.•*. ■•"A ^ 



.M^^'^M^f'^^^^^ 



'^0^f^^^^ 





'V^^-«N/\fi* 





W. B. BATEIIA.M, 

 U. !•'. CROS.UAN, 



Propriators. 



VOIi. "i. ROCHESTKK, OCTOBER, 1811. NO. lO. 



JOHN J. TilOMAS, 



M. B. BATEUAJM. rdUors. 



1'IBL.ISHEO MO.\TJll.Y. 



TEKMS, 



FIFTY CKVT.S, per yer.r, pay;i!ilr nhv.iyy in advance. 



l*03t .Masrers, A^ciH?*, arirt olHpr.«, £cniliii;< money free of 

 Mra?n, vrill icjiiivesevtn cotJit;.-' t'<tr ^:J, — V'tcr^tccopips Cur 

 5,-*VVca/*/-ftVe co|i!cs Pir SKi. 



The pustti irt uf this paper is only one cent to any place 

 'ilhin ilti;i slate, anJ one and a UalT cents to any part nt" 

 le Unitetl .'?l:i!*-?. 



.A:Mre5s ISA TKIIA?.! Jt CROSMAN', Itnelicsler, N. Y. 



CONTENTS OF TliiS Kt MEiEB. 



ivord to our Frie;lils. Hin-s for the iMnnth. Kxcrcs- 



een^e^ on l'lu:!i Tico?. KUie,-:;orry Wine I4'i 



iir I'ucui-. inrrtvel Flo5< in O.Iio— .^Ir. iM li: r I's 

 Uc.k-illi.cs. D.situted Cl^ie^-.ions i,i Airri.Mil'.U'C. . . . 14C 

 'ay-sccd upon ii:vcrtcd sr. t. Cr.ctus ttii-.ngiih;rid. The 



Pear Trc-. C r.nrciifSiik \,\-, 



visii to liro :k.n»rt Jti-d <'lttrk^or. — Mr. Allen's Fi;nn— 

 l*atcr-iirr.in:n?. &o — tiiJk cn.l iMit!" errv uperatiuns — 

 The I'urin of iMr. B^iUivin— : he Farm of Dr. ' . [Jald- 

 ^7i:i, C!:irks:>n — Irrigvi in — Dlser.se nmong Calvea — 



Large Crape Yin". l*-ine as a ^laiiu-c \lc 



oeaoni B.>.1s peri.^liinsin \vit.t*r. I.nportancc of color — 

 Pain-.In^ M'lurons.. .A Vis'l 'o \Yllhani C Corneii's. 



^-rops ia :?o;ilh \'cnicc in ] 'II 1-lf) 



1 tiie .Mois'.ure of tlie Soil — \Va'.erin?- • ■ ■ 150 



le I-'Ioive-'-s of Summer. \Yool i.T .Michigan, r laming 



> har.ls— Ped.ins Fruit Trcei 131 



■ri;i[ltnral K.xhih.tions. lioi-ks and papcr^i a*; Prrmi- 

 inis. New \gri.;nl:u-;il Papers. \\'c5,e.'n Farmer's 

 .ndfiar ier-er's •Mmana-:. for 1:^12. Onr friends in Can- 



.ia— Makiiii Junket and Clof.ed Cream 153 



Cell's Sywinw Macliine. Dyeinc, i he Stomp !v\tr,ic- 

 or. .M..di£o:i i-uiinty ^VEiicuiuirrd Soi-ie'y Orle.-ms 

 onn'.y .Airri.',;ii;iiral Society. Mechanics Fair atRoch- 



icr \Yill ICr-c 133 



'he Different iirecdpofshefp. American Wool Pro- 



t. Citl ore of the Tare or Ve'ch '.Tt 



Iu9.':ey's lleajiin? .Machine. Yucca c'oriosa 15.5 



Ij';: er from IIKnoi''. ?^ke*ches of Travel. Indian 



Tl. \Vhe.nt Cnr.u.-e. Wheel I'louehs 150 



iurrain in Ca'.tie. fold W a'er. Disorder in IIowp. 

 jHsh News. Pickles. ** Pearl Barley" of the 



St 157 



I he-Tiical. or Prepurrl Manures. Toma'o Fi^s. True 



f-y -An i-Cfirn Lr.w Ap^tatinn in I-'/iEland. . . . 155 

 I ri;;ation. Inli-m t'orn an I .S,t^-ar IJeets. IIou'lo 



leforn. Drivifie N'.tils in"o IL^rl \Yool 



I ivertispii'e;i!>. ^I Tk-"' [imports. Pricei Currenr. 



jiisi iA 



ill It f'*' 

 <wi'>*' 



1.-9 

 ten 



.\ Word to our Fiiesids. 



I'he Npw Giiiese."' Fnr:nor i-3 tlnily I'm ling ffivor. 



