M. B. BATEHAM, ) 



C. F. CHOSAIAN, Proprietors. (, 



VOJL. 2. 



ROCHESTER, JL'IVE, 1841. 



JVC. «. 



JOiJN J. THOMAS, 



M. B. BAl'EHA.M, Editors. 



PURIilSIIED MOi\TIIIiY. 



TERMS, 



FIFTV CENTS, per yerii-, p lyulile always in advance. 



Post Masters. Agents, and others, sending money free of 

 postage, will receive seicn ccipies for ®3, — Tuelve copies for 

 95, — Ticenty-Jive copies for ©10, 



Tl'c postage of tins paper is only one cent to any place 

 within Lliis state, and one and a half cents to any part of 

 the UniteJ Stjites. 



Address BATEHAM i: CROS.'MAN, Rochester, N. Y. 



CONTENTS OF THIS NUMBER. 



An Apolniry- To Delinquents. The State Law — Conn- 

 tv SoL'icties, Rcntrdv for the Turnip Fly Hints for 

 the Monlli. The Weather of May SI 



PearTrees. Ripening of Pears. *■ Grulis in Cattle." How 

 can Farininel-e nir.-le profuahle.' — Slilisoil phtugliing.. .t'J 



American tJociely of Agriculture. Letter from Wiscon- 

 sin. Large Hogs F3 



The Flo .vers of Spring. Wlieat turning to Chess. Man- 

 ufacture of Silk in State Prisons 34 



Gnlvanic Plant Protector. Wilkie's Scotch Plough P;ir- 

 liiigtnn on the Grasses. N. Y. State .-\g. Society On 

 the Tarilfaiul Trade P5 



Tlic Wheat Interests, Lcavitt's Memorial to the U. S, 

 Senife SO-87 



Cheering Protspe^'ts To our friends. Pleasing Letters. 

 The Self-Protecting liee Hive (with cut ) 88 



Opeida county ,\\vake, Beehe's Straw Carrier, (wrtli 

 cut.; Important from England— Corn Laws Soaking 

 Onion See Is. Stripe 1 Hugo — Inqniry 89 



Answer to Inquiries ,".l;out I'Vuit and Flowers. Thorn 

 Hedges. ErtV'Ms of High Prices on .Xalional Wealth — 

 Use of Mosqviiloes ! 90 



Native Fruito. The importance and utility of the Pissem- 

 Ination of Knowledge aniong Farmers. Treatment of 

 Hi'elMen. Is the Taritf a Political Question .'.... 91 



N. Y. Sta e Bounty on Silk. Report of the Assrtnldy and 

 Aclof the Le^lriture. Lie^ieg's Agricultural Chemis- 

 try V. 



I An important Suggestion — The use of .Ashes. Log Hou- 

 seB. Vai-ieties of Silk Worms. To destroy Rats and 



Mice. The Use of Flowers. Poefry 93 



' Cheese making. Cure fur ^Murrain. Leachel .\slies as 

 Manure. Agricultural Rank of the several St;;tes. N. 

 Y. St.-.te Act to Pronio'e Agriculture 94 



Flowers and their odors. To the Ladies — On Horticul- 

 ture. >Iodes"y. Time 95 



Letter f'-om -Annette. An Iminirv from Michigan. F.as- 

 icrn Ploughs. IMarkets Advertisements Prices Cur- 

 rent, Slc 96 



All Apology. — Otir paper was dclnyetJ n tiny or 

 two this month, by nn accident hnppen-n;^ to the ma- 

 ehinerv coiineuted \vith the power press on which it 

 is primed. 



To Delinquents. 



There ia a Inrge amount of email sums due us from 

 agents and poet ma-^terd. They wil! greatiy obIie:e tie 

 by remitting their balances without delay, bo that we 

 1 need not trouble them with a more particular call. 



The State Law-County Societies. 



By a reference to the act to promote agriculture, as 

 published in another column of this paper, it will b'^ 

 Been, that where no society exists already, the Coun- 

 ty Clerk is required to give four weeks' notice of 

 • public meeting for the purpose of forming one. — 

 Notices have been given accordingly in a number of 

 counties, and many societies will doubtlef38 beorgani- 

 led during the present month. We repent our re- 

 quest that the Secretaries will send us a list of their 

 officers. 



Monroe County Society. 



The Annual E.xhibiiion of this Society will be held 

 «t Kochester on the 15th and IGth dnys of October. 

 The list of premiums, regulations, <^c, will be pub- 

 lished soon, in handbill form, and circulated through, 

 •ut the ooi:niy. 



Ontario County. 



The Cattle Show and Fair of thie Society will be 

 held atCnnandnigua, on the ISth day of October. The 

 list of premiums and regulations has been published 

 and circulated. 



Genesee County. 



This Society will hold its Annual Fair at Alexan- 

 der on the 13th and 14th days of October. The list 

 of premiums, &c. has been circulated, and may be 

 had of tiie Secretary, C. P. TunNEtt, Esq., Batavia. 



Remedy for the Turnip Fly. 



The following simple mode of guarding against the 

 depredations of the Turnip Fly, if not new, is certain- 

 ly not generally known, and may be of great benefit to 

 some ot our readers : 



Messrs. EoiTons — It ia well known that the great en- 

 emy of the Ruta Baga (and other turnip) crops is the 

 small Ilea or fly that destroys the plants almost as soon as 

 they appear above ground ; and ns this crop is becom- 

 ing extensively cultivated, it is very important that 

 some method be devised and made known for guarding 

 against this insect. 



