63 



THE NEW GENESEE FARMER, 



Vol. 2. 



Gardcuiug for Ai>ril. 



The wcaliier during tUc pnei month has been so 

 winiery thai but little cjiild be done in the garden ex- 

 cept with bo:- be<!a. No time should be l"st this month, 

 when the v.'entbcr will allow, in commencing the oper 

 tions of eprmg. Manure can best be carried nn when 

 the ground ia frozen. Prune or trim frait trees and 

 bushes; repair espalicrr, i^d procure new stakes for 

 raspberry bushes, &c. Dress asparagus and rhubarb 

 beds, and carry off, or burn all litter and rubbish. As 

 Boon as the ground is in good order, select and prepare 

 the best apartments for early plr.nting, and bejin to 

 plant or sow the mure hardy vegt'lablee. 



Onion sets aliould bep'a:ited, and Pea?, Lettuce, 

 SpinaL'e, Parsnip and Solsify seeda sown as soon as 

 possible. Towards the limer part of the month, (*nr- 

 lier in Ohio and other Siatt-s south of this) sow seedsof 

 Carrot, Uett, Onion, and plant Enslisb Beans and early 

 Pota'.oes; and, if not sown in a hot-bed, eow Cabbage. 

 Cauliflower, Broccoli Tomato Pepper, Celery, &c. on 

 & warm border where they can be covered with mats 

 in time of frosts. 



In Oiiio, and wherever danger from frost is not ap- 

 prehended, most kinds of garden tecds are sown early 

 this month; but in this state, severe frosts sometimes 

 occur as late ns the Ist week ill Way, and tender plants 

 must not be cNpo^ed till after that time. It will then 

 be time to sow Cucu;ubcr, Melon, Squash, Pumpkin, 

 Beans, Corn, Radish, Turnip, &c.; aleo, most kinds 

 of herb and flower seoJe. For remarks on sowing 

 flower seeda, see Vol. 1, P. 56. 



*,* 111 health of Mr. Bateham mu3t be an apology 

 for t!ie brevitv of the remarks under this head. 



Flowers in Euj^land. 



From the Gardener'sChrtoiicle of '* Feb. 6, 1841," 

 published in London, and edited (in part) by Professor 

 Lindley, we make the following extracts: — 



*' Ptnlliinflia itiiniata, n pretty bulbous plant from 

 Cusco in Peru, allied to Paucralium and Nairissus, 

 producee its clear scarlet iiowers readily, and grows 

 very fieely." 



" Geranium ruhifolltim. The erect habit of this 

 plant, and its large tiowers distinguish it from G. ncpa- 

 Unse. It ia a mat hardy [lerennial, scorcely exceed- 

 ing a foot in height. It should be planted in light soil, 

 or on rock work, as it is destroyed by the wet in win- 

 ter. Itll-iwersin July and August; and may be in- 

 creased by dividing the roots when in a dormamstate, 

 or by seeds, wLich are produced freely, but the seed- 

 ling will not (lower before the second season. It was 

 raised in the garden of the Horticultural Society, 

 from Himalayan seeda piceenled by Dr. Royle in 

 May 18:i<)." 



'• IJakHas. A correspondent of the Fhrlicxdtural 

 Magazine, gives a long list of Prize Dihliaa, from 

 ^li:ch we c.>:Lract the following names of varieties, 

 which according to tuia writer have gained more than 

 fiity |iriz,;3at the shows for 1840. 



Aniato fM'>unijoy's, ) 7U. 



Argo (VVi(liiaHV,)ul. 



Boniiiy of the plain (Spnrry's,) 69. 



Climax (Jeli;'rv'8,)89. 



Conductor (Widnnll's,) 62. 



Definiice (Cox's,) 67. 



Duchess of Piicbmond, (Fowler's,) 63. 



Essex Rival (Sorrell'a,) 109. 



Eva (Foster's,) 7X 



Grace Darling (D.)d'e,) 115, 



Hope (Neville's,; 10.'). 



Lewisham Rival (Mend's,) 98. 



M'irquisof Loiliian(GoodhaIl'8,) 123, 



Mary ( Dod's, ) 92. 



Miss Johnstone (Williaon's.) 87. 



NePlua Uliral\Vidiinll'8,)92. 



Ricnzi(VVulnaire,) 1110. 



Rival Sussex (Slnnlord's,) 109. 



Springfield Rival (Inwood's,) 122. 



SuH'ilk Hero (Girlinc's) IIS. 



Topaz (Girling's, ) 77. 



Unique f Anscll's,) 164. 



Virgin Queen (Prolheroe's,) 87." 

 ^^'HhoflotUndrou vKtrimnm grows much better in 

 ehade than in sunny situaiionc; ihe folinf;e js of en 

 ixii uoee tits usual size, and of a mucli filter green." 



