jo. iO. 



AND GARDENER'S JOURNAL. 



l-ts for niiuoal pleasure and improvement. Formers 



lied an occaeionai holiday, and how can it be hod so 



Sproprintely as by such exhibitions 7 How con far- 



lers spend e day more pleaeamly or more profitably 



an in becoming ncquninted with each other, and in 



irning about ench other's^improvements ond success 



their profession 1 



Fair at Cleveland, O. 



Editors of New Gknesee Fakmkr — The Cottle 

 low and Fair of the Cuyahogo County Agricultural 

 Dcicty, will bo held at this city on the Slst and22d 

 lys of October. 



The Society respectfully inTite you and other friends 

 the cause to be present. 



C. M. GIDINGS, Pres't. 

 J. D. Weston, Sec'y. 



Fair at Colborne, U. C. 



The county of Northumberland Agricultural Society 

 ill hold their cattle show and Fair at Colborne, on 

 Deedoy the 20th of October, when a liberal amount 

 ill be awarded in premiums as usual. 



Lime as a Rlannre. 



There is much land owned by readers of this paper, 

 hich would be greatly improved by the application 

 lime, — not only that which is periodically under the 

 ough, but many an old pasture which yields scanty 

 ibage of very inferior quality. 

 When a farmer turns his mind towards this subject 

 wever, he is met at the outset by the startling item 

 expense. Lime in our neighborhood is sold at 

 ■enty-five cents a bushel, and perhaps twenty cents 

 • the quantity. There ore ways however, to evade 

 IB imposition. Marl (lime in a soft state, either 

 re or adulterated) is found in mony porta of thisdie- 

 ct; and round old kilns, refuse lime often collects in 

 eat quaniiiics, which is of no value ot present, to the 

 jprietors, and which might be hod for a trifle. Ex- 

 pt on the score of its being clotted, or being mixed 

 th fragments of stone, it is equal to any lime for ma- 

 re. 



Indifferent countries lime is applied in very differ- 

 t quantities. In England it varies from 100 to more 

 in 690 bushels to the acre, while in France they are 

 tiefied with about a tenth part applied triennially. 

 !t Puris, — who for more than thirty years has devoted 

 Tieelf to agriculture; who has been especially atten- 

 e to calcareous manures, examining the practice of 

 I own countrymen os well as of foreigners, ond ma- 

 ag experiments himself, — says, "A quantity of lime 

 lich does not exceed a thousandth part of the tilled 

 rface layer of the soil, a like proportion of drawn 

 tached] ashes, or a two-hundredih part of marl, — is 

 fEcient to modify the nature, change the products, 

 d increase by one-half, the crops of a soil destitute 

 the calcareous principle." 



To ascertain these quantities, will require some col- 

 lation. If the soil be one inch deep, one cubic inch 

 lime will manure a thousand square inches of the 

 rface; and it will require six thousand two hundred 

 id seventy-three cubic inches to manure an acre, or 

 :arly two bushels and nine-tenths. If the soil bow- 

 er, is three or four Inches deep, it will require three 

 four times as much; and indeed Puris recommends 

 hat is equivalent to eleven and a half bushels to the 

 re, to be applied triennially. 



To formers of small copital, this method holds out 

 eat advantages, — for thoir revenue would be much 

 creased at a small expense. To such we would 

 irticularly recommend it; and let a fair account of ex 

 inae and prolu be kcpU There are other views of 

 iicisin regard to liming however, which we do not 

 iopt; but this practice is economical and worthy of 

 Itantion. 



Some precautions given by the some writer, may be 

 useful. lie says, ** It is essentia! that all colcoreous 

 manures should be applied in powder, not in a state of 

 morUir, — ond upon the eorth when not wot. Until the 

 lime is covered up tinaiiy, oil rain upon it ought to be 

 avoided, which reduces it to paste or clots." 



