Vo. 1. 



AND GARDENER'S JOURNAL. 



11 



3 trend in your fooletepa, and to perfect nnd cnrry out 

 le ittiprovements which yoii have coriimcnced. So 

 [ley wdl come up to tiike their places in society, feel- 

 ig, and truly too, that the occupation of the ogricul- 

 irisl ia both honorable and respectable — nnd so they 

 /ill be kept in a great measure from the indulgence 

 foolish pride, and from encouraging in their 

 reastsavain ambition which can never be realized. 

 md you may be sure that in Bubsequent life they will 

 e called to iill such stations of honor or of trust, as 

 jey may seem to be titled for, by their talents, their 

 cquiremeuts and their worth. At all events, they 

 be useful, respectable and substantial citizens, con- 

 Mited aud happy themselves, and dispense happiness 

 lid comfort to all around them. How much better, 

 ow much more rational, how much more honorable 

 ud respectable thus to be, than for young men to start 

 ft" with the idea of being line gentlemen, and at- 

 mpting to live upon the scanty pittance furnished 

 lem by their wits. Such imha|)py and misguided 

 Dung men, soon become the small politicians of your 

 Uages, or the brawlers of the grog-shop, and will 

 ion end their career, if not in crime, in neglect and 

 isignificauce. 



" The fostering, building up and sustaining of the 

 nmmon School system, is to the farmer of paramount 

 nportance. To the Common School must he look, 

 ;uiniy, for the education ot his children, and for the 

 ipport of such schools should he be willing lo make 

 line of the largest sacriliecs; or rather he should 

 n call any thing which he does in thot behalf a sacri- 

 :e. Let ciforts be at once made to introduce into 

 1 our common schools, all those desirable improve- 

 ents in education which the e.'sperience of the age 

 ggests. Let none but suitable nnd competent in- 

 ructors be engaged, and whatever the cost of such 

 ay be, let the expense be cheerfully met. Let not 

 struction beconliued to the mere elements of educn- 

 '■'f'l )n, such as reading and spelling, but let the physical 

 ,d natural sciences be introduced, nnd proper instrnc- 

 m given in all those higher departments which are 

 Iculatud to e-tpand the minds, and make business 

 en and women of your sous and daughters. Let ele- 

 enlnry books on agriculture be introduced into the 

 hools, that the education of your children may be 

 part at least, an agricultural education, and howev- 

 learued or renowned they may subsequently he- 

 me in the world of letters, they never will despise 

 e calling to which their fathers were attached. — 

 jt the standard of the moral character be elevated, 

 d let the cultivation of the religious afleetions and 

 inciules not be neglected. Thus educated and thus 

 ared in habits of industry, they may be safely sent 

 :lh to enact their part on the stage of life." 







Why dou't he do it! 



fWhen the Farmer Anoirs, that a gale is better, and 



a time and labor saving ti.\ture cheaper, than a set 



bars and posts, and without calling on a carpenter 



can himself make one, IVhij don't he do it? 



'When he has no other fastenings to his gates and 



Tn doors than a rock rolled ngninst them, and in a 



Pil ng^fc evening after supper ia able to make a better, 



o( I'Ai/ do7i'i he da it? 



And when he knows it's better and more profitable 

 have good fences than poor, IVhij don't he do it? 

 Or if he thinks it will not quiie cost to make good 

 ices, and only thmks so, and :his mere guess work, 

 d by calling on .Mr. Townsend of East Haven con 

 jeriain the facts in relation to it, JVhtj don't he do it? 

 Or if he wi-hes to see some of the most approved 

 turesapperliiiuing to farm buildings and the keep- 

 2; and feeding of stock, &.c. &c., nnd can do so by 

 Uing on the above named gentleman. Why don't he 

 it? 



Or when he sees the boards dropping from his barns 

 d out buildings, and like heaps of rubbish lying in 

 ea aboui his premises, and need only nailing on 

 Bin, Why don't he do it ? 



Or if he is afraid of the expense of nails and is 

 ways crying up the maxim of Doct. Franklin, to 

 save the pence and the pounds will take care of them- 

 vee," and he knows that the same Doct. Franklin 

 io said that " many men nie penny wise and pound 

 ilish," nnd he is not cnrcful to think of the precept 

 ntained in the latter, Why don't he do it? 

 !lf it is a saving of nearly bnlf the mnnure of a 

 mer's stock, by keeping them shut up in yards, in- 

 ■_ad of running at large through most of the winter, 

 7iw don't he do it? 



