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gviajursj ^ ^ 



Tin: NEW GENESi'E FAR.MEU, 



OL. 2l 



For t-'ie yeio Genetee Farmer. 

 NaturnI rhilosophy. 



Why in il iliat eo lilile niteiilioD Is bcEtowcd in 

 etadying ibe Worlis olGod ly which wi a-e siir- 

 rminiiwil H"W can ilit- i'mver nml Goodness <if ibt 

 Al:iiiglity te rnon- gl.iijDiisly eXL'itiplilicd ibnn by re 

 ferenec to ibe Skill and Uttlgii mouifcsted thruugb- 

 oul all Nnlure'? 



From the iniiiniCBt to the migbtieet, the works of 

 the Creator arc every "here cbarncterized by the 

 wise adaptation of means to ends— by irnitaof Wiedotn 

 and BcnefiL-ence which proclaim with "silent elo- 

 quence" the glory of the EtcjnsI God. 



The Farmer is less excusable than any other man 

 for neglecting the wide field of Praclicul Wisdom liir- 

 nished f.ir bis contempletion by the objects constant- 

 ly spread before Lis eyes. The Earth and the Hea- 

 vens — from ibe soil and the dews of which bis har- 

 vests are l)le«sed — are everywhere replete with won- 

 ders. The millions of worlds which glisten around 

 him, are ecarccly more womlcrful than the animal- 

 cule which sport in thousands tb.rough a drop of wa- 

 lerl 



The study of Natural Philosophy is replete with in. 

 terest and instruction — it cheers the heart, elevates 

 the mind, and promotes the love of God and man in 

 the human heart. It should be one of the prominent 

 studies in our schools, for nothing could more effect- 

 ually enlist the interests and affections of the young 

 — it should be a frequent theme in the sacred desk, 

 for what more powerful auxiliary could Religion 

 have in securing the attention and dignifying the 

 charnc'.er of manhood? 



Let the Fanner consider well this matter— consult 

 some of tlie writers celebrated in Natural Science — 

 ex3rciae his own powers of observation and retlection — 

 and he will never regret that he has read this article, 

 if what we write shall have the slighteat tendency to 

 encourage him in " looking through Nature to Na- 

 ture's G^d." ROCHESTER. 



Fortlt^ i^'cKl Genesee Farmer. 

 Education-" Agrlcaltiire~Correct feeling 

 well expressed. 



MKsttis. Editors — Much b"S been said andwrittir: 

 on the t-ubject of the educaiiun of the young of our 

 country : ami I am happy in the belief that a change 

 ha'4 been wrought upon the public inird, on this ini- 

 portaiu tubje.-t. So much has been said by persons 

 cnpn'le of doing the subject justice, that it seems al- 

 most useless lor me to say anything: Bull con-rider 

 it of so much imporMnce, that I am anxious that it 

 should be kept before the public mind. 



A few years since, a large portion of onr citizens 

 seemed to think it eervile and mean to labor in any 

 copviity — and rsp'ciaily as n farmer or mechnnic. 

 Our young men ceemcd lo bo benl upon getting n 

 livng 'without work." And our yonng women, 

 wbi'n niiy thing bnijpened to be said about " woik," 

 seemed very cnrefuj, if perehnncc they had been 

 guilty of sucli a crime, not to let it be known. This, 

 I adin'l, wns more genernlly the case among a cer- 

 tain clnsj — a sort of " \vou!d-lie somebidics." 



I ain ill llie belief that the public mind litis changed 

 oil this siibjrct You ni;" lad. OS seem not so fcnifiil 

 that it slioll be known that they attend to houach.ild 

 duties: And younu' men, instead of begging a sitiia 

 tion behind a counter or in some musty ofiice, seem 

 willing to employ themselves in that more noble and 

 useful avocation — ihe cultlvai on of the soil I say 

 " ii'orc n )li!'j'' — because what is more noble than for 

 man to cultivate those plan's and animaU tliat God 

 hfs given him to exist and luxuriate upon? nnd in do- 

 ing wh'ch he may more forcibly sec the divine good- 

 incisaitd raetojF esemplifuKi ia its hoMowiucnts upon 



Bi sides, it is expressly declared that '• niitu sh/ill 

 cam hie bread by the Eweal of Lis brow." Now it is 

 perfeci'y plain that bread cannot be obtained except 

 by the ■'sweat of the brow." Some of us must 

 w.irk, or we all unrvt: And who dots not know that 

 the powers and fccultics of both body and mind are 

 much more vigorous when we subject nureclvcs to 

 manual labor? The idea that hard labor cannot be 

 endured by uB, is all iinaglr.ary. A sound bcalihy 

 person can work, and he eanrwt enji.y all the bless- 

 ings of health wiihoui working to some extent. 



