No. 9. 



AM) GARDENER'S JOURNAL. 



133 



Treasurer. — Bcnjr.inin iloUgr. of Bl.nck Uoek. 



Kxb-curiVE CoMM-.TTKh:, — I^ldscs Case, Ahlcn ; Rol;crt 

 Person, Aurora; ,J(ili Heslow, Ainbersl; Reuben ti. Hca- 

 cock, Uutfiilo ; UcHj.-.inin H. Ifcslcs, BotHon ; Joh llaseall, 

 ISraiit-, Atnicr Urjatil, liUick liock^ Oraamu« Warren, Cla- 

 rcnco; Gardner J. Kijii), Clieektuwaga ; UirJiarU .*Sueet, 

 CoUle;i ; Samuel Tucker, Collins ; linocli S. Fry, Concord ; 

 Levi litintiiig, E Icii ; Aaron t^alislmry* Kviins; Dr.vid I". 

 White. Huniiiur^li ; Ifl;..ie Uuiuplirey, Uollaiid; CIc<nenl 

 ake:ce, Luucastcr; VMiinm Millrt, Nevvslend^ Ilela II. 

 Cnleyrove, Sar.linia ; Uriel Driggs, TonttwanJa ; Henry iJ. 

 Stevens, Wales. 



Niagara Connty AgricuMnral Society. 



(Organized Jurie -3ri, ISII J 



LIST OF OFFICERS. 



pRE^IDF:^•T.— Willijun Paraoita. 



Vice 1*kesidknts.— . Jirisloptier Skej^'Ies, John Gould. 



CuRRBSPONDiNG Si;l'Ri:taI'.v — Jocl McColium. 



8l I'RurARY. — David S. Crandall. 



Thkasirkr. — Wiilinm I*. Brown. 



Kcsvtccd, That the foliowtrigeonipotre the Executiv»eoin- 

 nlue,'! ; Tiiiioihy Uiickus, i)r. Townsend, Richard SncM, 

 jn-k|iorti Williaio I'rccnKUi, Alausori T. Odetl, Ixwis B. 

 lurton, Rovalton ; iMartiR t?. Douglass. Samuel Cidcmnii. 

 . W. Bftiicock^ Somerset i; Sainncl Deveairt, Theodore 

 V'hilncy, Gen. P. Whitney, Niagara ; !!5icphe« Baker, W. 

 Vliecter, Harry Harrington, llartland; Janica Wisner, 

 'eter M'*ColliMn, Thomas W, ."Merritt, New F;inc; Daniel 

 hvight, D;inicl Hohnes, Morgan Johnso^, Wilsou -, \. iM. 

 Vard, John Sweeney, Henry Miller, Wheatland ; John 



la|is.iddle, Leverctt Bristol, Jacoh i>iooi. Porter; liiifus 



piiidiTif, Alexander Dickerson, Eli Plater, Lewiston ; Hi- 

 im McNeil, Daniel W. Cra()sry, David GouM, Caiubriu; 



arofi Piirsitns, John Baker. .Mfred Pool, PeJidleton, 



(Anuuul Ice of uieinher&hip fifty cents.) 



Ijiviiigslou County Ajjricullural Society. 



The Fair of this society \vill Le held at Gencsen on the 

 Mday of 0-;tober. Owing to the lateness of the senson, it 

 as deemed iuexiTeilient to offer prcminms on crops this 

 buta liljeral amour.t will be awarded for alt kinds of 

 rm slock, implements, domestic manufactured goods, &c 

 LIST OF OFFICERS. 



PRESinENT. — AVilii.llU A SItlli?. 



Vice I'RE-^iDFSx^. — Holloway Long James S. Wods- 

 rlli, D:inlel II. Filzhueh. 

 tlEcoiinixo StcRKTARY.^C II. Bry.iH. 



UORRESiMNDlNQ ScCRETARY. — C. U. UuntL 



rRE.wL'RKR.— \Ilcfi .Ayrault. 



