14 



THE NEW GENESEE FARMER, 



Vol. 2 



\ 



From the yativnai jEgis. 

 To the Vonng of both Sexes. 



It is of grcot jiiiportnnce that pereoiif, in early life, 

 Bbouldpreparethcinsclreafor the part ihey are to act 

 in society. There is o strong desire in both sexes to 

 rise to respectability, and tUis is highly commendable; 

 but many persona err in their attempts to gain iheir 

 object. 



A principal cause of the failure of young people to 

 reach the object of their desire, is, the ntteinpt to get 

 rick icithout labor ! In this way, they often ami at 

 on object without the means to accomplish it. Thus, 

 or miny years past, young men have entered on busi- 

 ness with borrowed capital, to an extent never before 

 known; they have calculated upon the prolils which 

 were prcearious; they have neglected to calculate the 

 chances of sudden declensions in business; they have 

 entered upim hou8e-kee|)ing, with extravagant pur- 

 chases of furniture; they have mostly/«i7c(/, and re 

 duced themselves and families to poverty. The fail- 

 ures and the distress which have occurred in this coun- 

 try within « few years exceed every thing probably 

 that ever before happened. 



Young friends, learn wisdom. It is not the order of 

 Providence that mankind should hove blessings and 

 prosperity without labor. It is best for mankind that 

 this should be the order of things; good morel habits are 

 formed by industry; sudden acquisitiims of propeity 

 end to prevent the formation of such habits, they are 

 often ruinous to morals. Moderate acquisitions of 

 property generate good habits — the habits of prudence, 

 cf foresight, and correct calculation of what is practi- 

 cable. 



The desire of reaching a reepectacle standing in 

 life has led many to renounce labor for books, with 

 the expectation that they can live by learning. But 

 the number of persons who can gain subsistence by 

 learning is comparatively small. The prolessions are 

 iu!l to overflowing; unless that of the gospel ministry 

 may be eicepted. By far the greatest part of man- 

 kind are destined to labor, without which society can- 

 not be supported. 



'In forming a plan of business for life, therefore, the 

 first requisite is to determine the course to be pursued, 

 the occupation which is to be followed, and then to 

 devote all possible attention to gain the quaiificationa 

 essential to success in tliiit occiipatian. In this prelim- 

 inary to success, persons very often make great suc- 

 cess. 



If a young man is to be a farmer, he must begin 

 when a boy, and continue in that business. He must 

 gain knowledge by experience, and . muscular strength 

 by labor. Books and learning will never make farm- 

 ers. 



If a young man is to be a mechonic, be must begin 

 his art when young, and persevere in it, and be thor- 

 oughly master of every part of his business. Books 

 anil learning cannot supply the want of labor and ex- 

 perionce. Farmers and artisans cannot be made in the 

 school house or college. Most of the studies cultiva- 

 ted in our seminaries of learning, however useful to 

 professional men, ore notapidicable to all the common 

 occupations of hie. This the writer knows by expe- 

 rience. 



It is with female as with males; hey desire to live 

 without labor, and thonsondsof them fail of obtaining 

 a good settlement in life, by aiming at what cannot be 

 obtained. Hence, the high schools often become nur- 

 eviea of old maids. The daughters of wealthy men. 

 Who are sure of the means of living without labor, 

 ond such as are fortunate enough to marry men of in- 

 fluence, moy be justified in devoting many years to 

 ltingiui<rc-s and sciences wfiick they are never to use ; 

 but how small, comparatively, is this number I 



Most of the people of this coun'.ry possess small ce- 

 tales, which, when divided, will not support their 

 children. Hence it often happens that children, 

 ■ivhom the father can support in genteel style, fail, at 

 his death, of the means of subsistence. Hence, pro- 

 bably, no country presents s.) many instances of young 

 persona of both sexes, cdticiitcd ahurc their condition^ 

 SB the United States. Many persons and families, 

 within the knowledge of the writer, have been ruined 

 or doomed to struggle with adversity all their lives 

 from this mistake. They begin wrong, they expect 

 to be gentlemen and ladies without the means of sup- 

 porting themselves in such style. 



Equally mistaken are mony of the daughters of 

 poor lamilies. Some of them enter manufactories, 

 where they gel good wages, and dress in rich attire; 

 neglect to gain o thorough knowledge of housekeep- 

 ing, the very knowledge they most want to insure 

 them a good sentiment. Young men of industry 

 want wives that are good house-keepers. They do not 



geeli females tor their dexieiity intending spools; but 



for those who arc accustomed to do all the work of a 

 family, and to make an economical use of money. 

