104 



THE NEW GENESEE FARMER, 



Vol. 2. 



To Jlr. Jamc8 Grccy, of Ki.'in, England, for arOe sown now, biood coei like onie, nnd will afford un 



ROCIIESTCK, JULV, 1841. 



Our Aim and JExi>ectiitioii8. 



When ibe New Gem see Knrmer waa comnicnL-ed, 

 the publieiiers announced thai tUey ebould aim to 

 luako it the moei useful and most exteunivcly circula- 

 ted o>;nculiural paper in the country; and, allhongh 

 tome may have thoii;;bt this savored a little of egotism, 

 we arc willing to repeat the aESertioii, and do bo Willi 

 an oESuraiice of enccess immediately in prosiiect. It 

 is nnncceeaary to mention here wbat our friends eny 

 respecting out labors tbUii far; we only wish at prce- 

 •nt, to inform our readers tbat euch arrangements are 

 now making as we hare the ntmoet confidence will 

 fully accomplish the objects named. Our circula 

 tion is now double what it was last year, and we have 

 good reason to believe that next year it will be double 

 what it is tUia; or in other words, that we shall print 

 »nd circulatt about '10,000 copies per month I Djcs 

 any one say "it can't bs done ?" We reply, tkcicuril 

 can't is not in our rocnbidury, and we espcct, next 

 snonlU to niaka all this appear reasonable. 



One word in the eors of our readers, 0° Pleasp 

 t«!l your friends and neighbors that we have now a 

 »upply of Vol. I. nnd Vol. II. from the commence 

 ment, but tiiia will iini be the case many months, and 

 gome%7ill repent it if they do not subscribe soon. We 

 hay* no time for stereatyping or reprinting back 

 rumbets. PUBLISHERS. 



interesting letter received some time since, and th 

 annual ri.'port of the Nonnington Farmer's Club. 



To some kind friends in London, lor valuable En- 

 >rli(h books and papers. 



To TliomaB Allleck, one of the editors of the Wes- 

 tern Farmer and Gardener, Cincinnati, for a copy ol 

 "Bee-breeding in the AVest," a Email manual, intcnd- 

 eil ae an accoMipaniineiit to the "Subtended bee hive,'' 

 well calculated to increase ihe sicrels of ruia! life. 



To J. D. Bemis, Canandaigua, for several inter- 

 esting papers, among them a catalogue of teacherc 

 and pupilsof the Ontario Female Semmary, an insti- 

 tution which we are happy to know discrte^, as well 

 as receives, the liberal patronage of the community 



Scarcity oC Fo<l<lei-"»t?t'a'ioiiab!c Iliuts. 



Farmers wl;n "work it right," will of course take 

 measures to provide sutlicient food for their livestock 

 the coming winter, and endeavor, as far as possible, to 

 make up for the deficiency of hay and the failure of 

 tiome other crops. It is trot yet loo late to sow mi 

 — it produces both grain and fodder. Corn may also 



abundance of the best of fodder. [EF See remarks , 

 on ibeee subjects in another part of this paper. 



Those who have not sown any root crops, or have 

 lost them, should r.ow sow luia bagas — juat in time — 

 and if they fail, eow English turnips about the middle 

 or latter part of the month. Much time has been lost 

 this season by the farnieis and their crops, and both 

 must now exert thetiiselves to the utmost, or winter 

 wili find them unprepared. We advii^e onr reade.s, 

 therefore, to bestir themselvcB, and keep stirring, and 

 above all to i/ir the giounJ often among their corn 

 and other cultivated crops. 



Sales of Bcrlcshircs. 



Mr. Lossing of this city, informs us, that he has 

 reeeiilly sold his fnmoUB bieedinti sow Maxima^ to Mr. 

 Curd of Keniueky, lor the handsome sum of $!.'iUO. 

 The animal is well known to breeders of Berkshire, 

 ns one of the largest of her kind in this country. Mr. 

 Lossing has also sold his imported boar Newberry, to 

 the same gentleman, lor §t'200. He was shipped a 

 lew days since, and weighed, including cage, tibUlba. 

 — Mbuny Cidtlctitor, 



•'Dowuins's Landscape Gardenin;;, 



Adr-pted to Nurtli AinrrUa. leiik ii. view lo the liii- 

 proremcnt i*f CoinUnj R. sii/ruccSj and with rc- 

 piarlisun Rural Architecture." 



It is with no little satisfaction that we announce to 

 our readers the appearance of the above work, from 

 the pen of our gifted friend, A J. Dovv.ii.ng, of New- 

 bnrgh. 



We have had opportunity but lor a hasty glance at 

 tie contents; and wish our readers could have shared 

 •ur enjoyment, and we may add, pride, as we looked 

 over this truly elegant voUime, The engravings are 

 very creditable to our aitisie, and the quality of the 

 paper, and the mechanical execution generally, leave 

 nothing to be desired. 



The arrangement appears to us very simple andju- 

 dicious, and so far as we have examined, his subject is 

 treated in such a manner as to show a just conce|ition 

 ijf the wants and means of this, as distinguished from 

 {^urepcqn countries. His motto is, 



?' Insult not Nature Willi a'lsurd cxpenge, 

 iKiir s[)oi) iiej- uiiiiple cliiirina tiy v.-iin [ircteaee. 

 IVejgti well IU<^ sulijeot, be witli e.-iution boltl, 

 l*rofu9c of genius, not profuue of gold," 



Bni Vfc must defer further notice until our m-xt num- 

 ker, which we liesign to enrich with extracts from the 

 vark. 



THE I>EA3fST03r (SCOTCIS) SUBSOIIi PliOlGH. 