I extending ii9 influence nmona: i!ie lillt^ra nf the 



Oiir present editinn it nearly e.xb.insltrd, but tlie 



|rwill soon close, when we intend tn— -nstonifli 



! fulks. M ire nhout ibia, next month. An ai'o!- 



lisdite to onr readers for the had nupearnnce .ind 



lyofsomeof nnr Inle numbera ; the fault wns in 



IPress, or ils ownei-. AVc Imvc mode a ch.inoo 



1 montb, nnd we liope for ibe better. At nil eventt 



lire determined t-i bnve mnitcrs uo r<^!tt shnrily. 



'e hope onr correspondents will niolte good nee of 



I OHg evenings now coming on, nnd Ut us bear 



I them a little more frequently. We have no nn- 



• yet fir Mei.f.v. Shall ws not bnve one next 



ltU1 — We arc now off to SrRicfJi; — ^'reat new.* 



|ur ne.itt ! 



Ilint<i for the Mnuih. 



he past months have been devoted chiefly to tlic 

 action, — the present must be to the preservation 

 ops. 



jirn should be Euflered to stand in the shock, until 

 |i become fiil'y ripened by nourishment from the 

 •but not l.ner, as UusUing wilh cold fingers is 

 isnt. Let it be placed where it will be w el! ex- 

 |l to the air ; as the quality of corn, boih for do- 

 le consumption and for feeding animals, is great- 

 ired by nioldinese, even of lac cob only, though 

 ly appear perfectly s^iutiJ. For the same reason, 

 ibonld be isken that shocks of corn stindinir on 

 [round, are no; injured by wet weather. 

 HMe^jiftcr dig^'ng. should nv. bs er.poseJ to the 



sun. They lose their line quality, and acquire more 

 or less of bitterness, when kept in cellars exposed to 

 ibe light merely. Those for immediate domestic nee, 

 should bo kept in barrels, nnd the rest cither in large 

 bins lined and covered with turf, or mixed with earth 

 in barrels or hogsheads, or else buried in heaps in the 

 open air. But rentilalion is nectfsanj A bole 

 should be made with a stick or crowbar in the upper 

 part of every polntoe heap, and continue open until the 

 severest weather. sets in : for wni-.t of this, thousands 

 of bushels are lost ye-Tip-jinJ the I053 a tributed to frost 

 only. 



Apples, and all root crop?, neid the same care, but 

 turnips more especially, which will inevitably be ru- 

 ined unless the heated air from the heap can pass off. 



iSIangel wurizcl and eticnr heels should be com- 

 pletely secured by the end of the montb, and ruta- 

 baOTs not much later, if the danger ol loss by freezing 

 is to be avoided. Get a ruta ba;;n hook, described in 

 our eighth number of this year, by which a man may 

 easily harvest an acre a day. 



Winter apple- should be crnthrred hefirc the ariivnl 

 of severe frost — till near the end of the month — they 

 should be carefully picked by hand bv means of con- 

 venient ImiderR — and should not be sulTered to become 

 in the least degree bruised until they are we'l packed. 

 As an easy, cheap, neat, and excellent mode, we 

 recommend pncking with chaff and lime in barrels, 

 adopted by W. F. Shotwell, and described on page 

 ISf) of our last volume. 



Now is the season forplanting tree=3 — remember — 

 now is ns easy ns ne.xt yenr, or the next — and they will 

 be growing all the while — put off other work, but 

 not this Shade trees crivc almost the whole expres- 

 sion to a countrv or a town. If tlie work is done in 

 auuimn. nnd 7rr// done, the earth will bec.inie proper- 

 ly pctilod abunt the root's, and they will have no liing 

 to no in the spring, but to f^row — but if lemoved then, 

 greater or lesi check niu=t inc. itiMy be given to 

 them. 



To have ground early in good order for crops next 

 sprinrr, piongh your .rrround this fall, nnd let it be es- 

 pn.«ied to the action of fropt through winter. 



Prepare cattle yards fur the mnnufticlure of manure 

 on ns laree a scale as practicable — provide p'eniy of 

 straw for litter — remember, plentij. — and that is a 

 great deal : nu.I if possiiile, cart on your manure 

 vards nlaree quantity of swnmp muck : or ifthat can- 

 not be bid. simple earth, to mix with the other ma- 

 nure. The Inhnr will bo well repaid. * 



Excrescesicps on PInm Trees. 



The iiifcct that produces the?c unsightly bunches, 

 has not confined its operations entirely to the early 

 pnrt of the season ; but in the nursery we have fiund 

 (0 mo. 15,) s^veinl worms that have very recently 

 started into life. Tliose who ate determined to save 

 their trees, sliould thereiii-c be on ih-:? alert. 



We have already recommended clo-e pruning as a 

 means of detecting these deprerntors. Tiie vigor ol 

 the tree n ed not be injured, while the fruit will be 

 finer, nnd the bunches perceived at a glance. In a 

 bushy tree, it is a tiresmie task to dipcover them nil. 



