllK-C. 



Post ."Maslprs, Agents, and others, sending money free of 

 I'pogia^e, will receive 5ercn copies for g3, — TVt/fc copies for 

 llgj, — Ttceiily-five copies for ®10, 



Thi: postage of this paper is only one cent to any place 

 ■vviLiiin this stale, and one and a lialf cent to any part of 

 li'- tinted Slates. 



COIVTEVTS OF THIS IVUMUUR. 



\l,.\ Air Furnaces.— by J. J. T.. (Willi a cot) 143 



Units lot the Month. The Hannah Apple. The new 

 ^Vheat. A Fact, about a Cypress vine. Domestic 

 Convenicncie-s — Cisterns. Alpludes, or,Plant Lice. 



Fruit Trees splitting down, 146 



L'liUure of the Hydrangea. Applying iVenh manures. 

 The iVativc Red MuIIierry. Cure fir 0.v:cn&' eves. 

 Killine Canada Thistles. Vegetable Diet. Flowers 



and Shrubs. Grape Jelly, , 147 



riie rtowcrs of Summer. Transplanting Fruit Trees,. ..149 

 V\iscuiisin, and its inducements for Emigrants Impor- 

 tant Experiments- soaking Seeds. The Durham 

 Cow "Young Lily." Cultivation of Orchard Gr.ass, 149 

 )n ra. sing and cleaning Clover SeeJ- Clover Machines. 

 Infiltration of iManures. Proofs of Intiltration. Cio- 



\cT Seed Culture, and M.achincs, CIA com, J 150 



^colu'li Husbandry. A good Farmer. Measuring Corn. 

 The Tomato. Paint your Tools. Foreign Sugars. 



For Farmers' Wives and Daughters, 151 



"lie (.'attle Show and Fair at Rochester ; List of premi- 

 ums, and regulations for tlic Exhibition ; Ploughing 

 IMatch, &c. The Genesee county Fair-, Onlario 

 cMu iity do 15-2 



■air at Cljveland, O.; Do. at Colborne, U. C. Lime as 

 a manure. Cure for ** Diseases in Poultrv.'" 153 



ircat Eibibitlon and Fair of the Royal English Agricul- 

 tural Society; Speech of .Mr. Stevenson. &,i 153-1 



'" keep Silk-worm eggs for nen year. Prolits of Bee- 

 ^^''fpi"? 155 



car-. The new large white carrot. Crops in South 

 \ en ice in 1^0, I5G 



ures for Ringbone. Preserving Apples. Coln„fCows. 

 Warming Houses. See I of the Wild Rice. Eratta. 157 



lilogue le'.wecn a F.ather and Son— Influence of the 

 Female Char;icter. Tlie Nobility of Labor 158 



[.iking Auger holes with a Gimblet. Popular Errors. 

 Wom.in. Remedy for Smut In Wheat, 159 



ll. Hope Cemetery, Rochester. fpoetrv.J Hens' Eggs. 

 Fiirmers' holidays. Fairs, &.c. New arrangcmehl. 

 Advertisements, Prices Current, tc 160 



,!l 



Hot Air Furnaces, 



Numerous inquiries having been maiie of us, relative 

 hot-air furnacee, we believe we shall not render a 

 >re acceptable service to many of our readers than to 

 •nish the following description. The plan is greatly 

 proved on the one published last spring in the Cul- 

 Btor, and patterns of the entire castings having been 

 renlly made, the difficulty heretofore experienced in 

 Jcuring them is removed. 



A brief statement of the leading principle and ad- 

 ntsgesmny be interesting to those unacquainted with 

 im. The furnace is always placed in the cellar, or 

 a situation below the rooms to be heated, which are 

 jmed by the hot air thrown up throu.<;h pipes from 

 ! furnace below. One fire thus warms the whole 

 .se. The principal advantages o( this method are, 

 The saving of fuel, — the furnace being so con- 

 cteJ as to retain nearly all the heat of the burning 

 instead of soiiJing off from two-thirds to nine- 



tentbs into the opeit air as in the common mode ; fi\c 

 or ei.\ cords are found sulTicient to keep the several 

 rooms of a large house warm night and day through 

 winter, ij. The saving of labor in cutting, — the wood 

 being burned three feet long, and a foot in diameter if 

 wished. 3. The saving of labor in mnUing fires, — 

 but one being needed for the whole house, and requi- 

 ring to be replenished bnt once in si.\ or eight hours. 

 4. The saving of labor in cleaning houso, — the dirt of 

 stoves and fire-places being wholly avoided. 5. The 

 saving of house room, so largely consumed by other 

 modes of heating. 6. The peculiar and comfortable 

 warmth of summer, pervading the house night and 

 day, so desirable in case of sickness or when it is ne- 

 cessary to rise in the night, and the diminished preva. 

 lence of colds and catarrhs found to result from the use 

 of hot air. 



The figure at the head of this article represents a 

 scttion of the whole apparatus, and will give a correct 

 idea of the plan, although the proportions may not be- 

 precisely correct. A, is the stove, which is 3 feet 4 

 inches long inside, 2 feet high, and 18 inches wide. 

 It is made thus large, for the reception of large or 

 knotty wood, thus saving cutting, and frequent renew- 

 ing of the fuel. The bottom is a grate, made of cast 

 iron bars, B, running lengthwise, through which the 

 nshee fall into the ash-pit C. The air is^dmitted 

 through the ash-pit door, which, as well as the stove- 

 door, fits accurately, so that by closing or opening, the 

 combustion may be completely controlled. Should 

 any smoke escape from the joints of the stove, they 

 should be closed by a paste made of iron turnings or 

 filings with sal ammoniac and water. 