U.iSiUER3 — M. Dronks, Mount Morris; S. W. Smitll 

 arta; .11 II. C'arron, GrovelaiKh W. H. Spencer, York; 

 . \V. Waiisworth. Gciiesco; W. \V. W'ooster, Lciccs- 

 ; Ileclor Hitchcock, Coneaus ; l-^dn-ard A. Le Roy. Calc- 

 li.'H Asliarl ^varncr, Lima; H. tS. Tyler, fipringwater ; 

 man Giliba, Lironia; J.jlin Li. Tainpkliiks, .-Vvon. 

 Vo\v\ Ciiinuiittee, — Cornelius SiicparU. Jun. Reuben 

 utres and Cliarlo? Coll, Grneseo ; .\ltVed Hubbard, \\'ni. 

 Morg:;n, .Moses Bar ron, 3Iout Morris ; Cliarles :5lieparil, 

 la. S;.itt, \" ra. ^. FuUerton, .^lorgnn HamnionrI, Sparta ; 

 \V. >IoNair, John U hite, v\ in. Kwart, CJrovelaiid; 

 ahel H. Warner, Jasper Marvin, .Samuel .Stevens, Lima; 

 aes Campbell, John .\danis, Uuel L, B-ake, Livonia; 

 •kcr 11. Pier^-e, Horatio Dyer. Zen.-vi Ashley, Sprinewa- 

 ; J(dirl Ht-nderson. James De Craw, Jothani Clark, Con- 

 US; Col. Ciiyler, Jerediail ilorsford, .^llcn Sniead. Lei- 

 *.er ; John Hallow:iy, Jauics Dow, Wnt. Craig, John 

 *s, VV. tS'cwnrt J.-ijnes l» Harris anj A. McRc.in, York; 

 Lacy, T. n. Xewbold Jidm McKay, Caledonia ; John 

 Idey, AsaNowlen, Ira^Ierrill. 



AVayue Coauty Agiicnltural Society. 



ilc.Vnnua! Fair of this Society is advertised to be held 

 ewark on tlis ITth day of October, AVe have mit seen 

 It of tiie olfioors but they have published & respectable list 

 retniiKns, and ought lo have the co-operatio:i and sup- 



of llie t'armers of Wayne. Tiiey can get up a good e-\- 

 :ioa if ihv^y try ; nrd now lUat aid is given by the State, 



surelv triU try. 





11.*: 

 lilt;'''' 



\:m 



The Dronght. 

 .ccording to our recollections, no drought na se- 

 5 as ibe iiieseiit one, has occnrred in this district 

 hin tlio last tliiity-ei.x years. Periods of longer 

 ation witliQut rain to saturRte tbe soil, periinps 

 e happened, but they have been later in the sea- 

 , when tlie heat waa less intense; and the greater 

 :tb of the nights alfordeJ some refreshment to the 

 |Ib and pastures, 



|he following statsment may serve to show how sea- 



I of similar character often cluster together: In 



jfaU of the year liii), having been scant of water 



lur cattle, not only in that season but in several 



preceded it, v.e dag a well nearly fitly t.-^et deep, 



found an abundant supply. So wet have been 



ittinmers since tint time however, that we have 



'■r dra Afn n p3n.''al, having kept it closed as one of 



iK-n'm; but it will now probably soon be opened. 



uln;: wells have beome very low. 



!3 c j'ecis of the drojght are not only visible in 

 i' ironms, and the dusty rurfacc of the g.oun-I, but 



some trees are absolutely dying of thirst, and a few 

 others dropping their leaves as in autumn. Where 

 the leaves simply fall, tno branch will retain iis vital- 

 ity; but when they dry on the tree, it ia death. 



Yet notwithstanding these appearances on hard 

 uncultivated soil, wherever the ground has been made 

 mellow to « good depth, we have never seen young 

 grow faster, or eccm to lulTer less with drought. 