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>VM. K. ^SMITH'S FARMERY. 



EXPLANATIONS. 



a. Root cellnr filled from the windows, 10 feet wide including walls, i, alley, boarded on the stable fide, 

 to the top of the ninngeis, lour feet wide, c, stalls lor the cows, &c., seven feet wide, d, ox stables. 8 feet 

 v^•ide. c, stalls for the horses, 5 feet wide. y, apartments for the .firi/i ioys. it, room for boiling, slicing 

 loots, &c. A, ehtep troughs, with racks communieoiing with the loft above, i, calf shed, j, wagon shed. 

 k, barn yards. A'o/c — The upper part of the above cut ia a front view, and the lower part a ground plan. 



Tor the New Gcncscc Farmer. 



Messrs. Editors — It is very probable that the sketch of the barn obove may strike many persons as be- < 

 ing altogether too large and expensive for general use. This is diubtless true to a certain extent. Indeed; 

 my only hope is that some persons may profit by so7nc things described, os I have no expectation but that gla- 

 ring faults will be found in the plan. The inconvenience resulting from want of arrangement in our farm 

 establishments is also great. 



On many farms, having nearly or quite as mony buildings as those described, the barns, &c. are so pla- i 

 ced as to require much additional labor in passing from one to the other, and in the feeding of the animals. 



Manures. — The man who at the present doy neglects this important branch of lobor, ought to be lookec ■ 

 upon as laying the foundation for future poverty. Yet, 1 venture to say, that not one person in fifty wbt i 

 builds a barn, takes this subject into consideration, unless he may do so for the purpose of finding, os a frient ' 

 of mine did, a lugh knoll, that the wash of his yards might give liim no trouble. I 



Several methodj have been proposed for soving and increasing manure, but on the whole, the plar J 

 adopted by Judge Buel seems to me best adapted to our circumstances. This consisted, as the readers of th< 

 " Genesee Farmer" will remember, in shaping the yard like a dish, leaving a margin of ten or twelve fee 

 quite round the outside. With this, if straw be freely scattered weekly over ihe whole, and the litter fron 

 the 6tiib!es wheeled out and spread, subject to the treading of the cattle, ten times the usual qttnntity will ac 

 cumulate. 



-Aigain, it IS the decision of some of our best New Englond farmers that pork making is a losing business 

 unless particular attention be paid to the compost heap. If this be true where great economy ia used in feed 

 ng, what will be the fate of those, w'qo, like myself, have no boiling apparatus nor economical hog yard 1 



In the sketcli, I have placed this yard in the centre, where the excavation is the deepest. 



Roots are justly coming into general use; but no systematic mode of feeding con be adopted unlee 

 they ore accessible at all times. The long, narrow cellar exhibited in the plan, I think will be found ver 

 convenient. A sort of hopper with a grated bottom might be placed in the windows, into which the car 

 would be emptied. 



The extreme wing at the right in the elevation is the carriage ond tool bouse; to the left of this is th 

 grain barn, say 32 feet front by 45 feet deep, leaving long, narrow bays on each aide the floor. The strav 

 stack is directly bock of this, and on the west aide of the yards. 



The centre building has the corn crib and general store room, occupying two-thirds of its length from th' 

 bock end, which communicates by o trapdoor with the boiling vats below. 



The from is used foi a shop, stairwoy, &c. 



To the right and left of thie are the hoy lofts, which communicate with the feeding alleys below. 



The large building on the left, corresponding with the grain born, covers the sheep house — the plane 

 which may be thought somewhat whimsical. 1 know the strongest of these useful animals can lite, thoug 

 exposed to the storms of enow and sleet incidental to stack feeding; but it is susceptible of the clearest proo) 

 that the expense of a comforlnblc shed is more than paid for by the increased quantity of wool ond flesh, 

 propose that rouges of feeding troughs, four in number, should be placed in the bosemenl, running from th 

 olley to the back end. These arc to consist of a rack, and monger at the bottom; the two outer ones single 

 and ploced against the wall; the inner double, that is, to supply food from each side. The racks will commu 

 nicato with the floor above, from which they are to be supplied with hay. 



A narrow floor communicating with the doors shown in the li^'ure, ruua the whole depth of the building i^j. 

 On each side ore the hay mows, which ore raised seven feet above the level of ^ihe floor, that the rocks may b 

 accessible. In this way a Urge number of sheep can be provided for in a small space, and without waste t 

 time or food. The smoU wing on the left is the poultry house. 



In the stables two cows or oscn occupy the same stall. The ground floor should be paved, as being bel ' ' 

 ,teiin every particular than plonk. 



Uaaifin, WM. R. SMITH. 



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