 Such wives are useful auxiliaries in supporting a fami- 

 ly; whereas such as arc not accustomed to housework 

 often check or prevent the prosperity of their bus- 

 bands; sometimes they ruin thein. 



Much less do men, in the ordinary occupations of 

 life, seek lor females who have studied geometry, al- 

 gebra, rhetoric, zoology ond the higher mathematics. 

 Such sciences are of no use to them in discharging 

 their duties, as wives, mothers or housekeepers; they 

 are soon forgotten, and it not, never used; nor do 

 they ever become subjects of conversation. In the 

 course of thirty years observation, the writer baa nev- 

 er known a female thus educated to make the lecst 

 use of such sciences; not even in the families of the 

 affluent. Books on such subjects, read in after life, 

 for the purpose of gratifying curiosity or enlarging the 

 knowledge of the works of nature, may be useful lor 

 these purposes among those who have leisure, but not 

 being necessary to qualify females for these duties, 

 should not be a part of school education. 



In no particular is the folly of females more remark- 

 able than in their estimate of labor. They seem to 

 think it disgracing to labor in the laniily as domestics, 

 when they will labor in manufactories without objec- 

 tion. They do not consider that the proper sphere of 

 females is in the family, and that they cannot fill that 

 sphere without serving an apprenticeship^ and they 

 should no more disdain it, than voung men should 

 disdain to be apprentices to mechanics. The young 

 of both eexes must be subordinate to those who are 

 older, for it is from experience and knowledge of ol- 

 der persons that they are to qualify themselves to be 

 respectable masters and mistresses themselves. Girls 

 who have no property should seek to be domestics for 

 two or three years in respectable, well-ordered fami- 

 lies, for it is in these they are to learn, not only to do 

 all kinds of work, but to improve their minds and 

 their manners. It is the best, if not the only chance 

 which many of them can have, thus to improve, and 

 become respectable mistresses of families. 



All young persons should have a competent Eng- 

 lish education, and for this purpose, they should have 

 access, not only to the Bible, but to the beat writings 

 of Watts, Addison, Cowper and Mrs, Moore. In 

 wealthy and well conducted families the poorest girls 

 may have this advantage. By avoiding doTiestic ser- 

 vice, they deprive themselves of advantages which 

 they can never have in any other business. The 

 pride of females often condemns them lo poverty and 

 a single life. Many and many a female fails to gain 

 a comfortable settlement in life, merely because she 

 is too proud to submit to the apprenticeebip of learning 

 the duties of a house-keeper in the character of a hi- 

 red domestic. FRANKLIN. 



Frvm the Maine Farmer. 

 Signs of tlie Times. 



We sometime ago, under this head, made some re- 

 marks in regard to the change of feeling at the South, 

 respecting a "judicious tarifl"" on certain articles, 

 which do not now pay any duty, or but very little; 

 such as silk, wines, &c., whicb may be considered 

 articles of luxury, and not of necessity. We were not 

 aware of treading on the political toes of either party 

 — but it so fell out that we received sundry hearty 

 kichs, from individuals belonging to hoth of them. 



So mote it be, gentlemen; we have always been 

 used 10 " innrc hiclc^ than coj}pcrs" from our youth up, 

 and this iicttiiig thumped from both sides of the iray, 

 is pretty sure proof that we are in the right. At any 

 rate, one thing is certain, and you may all pout and 

 make wiy faces as long as you please, abmit it. You 

 must have a tariiV, and a pretty strong one too, or you 

 must support your government by a direct tax. Now, 

 which do you like best? When the last tariff was 

 adopted, certain articles were admitted alnioat or quite 

 duty free, because it was alledged that they could not 

 be produced in this country. Among them, as we be- 

 fore observed, were silks Since that period, the ex- 

 periment has been pretty thoroughly tried, and it has 

 been found that wc can produce silk here with case, 

 but the French, on account of labor being so much 

 cheaiier with them than with ua, can sell cheaper than 

 we can, and thus defeat no in the market. Very well, 

 this might do, if they would meet us on reciprocal 

 grounds — that is, take our produce, or some of it, dutv 

 free. But this they decline doing. The song with 

 them is — Free trade for us, and heavy duties for you. 



The tobacco planters are getting tlieir *'blood up," 

 and the following from the American Farmer shows 

 what they mean to do. There will probably be, ere 

 long, a modification of the tarilV system, and we trust 



the diftercni inierceta of tlie Souilj ond the Norib 



will meet and act with more union on a subject of such 

 vital interest, lo every son and daughter of the na- , 

 tion. 