Let the idea that all healthy persons cannot labor 

 according to their strength, vanish — and let all idlers 

 ■'cease to do evil and le.irn to do well." I under- 

 stand that the decree, ''man shnll earn his bread," &c. 

 includes oil men; and that ail men are in duty bound 

 to supply themselves with the staff of life, as far as is 

 possible. 1 do not say that all shall be farmers, or 

 mechanics, orofany particular culling; but that cnch 

 should cam his own living honoiably: And 1 am 

 quite sure that there can be no more honorable or 

 sure way of getting a com; etence, than by cultivating 

 the soil. 



Cut, gentlemen, os I am a new-comer, I will not 

 trespass upon your patience longer. It has been said 

 of some of our most eminent men, they weie always 

 brief, and spoke to the point. Would it not be well 

 for ns all, and csiiecially our legislators, to think of 

 this? 



With my best wishes for your success and the ad- 

 vancement o( agriculture, Iain, yours, 



A FARMER. 



Orleans Co., July,lS4l. 



For the 3>a> Gcjiesee Farmer. 



More Large Pigs. 



RIkssrs. EiiiTOFs— I am a new subscriber to your 

 valuable poper, and have just received the back num- 

 bers of the current volume. On looking over the 

 M^rch number I observed an account of some very 

 ihrii'ty pigs raised by Mr. Sheldon Cook of Genesee 

 county, who asks if any person h.';o raised larger, of 

 no greater age. Also, -me by Mr. Ssmuel Lundy of 

 Waterloo, who challent;' * '-he Beikshiies to beat his. 



Now, I hope these gendemen will pardon me if 1 

 say I think I have outdone them. I slaughtered four 

 pigs, January 1st., that weighed, when dressed, i:'.79 

 I'js., being an avciage of r!445 lbs. each, or separately 

 as follows: 306, 324, 363, 3S6. Tbi-y were only ten 

 months and eight days old, and were a cross of the 

 Berkshire and common Isr^-e breed. I think such o 

 cross is a great improvement, and goes aLejd ol the 

 full bloods. 



I am only n young farmer, but I have had conside- 

 rable experience ill fatting hogs; nnd I have one word 

 of advice to give to my brother farmers on the sub- 

 ject. iLr Fat more spring pigs, and not so many old 

 bogs. Try the experiment, as I have, and you will 

 become satisfied that more ond better pork can be 

 mnde, with far less expense, from young than from 

 old hogs. Attention to this point is particularly ne. 

 cessary with those persons who feed bu: a small num- 

 ber, and where the irouUe and expense ot wintering 

 store hogs is an important consideration. 

 Ve;y Respectfully, 



JOIl.\ SHATTUCK. 



Oc/ord, Chertanso eo., N. Y., June, 1841. 



How to Ascertain the Age of Horses. 



An esteemed corres;)"ndeiil reques'.:, us to publish 

 directions for discovering the age of horses. The 

 following answer must su.'^ice for this month — when 

 we find a better we will g'vc it: — 



In purcbasiiinr a horse, not the least important 

 mutter is lo be nblc to tell his age. In transfers ot 

 ordinary farm and sadtlle h iri-es, great impositions are 

 nftwn prsctistd wpon ths oredulotis mid OHinitidted 



iij 



purchaser. Ti>pievent ilie, to k:; gieat an eAtii: 

 po5--ib!e for the tulure, i« the object of this commu 

 cation to the publ.c. The in ist cerf ;i r . s cf; 



ccru.inii.g iheege of hu.si. is .i. ixmi.ii.- ii.i.chaii, 

 wiiicb take pliice with the teeth. The iwelie fti 

 t eib begin to shoot in about two weeks ofn t the e 

 is foaled. Thise are called colt teeth and are slitd 

 dilil-rent periods and replaced by ctbe.s. Whm ll 

 colt is about two years nnd a half old, the four m -, 

 die once come oul; in about niio'.her year, f ur othen r' ,i 

 are lost — ond in anotiier )car, or wh n the horsed *•" 

 lour and a half years old, the four Inst are ehcdi "''" 