From the stove the heat passes into the cast iron 

 drums D, D, D, «&c. eight of which arc attached to it, 

 and the smoke finally passes off through the pipe E. 

 The drums are about IG inches square, and 5 inches 

 thick, and are cast with the short connecting pipes at- 

 tached to their lower plates. They rest upon each 

 other in such a manner that no fastenings are required 

 to hold them together, and they are supported at bot- 

 toi-n by brick, and on each other by the connecting 

 pipes or necks, and by small cast iron stands. Their 

 joints are securely closed by ashes. When they be- 

 come filled with soot, they are easily taken apart and 

 cleaned. By constantly breaking the current of smoke, 

 they deprive it effectunlly of its heat, and it passes off 

 greatly cooled into the open air. 



Double brick walls, F, F, are bnilt round the whole 

 apparatus, thus forming a complete air chamber for 

 the retention of the hot air, until it passes upwards 

 through the hot-air pipes G, G, one of which should 

 lead to each room to be heated. The inner wall may 

 be made of bricks on edge, occasionally braced to the 

 outer by a cross brick. An intermediate space of sev- 

 eral inches, occupied by air, is thus left, and prevents 

 the escape of heat from the air-chamber. Perhaps it 

 would be still better if this space were filled with ashes. 

 The top of the chamber ie covered with brick laid flat 

 and supported on wrought iron bars. Several inches of 

 nshea are laid on the brick, and these again covered 

 with another layer of brick, or a coat of mortar. Air 

 holes should be made at the bottom of the brick walls 

 for the admission of fresh air to the outside of the stove 

 and drums. The air thus admitted should be perfect- 

 ly fresh and pure, and if a room in the cellar, with an 

 open window, cannot be thus appropriated, a trunk 

 made of wood should proceed from the air outside to 



the chamber. Two dnuble-sheet-iron doirs are to be 

 hung on one side of the chamber, one opening inwards 

 and the other outwards, large enough to admit a man 

 to clean the drums, &c., and sufficient space should 

 be left on one side of the cast-iron apparatus for his 

 freely passing. 



A saving in iron bars for supporting the top of the 

 chamber may be made by first placing a few on edge, 

 after the manner of joists, by which much smaller ones 

 will be needed. Perhaps a still better way would bo 

 to make a square iron frame the size of the top, to 

 which may be attached pieces of stifi" hooj) iron bent 

 slightly in the form of an arch, for the support of iho 

 brick, — these pieces to be braced by one or two cross 

 bars. 



The smoke pipe E, should not he less thnn 10 or 12 

 inches in diameter, and theair pipes G, G, should not 

 be less than 1'2 inches, and should be made of bright 

 tin, to prevent the lateral escape of heat. By making 

 the latter thus large, the hot air is thrown in Inrga 

 quantities into the rooms above, consequently the fire 

 in the stove need not bo so hot, and the air has none 

 of the peculiar burnt odor of common stoves. Less 

 fuel is also thus required, and the cast iron does not 

 burn out so soon. 



The upper ends of the hot-air pipes terminate at the 

 floors of the rooms to be warmed, where a circular 

 cast iron grate or ventillator is placed, which by open- 

 ing or closing, regulates the heat of the room. 



The pipes should be placed as nearly vertical as prac- 

 ticable, and when it is necessary to change their di- 

 rection, it should be done by curves and not by elbows. 

 The heat will not pass through them horizontally, un- 

 less there is a large portion of perpendicular pipe con- 

 nected with them. Where it isuecessary to carry the 

 heat to a room not directly over the furnace, it should 

 be done by a straight, inclined pipe. 



As much more heat is thrown off while the smoke 

 ie descending through the first column of drums, than 

 while ascending through the last, it has been very 

 justly suggested to separate these two columns, or ra- 

 ther to form two separate compartments in the upper 

 part of the chamber, by placing a plate of bright tin or 

 bright sheet-iron across it, between these two columns, 

 the air from each to be carried off by separate pipes. 



The length of the whole east iron apparatus, when 

 set up, ie about 6 feet C inches, the width 23 inches, 

 and the height of the top of the upper drum, about 4 

 feet. Allowing two feet for the passage of the man 

 for cletning, on one side, and one foot space above, 

 which is quite sulScient, and it will be perceived that 

 the size of the air-chamber inside, is, — length 7 feet, 

 width 4 feet, and height 5 feet. 



It is probable that the use of hot-air -will be found, 

 useful and very cheap for the warming o( green houses^ 

 attached to dwellings ; nt all events, green house plants, 

 and all tender roots, may be kept in rooms thus warm- 

 ed, throughout winter, nt no expense whatever. And 

 we would ask those, who object to the lose of their fa- 

 vorite " blazing hearth," if habit, which created their 

 desire for it, would not sooit render a fine stand of 

 beautiful flowers in the midst of winter, far more plea- 

 sing than a column of smoke, and a heap of burning 

 sticks, and ashes. 



Complete castings of the above described apparatus 

 are furnished immediately to order, by Elbridge Wil- 

 liams of Palmyra, at five cents jicr pound, and if com- 

 pletely fitted and ironed, at an additional charge of 

 ten dollars, the whole in the latter ease araountiBg iq 

 from sixty-eight to seventy dollars. The remainder 

 of the work will probably extend the cost to not far 

 from one hundred dollars, one half of which is by many 

 annually expended in fuel, above what wauld be Bfled- 

 ed for the use o/ such a turnaca, ' 