It moy be remorked however, that the thinner it is 

 distributed over the ground, the less will be its donger 

 of clotting; or if it should become so, from the very 

 small size of the lumps, tho sooner it will moulder and 

 mix with the soil. In saying this, we hove grass lands 

 particularly in view; but with arable lands doubtless it 

 ought to be speedily mi.\ed; and a light harrow or the 

 drog-roller would perform this operation best. t 



153 



I 



Cnre lor '* Diseases in Poultry." 



Messrs. Thomas &, Bateham — In answer to the 

 inquiry of Mr. H. in your last paper, I would stale 

 that the disease mentioned is what we called the croup, 

 in the south of England. My poultry hove teen of- 

 fected with it in this country as well os in that. The 

 remedy I adopt is a very simple, and at the some 

 time a very efieclual one. I hove never known it foil 

 of a cure. It ia this : — open the mouth of the chicken 

 and pour down its throot o tco-epoonfull of sweet oil, 

 (other oil, or molted lard, will answer.) 



Yours, &o., WM. LEAVER. 



Poultncytille, Waijne Co., N. V, 



Great Exhibition and Fair of the Royal Eng- 

 lish Agricultural Society. 



An esteemed friend in London has sent us some 

 English papers, filled with accounts of the Second An- 

 nual Fair of the " Royal English Agricultural Socie- 

 ty," held at Cambridge on the 14th and 15th days of 

 July. 



This was one of the most numerous and splendid 

 agricultural assemblages ever witnessed. With its 

 immense list of members, and their unbounded wealth 

 ond influence, we can readily imagine that the anni- 

 versary of this society created a display altogeth- 

 er without a parallel in the history of agricultural ex- 

 hibitions. The wondeiful improvements which have 

 of late been achieved in British husbondr;-, were here 

 represented in the greatest perlcction. The immense 

 numbers, excellence and beauty of the animals, im- 

 plements and products of ogriculture, brought together 

 on this occasion, must have formed a spectacle well 

 colculated to delight the eye and warm the heart of 

 every one possessed of the least spark of patriotism or 

 philanthropy. 



I; is highly gratifying to us, as Americans, to learn 

 that our country was ably represented, ond honorably 

 noticed on this occasion. Mr. Stevenson certainly 

 did himself great credit, and deserves the thanks of 

 his countrj'men. 



One of the papers received by us, is a new agricul- 

 turol poper colled the "Farmers' Journal;" a veiy 

 large sheet, with a supplement, containing a long and 

 interesting account of the whole (/o»ig-s and sayings on 

 the glorious two doys; together with fonr large and 

 spirited engravings. The first represents the cattle 

 yord and sheds; the second the dinner of the com- 

 mittee in the Hall of Trinity College; the 4th the 

 "grand dinner in the Povillion at Downing, where be- 

 tween 3000 and 4000 persons sat down to dine togeth- 

 er, and harangue, and give toosts, ond drink to the 

 honor of Britiifh agriculture ond industry." The 4th 

 is a sketch of the greot ploughing match, "where 57 

 ploughs storied in all their glory." 



We wish it were possible for us to give our readers 

 a full occount of this festival, together with the pictorial 

 representations; but even were it in our power, we 

 fear that many of our readers cherish such an unrea- 

 sonable dread of long articles, that tjiey would not 



thank us lor our pains; so we must only select tho 

 choicest morsels, and take our pen and scissors, and 

 eut up, and moim our English popere, pictures ond oil. 

 But slop, — the Eastern moil hos arrived, and here is 

 our welcome friend, the Farmers' Cahinel, contoining 

 a condensed account of this great English onniversory. 

 This will help us out of our difficulty and save our 

 pictures: f r with o litde trimming, Mr. Pedder's 

 arrangement will suit our columns, and we think will 

 benefit oil of our readers who give it o perusal. 