If he knows that many of his fields would be great- 

 improved by ditching, and by the removal of large 

 imps and stones, Why don't he do it ? 

 jAnd when he knows that his pastures would yield 

 \y double the feed, and of a hotter quality, if the 



. l-^n 



T 



bushes were all cut nnd subdued, Why don't he do it ? 



And if he can add lifly per cent, to the product of 

 his clover fields, and even his pastures, by the use of 

 Gypsum, Why don't he do it? 



If a farmer of fifty acres has (as he should have) 

 use for n good corn ehcller and one of the ninny im- 

 proved fanning mills, and he has not already obtained 

 both. Why don't he do it ? 



And if It is cheaper, actually cheaper, to burn dry 

 wood than green, nnd to use a stove instead of an 

 open firc|ilnce. Why don't lie do it ? 



And filially, if every farmer is not a subscriber to 

 an agricultural paper, Why don't lie do it ? — Fm-mers 

 Gaz. L . 



Cure for "Disefisc in Swine." 



Messrs. Editors — In the November number of 

 the Farmer, 1 observed an inquiry from Mr. Webber 

 of Michigan, respecting the cause nnd cure of what 

 appears to be the Blind Staggers m Swine. 



As to the cause of this disease, I am not able to 

 speak decidedly; but suppose it to arise from a deter- 

 mination of blood to the head. Leaving the cause, 

 therefore, to abler hands, I will proceed to the cure. 

 Catch the hog, and with a sharp knife, make an incis- 

 ion through the skin, 2 orSj inches in length, vertical- 

 ly on the forehead, about I J inches below the top of 

 the head, and insert into the wound and under the 

 skin, as much fine salt as possible. Repeat the appli- 

 cation hourly, and it will very soon ellcct a cure. 

 Respectfully your's, &c. 



ZECHARIAH CONE. 



Batavia, Dec. 1840. 



Sowing Orchard Grass Seed. 



I should have answered your inquiry (in No. 10,) 

 respecting the quantity of Ordiard Grass Seed required 

 to sow an acre, &c., but I have been long absent from 

 home, and seeing the opinion of Dr. James Mease, 

 President of the Philadelphia Agricultural Society, in 

 your Nov. number, I have only to say, that my opin- 

 ion does not diiler much from his, and I fully agree 

 with him on the advantage of sowing Orchard Grass 

 and Clover together. Yours, &c. 



ZECHARIAH C ONE. 



Beets for Cattle. 



As experience, nnd not speculntion, is what fnrmers 

 need, I will give my observntions in feeding beets to 

 my cows during the two past winters. In 1833 I put 

 up about 300 bushels of Mangel Wurtzel beets, 100 

 bushels of turnips and some potatois for the |)urpose 

 of experimenting in feeding my cattle through the 

 winter, i knew nothing but th^t what 1 learned 

 from books, as I was acquainted with itotoj-mer (nor 

 am I yet) who fed with roots. At first 1 Was at a loss 

 to know how to feed them, whether in a r^uv ctutcor 

 cooked, but having determined to try both plan.*, I 

 commenced the work nnd ench did well. Young ani- 

 mals are peculiarly fond of the raw beets and thrive 

 astonishingly on them; but for cows that give milk, 

 they are better boiled, particularly if a steamer can be 

 used in the process. Though milk cows should have 

 raw beets once in every two or three doys if grass can- 

 not be had. 



The turnips and potatoes were given precisely as 

 the beets; but I could not determine that either had 

 the preference over the other, as the cows gave about 

 the same quantity of milk, nnd their condition did not 

 seem chnnged by either. In feeding the same animals 

 with beets, it was easily told tlint one-third lees than 

 of the turnips or potatoes would make them give the 

 same quantity of milk, of better quality, and they 

 showed better keep. The beets made the milk better, 

 the butter better, and the cows look much better. On 

 one half bushel of beets per day to ench cow, with 

 straw and a little meal or bran mixed in, they contin- 

 ued in good condition through the winter, gnve ns 

 much milk ns in the summer, and the butter was as 

 full as good ns in May. Myexpeiience during the 

 past winter (1839-40) while I fed on roots, only con- 

 fu'nied my former conclusions. — We^^tern Paper. 



Our Trade with France. 



The New York Express of Wednesday, soys — 

 " The export of specie hns, in its operations, been 

 quite remarkable. Exchanges on all Foreign places, 

 France excepted, have been in favor of this country. 

 No specie haa been wanted, and very little has been 



shipped to any other place. Frnnee hns, particularly, 

 for the last three months, been receiving large sums 

 in silver. The question naturally nrises, how is this! 