 Some peach trees in parii«ular, have made great 

 growths; and even now while the meadows and pas. 

 tures are parched, their vegetation ia in the height of 

 its vigor. 



Not less encouraging is the appearance of some 

 field beets that were not forgotten. It has been well 

 said that a men can produce more moisture by bis 

 hoe than by his pail: in other words, it requires less 

 labor to keep up a healthy vegetation by making the 

 ground mellow, than by carrying water. Wc think 

 the tiuth of this proposition may be casilyjshown. If 

 rich ground be well boed once a month, it becomes a 

 fountain of itself, to the plants that stand on it. Turn 

 it up in the driest and hottest weather, it will be 

 found moist; while a hard heavy soil will require wa- 

 tering every day. 



A hard heavy soil cracks open In time of drought; 

 exposes the roots to the sun and air; and allows the 

 moisture from the depth of the fracture to cvaporate- 

 It possesses very little absorbent power. A light 

 shower can hardly penetrate it from ahoTc, or the 

 moisture rise up into it from Idoic. On the reverse, 

 a deep mellow soil never cracks open, exposes no 

 roots, and the moisture that rises from below enters 

 the whole mass of loose earth, and supplies the plants 

 aa they require it. But such a soil also imbibes 

 moistura from the atmosphere; and, like a sponge, 

 yields it to the roots while it imbibes more. It is a 

 perpetual though an invisible fountain. 



Another cause however, should be taken into view. 

 Every weed or blade of grass, operates like a pump 

 to draw out and dissipate its moisture ; and from this 

 heavy loss well cultivated ground is exempt. Fur. 

 ihcr when decaying weeds are mixed with the soil, 

 they increase its absorbent power, so that instead of 

 diminishing, they add to its nutriment, 



Perhaps some qualification to these remarks shonld 

 be m.ade on account of some plants rcquring more 

 moisture than others. While wc were writing the 

 above we have hod f'liit trees chiefly in view, round 

 which the soil may ' :well cultiv.ited without cutting 

 llie roots; but eoniv other objects of culture, even 

 with the best hoeint; would scarcely produce good 

 crops in a severe drought. We think indeed that all 

 the soap-suds from the wueh-tub may be profitably 

 applied to many jdams in the kitchen gnrden at such 

 a lime as this; and that the cucumber, i)Otato, and 

 Mbbage, would pay well both for culture and for 

 drink. t 



Facts arsd DeiiioiiStratUms, in Opposition 

 to Speculative Opinious ou the Culture of 

 t^ilk. 



MtisKS EoiTORs-I last week promised you some com- 

 munication on the subject of Mulberry and Silk Cul- 

 ture, but incessant occupation has hindered mo trom 

 fulfiling my engagement. Tou sre aware of my re 

 luctance to writing for publication, i am unoccus- 

 tomed to it; and have felt n reluctance to add to the 

 mass of speculative and inconclusive matter v/hich 

 has been thtown upon the public during the past ten 

 years. I aek therefore duo indulgence while I now 

 proceed to coinply with your suggestion, with all con- 

 eislent brevity. 



My farm of 8G acres lies within the corporate limits 

 of Brockport, bounded upon the r.orth by the Erie 

 Canal, and situated in the somh'.-ast part of the village. 

 L'poa it is a mu'beri'y pl.iniation, occupying about six 

 acres nnd coudisiing of about rqml pro^iortions of the 



two species of Mulberry, best known viz : Mortis 

 Alba and Morus Multicaulis — cornmoitced with both 

 kinds in my garden in 1833 and upon my farm in 

 I83G — adjacent to the plantation I h!i(ve this season 

 fitted up in a barn erecied lastscason, partly with a 

 view to this object— a cocoonery, &c., ciiibrncing a 

 loft and garret 42 by 22, a preparatory room on the 

 first floor, and basement for leaves, in which is a fur- 

 nace for keeping up a proper temperature in the feed- 

 ing deparmeut. 