The meeting was numerously attended, and the bu- 

 siness was conducted with perfect order and decorum, 

 although it was supposed that oO,000 strangers entered 

 the city of Conibridge between the hours of five ond 

 twelve o'clock on Wednesdoy. The sura realized for 

 admission into the show-yard during the hours of ex- 

 hibition, amounted to between £1600 and £1050 

 sterling, or more by £500 than was taken last year at 

 Oxford. 



Tho whole amount given as prizes, we have not 

 seen stated; but it must have been veiy largo. Tha 

 first prize for each class woe 30 sovereigns, or about 

 $140. 



We feel a greot desire to give a bird's-eye view of 

 the fete, but scarcely know where to com'mence tha 

 sketch, kui.wing, loo, that the difficulty will be as 

 greot in determining where to end; the whole ac- 

 count ought to be given unmutilaied, for assuredly, 

 the lieort of every ogriculturiet must worm, to witness 

 iniinoginotion only, such a multitude, actuated by one 

 spirit and one mind, and all engaged in the further- 

 ance of on object that must be dear to the heart of ev- 

 ery true-born sun of the plough throughout the world. 



The reporter commences with a few remarks on the 

 importance of the science of agriculture, (without, 

 however, oflering the least disparagement to com- 

 merce, monufocturcs or the arts) which ought to bo 

 preserved, foi they ore as opplicahle to this as to any 

 o(/(cr country. He observes : " But what would be- 

 come of oil the immense masses of people, which 

 trade ond commerce have, as it were, forced so re- 

 cently and 80 suddenly into existence, it it were not 

 for the astonishing progress of our agriculture? It 

 is from this source that they can alone be fed, in all 

 the vicissitudes of commercial advonce and decline ; 

 for it is evident tliot no other means of procuring sub- 

 sistence cr/ii be adapted to an increase of populotion, 

 but the incessant cultitation of the soil : this is a 

 point of the greatest political importance, and com- 

 bines, and ought inseparably to connect this society, 

 with the great moving power of the government ; for, 

 provided the people be well fed and employed, ihey 

 cannot increase too rapidly. 



Agriculture is the root and trunk of the prosperity 

 of a country — manufactures ond commerce are tho 

 Ara)tc/(cs emanating from it — a branch may be blasted 

 or cut off, but whilst the root and trunk are sound ond 

 healthy, fresh shoots may be thrown out to supply its 

 ploce ; but if there be a canker at the root, and tho 

 truidi decay, the branches cannot flourish. States- 

 men may imogine, that glory consists in extent of ter- 

 ritory, the pomp of state, the greatness of revenue or 

 the terror nf orms ; but on occurote knowledge of mon- 

 kind should convince them, that true glory con only 

 orise from governing a people, who, being free from 

 the weight of oppression, ond reaping the fruits of 

 their industry, rejoice in the happiness of communica- 

 ting to their descendants, the bleesings of security and 

 coinlort : under these circumstonces, a great popula- 

 tion is the salcgimrd of the country, as well as its 

 greatest glory. In England alone, in the space of 

 eighty years, the population has been doubled ; but to 

 what do we owe this augmentation, but to our copa- 

 city ofafliirding this population the means of subsis- 

 tence 7 Commerce, trade and manufactures have un- 

 doubtedly brought the largest portion into existence, 

 but it is agriculture which has been mode capable of 

 feeding them I Every encourogement, therefore, 

 which con be given to the fruits and growth of our 

 soil — whether in the shope of breod-corn, cottle, wool, 

 or the other vorietics of animal production, which 

 Ibnns sojarge a portion of the farmer's capital, and 

 assists and remunerates him for the tillage of the soil 

 — a calculation too often undervalued and despised by 

 the engineer and manufacturer — is strictly conforma- 

 ble to the constitution of nature, as she seems to pro- 

 vide for an indrfinile increase of mankind ; and as the 

 fruitlulness of the earth is likewise indefinite, there 

 seems no roiional obstacle to ihiir united advance- 

 ment, for beyond the point hitherto reached in almost 

 any part of the known world. 