It nppe.nrs that when the femnle deposits her egirs, 

 something is applied to the branch which causes the 

 wood to hecoMio granular or fui.zous — n fit receptacle 

 for her nrogenv : nnd not nnfr.'quenily the bunch 

 continues to swell when no face ol a worm can be 

 found there. Ev(ry excrescence is tberefoie not Iji- 

 bab'ted, hut soma bnve several tepants. t 



Eldei-Beriy Wine. 



Mr.ssiis. Editoi;s : — lia\ing come into possession 

 of several acres of land mostly covered with elder 

 bushes, which promise a great crop of berries, I wish 

 to inquire wether it would be prolitable making tltcm 

 into wine ; and if 90, wiint is the procesf by which it 

 is made. A. SUBSCRIBER. 



C'linulttiique Cotnitij, N. Y. 



Rf:ji.vrks. — The above is the second inquiry of the 

 kind received by us within a month pr.si. Asalvo.:ati.-a 

 of tenipeiance we woi.l I reply, ^■ e do rot bclicvo 

 that making wine of any kind will in the end be ioiind 

 pii fitiibo ; still to grntilyour Eubeciiberswe gi\e such 

 iiilornvitl-iu on the eiibjict ns we fiiid nlhnnd 



TiiC loUowing is fioui a little English work entitled 

 " The Art of iMnkiir; W:ue Irop.i Native Fruits." 



" Ei.i.'ERiiKunv Wi.vE — This fruit is (xccilently 

 calculated fjr the production of wine. Ittjtiice con- 

 tains a considerable portion of ihc fermentative ir.atttr 

 which is so essential for the pioductienol vigorous 

 fermentation, and its beaut ful color communicati s to 

 the wine a rich tint ; but as the fruit is I'eliclcrit in 

 sacrharine, matter, this substance must be literally 

 supplied. This wine is much ameliorated ly adding 

 to ibe elderberry juice a small ponion of siipcr-tnrtrtito 

 ofpoinsh. Dr. ftlaccuiloch ohscivcs, * that the I'.ro- 

 portion of this salt may vary from one to four, and 

 even six per cent. The causes of this admiB.-iblc lax- 

 ity Will appear, when it is considered that ihegicatt-r 

 part of the super-tartrate of potash is again deposit- d 

 in the lees. I may also remark, that from two to 

 four percent, wdl be found a sulTu-ient dose, in pro- 

 portion to 'be grentei' or lefs sweetness of the fatlt, 

 the sweetest requiring the largest quantity of this salt, 

 and rice rersn. The dose of it ought also to vary in 

 proiKirlion to the added sugar, increasing it ns this 

 increaree.' 



To every two quarts of bruised berries put ona 

 quart of water, strain tit juice through a hnir seive, 

 and add to every quart of the diliiled juice one pountj 

 of lump fucnr. Boil the mixiuro for about one quar- 

 ter of on hour, and euiVer it JO ferment in the mauiief 

 bef ire stated 



Qi , bvii.'se a bushel ofpicked elderberries, dilute tbo 

 mass with ten gallons of water, and having boiled it 

 for a few minutes, strain o!T the juice and squ'.cz'^ out 

 the busks. Measure the whole quantity of the juice, 

 and to every quart put three quarters of a poind of 

 Unnp sugar; and, whilst still wnnn, add to itbr.ifa 

 pint of ytnst, and fill up the cask with soiTic of the 

 reserved liquor. 



When the wine is clear it may be drawn off fn m 

 the lees (which will be in about three months) and 

 bottled for use. 



Forflavorinff the wine, ginger, nlle|)ice. or any oth- 

 er aroniat.c substance may be used ; the finvoring ma- 

 terials may be inclosed in a bng, ar.d suspended in 

 the cask, am removed when the dctired flavor is pro- 

 duced." 



The next is from on old work on domestic ccono. 

 my, nnd, we believe, is the method commordy prac- 

 ticed by the cottagers in England. 



" Ei,di;r Wivi:. — To every quart of Iciries put 

 two quarts of water. Iioilhnlfrm liour, run the liquor, 

 and break the fruit through a hair scive ; tbi n to ev- 

 ery quart of juice put three quart' rs of a pound of Lis- 

 bon sugar, coarse, but not the very coarsjst. Boil the 

 whole n quarter of an hour with ."^ome Jamaica pep 

 pers, gingers, and a few cloves. Ponr it into a tub, 

 and when of n proper warmth, into the barrel, with 

 toast nnd yeast to work, which iheie is more difTiculiy 

 o make it do than most other iiqiiors. Whrn it 

 ceases to hiss, out a Quart of brandy to tinlit gallcua 

 an 1 s'oo up. Bottle in the spring or at Ciirisinias. 

 The liquor must be in a warm place to m.';kc it 

 wnrli." 