J have long been in the practice of raising Ruta Ba- 

 gas, and for the past live years have not failed of ob- 

 taining a ^ood crop. My mode is simply to soak the 

 seed 24 or 48 hours in Tanner's Oil, and then roll it 

 in Plaster to facilitate the sowing. A very small quan- 

 tity of oil is sufficient, as it ia only necessary to moist- 

 en the seed thoroughly, and allow it time to penetrate. 

 The offensive odor of the oil is imparted to the seed, 

 and the first leaves of the young plant are so impreg- 

 nated with it that the flies will not eat them. I have 

 frequently tried thee.xpeiimentofsowing asinnll quan- 

 tity of seed without any preparation, and have almost 

 invaii^ibly found those plants nearly or quite destroy- 

 ed, while those from the prepared seed escaped unin- 

 jured. 



To the incred'ilous I would say, the trouble is 

 but little, the expense nothing — therefore, try. the ex- 

 periment. 



The oil does not seem in the least to injure the vi- 

 tality of the seed. J have known it to vegetate well 

 after soaking ten days in the oil ; but I think two days 

 is sufficient, and prefer it to a longer period. 



L. B. P.'VRSONS. 



Perry, N. Y. UlayQG, 1S4I. 



Hints for the ^lonth. 



Among the most important operations this month, is 

 the sowing of ruta bnga Feed. Farm re who want an 

 eX'-ellent and cheap feed for their horses and store cat- 

 tle, and especially those who have been sadly pinched 

 this spring for hay, &c. must not omit the proper 

 season. 



But, one thing must be remembered — that ill suc- 

 cess is nearly always to be attributed to bail nwvage- 

 mcnt — and not to the nature of the crop itself. Where 

 the soil has been well enriched by previous manuring; 

 ia not too wet; ha.s been well mellowed by frequent 

 ploughings and iiarrowings; the eeed planted as early 

 as the middle nf the m^iTh- and rMled sm^ch where 



the surface from the stiffness of the soil may incline 

 to be cloddy, to prevent the fly — and where the weeds 

 have been completely destroyed at the outset, and kept 

 out of the field, — failures have been estrcmly rate. 

 Planting in drills, ridging, or sowing broadcast, orecf 

 secondary consideration, though drilling is to be pre- 

 ferred where practicable; and ridging is useful on 

 shallow soils, or thoae inclining to too much moisture. 



Ofditi'eieni operations already commenced and in 

 progress, the tollowiiig must be closely attended to :— 



Keep your beet and carriot crops perfectly free fiom 

 weeds, especially when they ore young. 



Thin them out at proper distances in the low. 



Give corn fields early and frequent cultivation. 



Andreiiiember ihat^i'tor^'z early drcE8ings,tocorn, 

 or any other crop, are quite aa cheap oa one tedioua 

 and laborious one, after the weeds arc a foot high and 

 as thick us grass on a meadow; — 



And benefit the crop incomparably more. 



And in all work with lioes, lenieniber that a touch 

 on the grindstone, at leaai once a day, is strict econo* 

 my, and great comfort to the laborer. 



Canada thistles must be mowed before seeding to 

 prevent spreading; — and to destroy them, keep them 

 constantly below ground by ploughing or otherwise, 

 and they will soon be smothered and destroyed. 



All other troubletome weeds should be wttched, 

 and destroyed. 



Keep in mind the importance of frequently stirring 

 the soil about cultivated crops — and let all young and 

 newly transplanted fruit trees be well hoed about, and 

 kept clear of all grass and weeds. • 



The Weather ol' Way 



Has been no less remarkable than in the preceding 

 months. The teinperaiure of the fust half was 44, S8, 

 ot the second half 63,04. Of May 1840, was 50,62, 

 64,87. 



The first half continued to be cool, vegetation made 

 very slow progress, tome trees and planus shot forth 

 their flowers and their leaves. From Thursday the 

 20th, when the warm ^^eother began to appear with 

 some power, vegetation put forth with astonishing ra- 

 pidity, plums, cheiriee, apples and quinces followed 

 in rapid succession, indeed some apple flowers appeor- 

 cd with the late peach bloteoms. The same plum trees 

 which lost year blossomed fully on April 26th, were 

 this year in full bloom May 21st. Some cherries blos- 

 somed fully in the morning, began to drop their petals 

 in the afternoon, and the next day shov.-ed clearly their 

 fruit. Tbeleavcsond flower stalks of the Horse Cbea- 

 nut burst forth on the 21et, and in four or five days tha 

 blssiins were lully formed. The rapidity with which 

 the forests were covered with foliage, was unpniollel- 

 ed in this region. The earth was covered as in a day, 

 with its verdniu carpet. It required constant attention 

 to keep up with the profusion and variety of the flow- 

 ers. In (en days more the sc.nson will be nearly as 

 forward ns usual. The mean temoerature of the 

 month was 45,30, and of 1840 was 57,97. The Bar- 

 ometer has stood almost at the same point, 29,50, (o r 

 ihe!a<.thnlfnf»h»ni?n'h. C. DEWRY. 