'I'he cocoonery is fitted up with the feeding and 

 spinning framea and np|i.Trnius, invented and patented 

 last season, by Edmund Morris, Esq. of Burlington, 

 N. J. The establishment altogether, fiirniohes pretty 

 concUtsive facts in illustration of the following propo- 

 sitions, viz: 



That in Western New York, tho culture of Silk, 

 is a perfectly practical and profitable bueincee: 



That in order to tendi^r it so, reliance must bo pla- 

 ced upon about an equal proportion of the Morus al- 

 ba, or some other hardy variciy,and the Morus multi- 

 caulis. 



That tho Morus alba may be transplanted at any 

 nge not exceeding 7 years, (my perience,) and that 

 at any age after the 3d year, its foilage inay be used 

 with htntfit to the tree — that by the best method of de- 

 tatching the leaf, (pruning shoots,) it may be fed 

 without injuring the tree until rendered unfit by frost. 

 That the Multicaulis on suitable soU and aspect, 

 needs no protection from winter. 



That its adaptation to the worm depends upon ita 

 management. 



That it succeeds admirably by being grafted upon 

 the root of tho Morus alba, upon soil.' and locitions 

 unsafe, where standing upon its own root. 



That it may be transplanted, (roots ono year old— • 

 [ have 11,000 plants done this season) between tho 

 25 and 30 of June, when in full leaf, and now, 2dtli 

 Aug. be used extensively for feeding. 



That Morris" frames combine decidedly more ad- 

 vantnges for insuring success, in the iinportant opera- 

 tions of ventilation, (oppliodto each individual worm,) 

 feeding and spinning, »r winding, than any other eys- 

 leui now known. 



I have now feeding several hundred thousand 

 worms in various stages from hatching (6 oz, s.iy 

 4'J,000 now hitching) to spinning, and of course, 

 they will continue through most of Scplember or la- 

 ter. I invite attention and iuvestijiation — and will 

 be at all times happy to exhibit and explain to respect- 

 able strangers hosesti.y seeking information, and to 

 citizens, on Tuesdays and I'ridays, between 8 and 11, 

 A. M. and 3 and 6, P. 51. Idle curiosity must seek 

 its sources of gratificotion elsewhere. 



I am joint proprietor with Mr. Morris, for the sale 

 of his right for all the District of Weolern New Y'ork, 

 being west of fjeneaee River, and prepared to fur- 

 nish i'ramfB immediately. Apply to E. Jlorris, Bur- 

 lington, N. J., or to me at Brockport — Letters must 

 be post paid. Yours truly, GEO. ALLEN. 



Bi-oehpvTl, Monroe Co., N. Y 

 P. S. Aware of the eflect of the reaction which fol' 

 lowed the speculation in Morns multiraulie plants ; 

 a few years since, I nm prepared to meet with incredti- 

 lily and opprobium, and therefore refer for further 

 facts to fcupport my potition, to the operations of .Mr. 

 John Adams, at Adams' Basin, en the Eric Cnr.al, 15 

 miles west from Rochester, and 5 milrs east of Biock- 

 port. Mr. Adams hah made 00 bufhels cocoons this 

 season, at an cxptnse of less than two dollars per 

 busbcl; ai.d is confident that if he could have obtain- 

 ed suitable eggs for late hatching, (my own were ro. 

 coived from Burlington, per mail 17th inst.,) he could 

 hove Biotcrially lessened the average cxpenfo. Mis. 

 -^.dnuis has already reeled lOlba. silk, whiub for lus- 

 tre and «>enncss will saiicfy all who arc coin;eieu: 

 to judge of its value. 



Mr. Adams has used both kinds of Blulberry, and 

 Morris' frames ibis season t-xclusivel}-. His expcii- 

 cnce in feeding in the oidiBory way, emirates a u;- 

 rioJ of f?iu 0- five voars. G. A. 