 Thete Inst are replaced by what are called corner teeth ""■', 

 They are hollow, ond have a black nioik in their caw- ^"'^ 

 ity. They ore scaicely visible, and the civity deep; ''^-' = 

 when the hirse is lour and a half jenis old, they bo ^^ 

 2in to fill when be is sixand a half, nnd the nioik ccnJ 

 liniially dimiiiiirheB and contiacis, till the horsj it ' 

 seven or eight years old, when the ca\ ity tills up unc '-'' 

 the black nioik is obliteioled. The hoise ocquiie) ','*" 

 his canine teeth or ivsltcs about his fifth year. Th< ^ 

 two in the ii>wcr jnw begin to appcor when he is bo- ^-^^ 

 iweeii 3 or 4 yeaisold, and those in the upper jaw (**, 

 five or six months alter. They continue veiy shirp *•"' 

 pointed till six. At ten, the upper seem bInntcdJ !*•* 

 worn out ond long, the gum leaving them gradually; 

 the barer tbiy arc ihe older the horse. J'rom ten lo 

 ti-'urtecii, it is ddricult to tell the horse's age — .it ii -• 

 sulVuijnt then to know that he is old, and under tb<i 

 bard treatment which is given to borfes generally, 

 the conclusion will be s soiie one il ot he is worth bu 

 little.— &u Cult. EQUESTRIAN. 



iiJ 



Isii 

 lilu 



An Address on American AgricuKnre, 



_ Before the American Institute, in New York, Apri 

 14, 1841, by Henry Colinan, is an able and interest 

 ing production, in the i)eciiliarl_v pleasant style of th' 

 author. We moke the following extract : 



.\merican Agriculture rtarts in the race of improve 

 ment in the enjoyment of singular odvnntages, bavinj 

 the benefit of all the improvements and dibcoveties o 

 the philosophers and practical ogriculturists ot thi 

 old world. The Agriculture of Europe differs fron 

 that of this country on account of differences of dim 

 ale and .-oils, and by vorioue circumstances in th. 

 social coTiuition, cbarocier and wants of the people.— 

 But the great jirincipled of vegetation and cu.'tivatioj 

 are every wboie the soine. Their ren:arkohIe im 

 provements in the redemption of unproductive, wosl' 

 ond wet soils, in the irrigation of lands, in drniiiin) 

 and sub-soil phjughing, in the composting and com 

 pounding of monurus, in the u?e of mineral manuiee 

 and more espccioliy in thi- improvement oi their liv- 

 stock, omnunting nlinosl to the creation ol new race 

 •it cattle, sheep andsivine, will not only stimulate ou 

 exertions, but serve as examples for our guidLiice un 

 der the qualifications, which the pceuliaritics of ou; 

 bitiioiion require. 



The Ficnch and Germans, if their progress has no 

 been as great as that of Great Britain, ore now ad 

 V!incin_', in a course uf improvement in Agricultur 

 with on equal step. In the ajiplicatlon of Cheniistr; 

 to Agriculture, in C' mp'arnti\e onatomy nnd botany 

 in exact experiments, in the institution of mode 

 forms, where the most inipoiinnt agricultural experi 

 iiientb ore carefully going on under the sujiervision o 

 saline of I'uC most sulightcned men of the ogc, and Q 

 the cxpeiibo of the state, and in eti'orts and provisiont 

 lo creaie or. interest in the art and to extend any in- 

 fbrmniion, which is ocijuired ; and et-peci(dly, by i 

 systematic arrangement ond orgoniz'ition throughou 

 the kingdom, by which agricuhurol iiitiirmali.jn ii 

 collected from every Bourc, ond ognin tent ou 

 ihiongh the arteries into every part of the (-oliiica 

 bodi', the French nation is at this time in advance o 

 all others. 



Ann rican Agriculture, though compnrntively in iti 

 infancy, bovmg ehv.ays had to struggle with the diffi. 

 -ulties I'f 11.-1 _^ca, itol .-md high prices of labor, may no- 

 vertlieless lesiiril itself with a good deal of sotir-faciion 

 Theeailic i j;.iblica;i..n on American Aaricullure wci 

 .nude in ITtiO ; and Eliot's Essoyson F.eld liusbondrj 

 will be rend with interest ond instruction for ages td 

 come. RIossochusetts, Pennsylvonio, and New Yorki 

 early established Agricultural tocietics, oflcred libersli 

 preii iiims for succeseful ext.enineiits in agriculture, 

 nnd held cattle shows and ploughing niatebce, which 

 have awakened n strong interest ond created a mosi 

 salutary competition. These three states, in the re- 

 ports nud incmoirsol their agricultural societies, have 

 given to the public more than twenty-three volumesj 

 of instructive nnd useful matter. Deane, Lowell and 

 PIckeiiiiir. in .Mns.-nolmsetis, Livingston, L'Horarai. 

 (lieu and I 'o nek in New York, Peters, Mease, Lorain 

 and I'oweil in Peims^'lvani'B, Stiles and Hwrajibreiw 



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