 Why is it that while there is a iierfect reciprocity iti 

 trade with any other country to such a degree, that 

 we neither receive nor pay any considerable sum in 

 specie, France Hhould bring us in debt at once full 

 three millions of dollars; and tuking it she takes not 

 gold, which we can spare, but will have all silver, a 

 description of coin that we cannot spare. The great 

 secret is, in the immense introduction of silks. I ho 

 duties being now removed, this description of gooda 

 conies in nt very reduced rntes. Fashion unfortunately 

 clothes our females in silks, and even the males take a 

 large quantity. 



" Our great staple, cotton, is the principal nrticla 

 that is sent in payment, and m the unprecedented low 

 rates it is bringing in Europe, it falls short of a sufli- 

 eient sum to pay for our indebtedjiess. To England, 

 besides the vast sum we pay lor goods, we have to pro- 

 vide for a large amount of interest, and with all this 

 running against us, we are enabled to square up wiib 

 produce; and yet with France, from whence we re- 

 ceive but little else than silks and wine, which contri- 

 bute but little to our national revenue, we are con- 

 stantly in debt. Nor is there much prospect of any 

 favorable change, so long as fashion runs in fnvor of 

 silk goods. So long as they are admitted free, and so 

 long ns cotton continues at the present low rate, it is 

 hardly possible that there can be any change for tha 

 better." 



Exercise, a Moral Duty. 



The faculties with which our Creator hns endowed 

 us, both physical and intellectuni, are so dependent 

 upon exercise for their proper development, that ac- 

 tion and industry must be regarded ne among the pri- 

 mary duties of accountable man. **Inall our con- 

 ceptions," says an ingenious writer, "exertion is con- 

 nected with success and renown." A triumph with- 

 out an enemy combatted, and a victory won; a priza 

 where no course is marked out nnd no competitor 

 stnrts with us in the rnce, are not ons which do not find 

 a ready admission into our minds. Such is our con- 

 stitution, that, according to our usual train of think- 

 ing, that where there is no exertion, there can be nei- 

 ther honor or reward. Progress in moral and intel- 

 lectual excellence is our duty, our honor, and our in- 

 terest. To be stationary, or to retrograde, is disgrace- 

 ful. We came into the world feeble in body and in 

 mind, but with seeds of improvement in both; and 

 these seeds grow, according to the cultivation they 

 receive from exercise. The body grows in stature and 

 in strength, and the mind gradually expands. But 

 exercise is requisite to the development both of our 

 corporenl and mental capacities. In the course of 

 years indeed, the body grows; but without exercise, 

 it is lumpish, feeble, and inactive; and the mind, 

 wholly undisciplined, remains in a weak and infantils 

 state. The exercise which is requisite in order ta 

 bodily health and vigor, and the evolution of our mor 

 al nnd intellectual powers, is not only the chief niean« 

 of our improvement, but also the main source of hnp. 

 piness. Without exercise of body and of mind, there 

 can be no happiness. 



In one respect the farmer has the advantage of al- 

 most all other classes of the laboring community; his 

 evenings he has to himtelf, while the mechanic has to 

 labor from morning till 9 o'clock in the evening, tha 

 farmer's day commences with the rising and closes 

 with the setting of the sun. Although the industrious 

 farmer finds many little jobs of work, to which he 

 very economically appropriares his evening leisure, 

 yet the greater part of the long winter evenings he 

 can appropriate to his amuBement nnd instruction. In 

 no place do we see more cheerful countennncest i k 

 around the blazing fire upon the farmer's hearths 

 There, at the merry apple paring, or nt the neighboi 

 ing collection, or even in the lamily circle alone, do 

 we find social happiness in its pure simplicity. VVhnt 

 nn opportunity this, for an acquisition of knowledge I 

 What fnrmer who improves these opportunities can 

 but be intelligent ? And what instruction so inte- 

 resting 88 that which gives him a knowledge of bis 

 own employment ? Here we would suggest tlie im- 

 portance of every farmer having a supply of agricultu- 

 ral books and papers. It seems to ns that no one can 

 be insensible to their utility. If this should be a sug- 

 gestion of self interest, which we do not deny, still we 

 believe it coincides with the interest of the farmer. 

 We will notenlnrge on this subject, ns v,e apprehend 

 it would not convey thnt knowledge which we recom- 

 mend. We will barely say, that we expect our eul. 

 scribers to increase as the evenings lengthen. — Hiik 

 Cuituriat, 