The Ball is in Motion. — The Tobocco Plonters 

 are on the (jiti rire — lo speak in plain English, on ihe i-. 

 look out. Their interest in Congress, if zealously jf 

 combined, is strong enough to make itself be under- y- 

 stood — and if not strong enough in numbers, let it :ii 

 log-roll, as last resort, with some other than con ^ 

 make it bo. i- 



The Planters of Charles County, Md , were to bav« la 

 held a meeting yesterday for the appointment of deli lai 

 egates to the convention. yu ' 



The proceedings of a meeting in Dinwiddie, Va., rin 

 will be found below, with some introductory remarks mif 

 from the National Intelligencer. The Lynchburg ji!ii 

 Virginian, olluding to the proceedings of this meet- h: 

 ing, and remarking on the onerous duties levied on i. 

 our Tobacco, by foreign powers, observes ; 



" Other nations are depressing our productive inter- 

 ests by nionopolies and onerous rcsliictions. In re- 

 ciprocity for all which we have pursued the roost lib. 

 eral policy— the luxuries of foreign lande have entered 

 our country almost duty fiee. We should no longei 

 submit to these oppressive duties. It is time for us u 

 obtain their repeal, or coun.eracl them by similar re- t; 

 strictiona. If we cannot by our example induce othei 

 nations to adopt the enlighteiftd policy we have pur 

 sued, why we have no alternative left but to try thi 

 retaliatory system." 



ki 



1,111! 



I;i]« 



Massachusetts Statistics. 



From the returns of the valuation assessors of th- 

 several towns in the Stale of Massachusetts, as pub 

 lisbed in the Boston Atlas, we compile the followin; 

 interesting statistics : 



Population. — Whole number of males and female 

 610,814, being an increase in len years of 12;),29"2. 



Polls. — Rateable polls of 16 yeaia ond upwarc 

 lT2,'i27, male polls not rateable 1'2,065, ditto paupei 

 1707. 



Buildings. — Whole number of dwelling houses i 

 the State !)G,227, shops and stores 23,019, ban 

 63,.S06, other buildings worth over $20 and upwart 

 26,,'573. 



Distilleries. — Whole numbf r 73, breweries 15. 



Mills. — Grist 7.')7, saw 1371, paper 98, 



Manufactories. — Splilting mills and noil macbin- ^'°' 

 424, iron works and furnaces 133, small arm inanii p 

 factories 12, carding machines 651, fulling mills 18 

 rope walks 64, glass factories 4, card factories 34, B' 

 perfieial feet of salt works 14, •897,815. 



Cotton Factories. — Whole number 343, looms 16 

 638, spindles 624,540. 



M'ootcn Faetorics. — Whole number 201, loom 

 3032, spindles 113,4.57. 



Other Factories. — Bleaching 10, linen 2, Bilk 

 works for printing calico and silks 12. 



Aa-riciiUiiral. — Tillage land 259,038 acres, the pt _^ , 

 duce of which is, wheat 101,178 bushels, rye4.53,70E!" 

 oats 1,226,300, corn 1,775,073. barley 149,004, ho 

 237,941 pounds, hemp 7 tons, flax 2, broom corn 5fi' 

 upland mowing land 440,930 acres, the produce 

 which is 467,537 tons of hay, fresh meadow Ini 

 184,822 acres, the produce of which is 135,930 tor 

 salt mcadon^land 39,305 acres, the produce of wUi> 

 is 26,203 tons. 



I'arioiis. — Superficial feet of wharves 8,462,28' ;_" 

 tons of vcFsels 498,057, ounces of plate e-xceeding $ 

 in value 153,670. 



ill 

 1-, « 





Vil! 





Pride and Extravagance. 



A slight exposition now and then of the way 

 which we "simple republicans" live, will do no ban 

 for the means of acquiring information as to our i 

 tional income and outgo are not always within t 

 reach of the peo|de. The last annual report of t 

 Secretary of the Treasury contains some informati 

 of much value lo the general reader, and goes lo sh< 

 that we are not exactly the plain, calculating, mom 

 making people, that some modern travellers have pi 

 nounced us. Our institutions, it is true, are repub 

 can, as they partake of the nature and spirit of o 

 government, but society is the mere ope of forei 

 aristocrocy, and we are as fond of our luxuries os nii 

 other people. "Hard times" is a stereotyped co; 

 plaint, and the embarrassed condition of the coun' 

 is made o great political subject. This is all rig 

 enough, the contending parties must have some vti 

 pons to fight with, else how would the conflict p 

 coed ? But while all these complaints were ninkii 

 we last year paid to France and England, principa 

 the former, twcnty.four millions of dollars for sill 



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Gro de Nap, Gro d« Riine, Poalt de Soui, and Ti^j,Jj 