The Subsoil Plough, we believe, is destined to efTect a greater improvement in Airwirican agriculture ihaj 

 any other implement that has been invented or introduced of late years. We published last month, the re 

 marks of Mr. Phinney on subsoil ploughing; and we now copy from the Farmers' Cabinet simc additions 

 observations oir the subject^ together with a representation of the Scotch Subsoil Plough. We have tee: 

 'hese implemems, both in Scotland and England. Those in the latter cmntry were mostly of a better an 

 more wieldy coit^truetiou than the tormer; and we have no doubt but that a still better nnd cheaper article fo 

 the purpose will soon be manufactured in this country. We intend to give representations of several modelc 

 in hopes to call forth the iiigenuilij, constructiveness and cnterjirise of some of our renders. 



The Deanstoii Plough. 



"The plough from whenet the above drawing ha^ 

 been made, was brought to this country and depositee' 

 in the Franklin Institute by the Iste jnnies Ronald ; 

 son. Esq. It ie a gigantic implement, measuring I'J' 

 feeiG inches in length, constructed throughout of 

 wrought iron, weighing upwards of HOO lbs., am', 

 aiiable of rooting up stones of two hundred pound 



iiig, the land can be laid to give a gradtiiil fah 

 hroughuut its irhule length — a matter of the highes 

 luipottance in the cultivation of every soil." 



From the Xcic England Farmtr 

 Snh'ioW Ploiiyh. 



On Thursday last, we siient the afternoon ii- 

 holding the plough. The work was on land wbicl 



weight; it is intended for a team of 4 or 0, or evenllhiis been long pastured. The surface nioEsy, tLt 

 eight horses or oxen, when it might be let down to theJMward tender, the soil light. The subsoil partly c 

 depth of the beam. But much of the sjil of oui Ijloose and fine giavel and partly a yellow loom. Witl: 

 country would be cHeeti:ally worked with an iustru ! ;wo yoke of oxen we ploughed one half an acre witb 



Acltnou Icdgntcuts. 



Oar iinosre thanks arc due to Mr. Charles Down- 

 ing, of Newburgh, for a copy of hia brother's beauti- 

 ftil work on Landscape Gardening, and a copy of 

 liindley's Theory of Horticulture, republished, with 

 notes by Dr. Gray and A. J. Downing. More about 

 these hereafter. 



Wo are also indebted to Hon. II. h. KHsworth, f<ir 

 (in^al pfloka09' of eaetli. 



meiitof far less mngnitiidc, constructed chiefly ol[ 

 wjod and properly ironed, the 6"/c m shnrc, probably,! 

 being of cacL iron; the length ot the handles being in 

 proportion to the weight of tho plough to oe raised by 

 means of their Icrernge. 



"Sub oil ploughing has formed in Europe — as it it 

 destined to do in this and every other country — a ne« 

 era in agrieulture; it is apphcnble to all soils, art! 

 even in the most sandy will bo found of surperlative 

 importance, preventing the disease called the stud ie 

 wheal, which is eupjiosed to arise from a superabun- 

 dance of moisture which cannot pass away, by reas^ui 

 of some imjiervious s.ubslratum, until it hns ehilleii 

 and deadened the roots of the plants and brought on n 

 mortifieati'-in ol their sap-vessels; the disea.-e is in 

 some parts known as the Hunts or stunned. It is un- 

 derstood that the subsoil plough docs not turn ihe fur- 

 row — it passes along the oiicn furrow made by thi 

 common plough, rooting up the bottom to any depth 

 it might be put to, thus leaving it stirred and pulvcr 

 laed, to form a bed of loosened soil, into which the 

 lower or ttp roots of the plants might [lenetrale, when 

 they will easily liiid moisture in seasons of the great 

 est drought, and from wiience it is ptnnpcd up by theii' 

 for the supp'y of the lateral roots, which are destinei' 

 to aeek/(if)(/ in the upper stratum of the earlh, Thi 

 subsoil plough will be found, in many cases, to tak< 

 ih^ place of undcrdrainiug, especially if on plough , 



Howard's I'ioiigh E, '2, to the depth of 7 inches, andi 

 subsoiletl w iili Howard's subsoil plough about 7 inches. I 

 We found that JO inches of sulisoiling, wiih whiel 

 we coninieiiced, would worry the team. I'he stir- 

 ring of the earth to the depth of Vi or 14 inches, wt 

 thought that miglit be an improvement upon challow 

 ploughing. And where it con be done as chcnply r,( 

 in this instance, theexptrinient is not costly. Biiloui 

 ease must not be taken as a lair instance of dii-patcb, 

 for the fiurows weie 40 lods long upon a plain, and 

 the ploughs were changed only 14 times in the hah, 

 'lay. Ordinarily, where it is a day's work to breaki 

 up an ncie, it will take more than two days to break 

 up nnd sub;oil ihe same. In a few spots where the 

 suheoil was slightly rocky, the subsoil plough appeared; 

 to be moved more easily by the team than any wherei 

 I ise. 



The extent to which the earth was stirred by ihfi, 

 new implement, surprised us. The siven incli fur- 

 row was scarcely three inches deep after ihis plottgh 

 had been passed under it. 



We have strong faith that this instrument will comci 

 into extensive use. It is true that no great leliance 

 should be placed upon theories until conliiiiied by ex- 

 periinent; nnd we are not inclined to devote niiteht 

 ,pace lo the praise of this implement ihe present 80»- 

 son; but should onr nmicipations be fulfilled we hope 

 10 be peiniittfd lo uryo its use another vcm. 



