AND GARDENER'S JOURNAL. 



11J 



No. 10. 



be far preferabie to burning it ; beca.,8a i„ that cnse, | The Antwerp Raspberry may also be mentioned, 1 make , ho place all that any reasonable man could wi.b. 

 ncahev the l,ni« „or the magncein wauM be caustic, j which with U3 is generally hardy ; but at Marietta, The farm con.i.te of 100 acres of excellent 1«„ 1 

 When .t ts burnt, h.w.ver, the bad oilbris of thecnus- 1 in Ohio, more than three degrees further south, " it beautifully undulating, and well watered w,th eprin^.s 

 t.c magnesia (hot l.me) may be avoided by scattering | requires to be laid down every autumn," says Doctor | It is div.ded offnuo 6 or 10 small .'ield., and all «cU 



cultivated. Mr. C. is very sueccesful in raising wheat. 



it in powder, over meadows or pastures at least one j Hildielh, "and covered with earth or straw to protect 

 eummer before they are to be broken up. Falling it from the /TOJing: a.u(i Rawing of our variable win- 



anijugst the decaying bladea of gra~s, which omit 

 carbonic acid, the magnesia imbibes it and becomes 

 mild, which it would fail to do on a hare soil, as it at- 

 tracts that acid more feebly than lime, and the latter 

 of course, must be always served first. 



Lime losfs none of its qnalilies as a manure by old i jured if grown ina noribern .'^haded exposure."* 



ago or exposure to the weather. Henco the refuse Tr^^A: i„. .i i 



, ,, , , , , ,, , "■■"-"->-. Ireadmg down the snow so as to accumulate a com- 



tbal collects round limo-kiln?, is well ad.ipSod to ibe ^ „„~, ,„„^^ ^„„„j .u . j i . . ., 



, . , , , ^ , '"^ pact mass round the tree, and then covering it with 



larmer s use, and the value of the mass will be rci'ula- 



ters. Plants which sland under the nortli sale of a 

 fence or a building, hear llie winter in a manner un- 

 luirmei. This is also the case with the Madeira grape 

 vine, and GreviUe rose, both of which are killed if 

 I exposed to the mid-day sun of winter, but live unin- 



ted by it3 Irecdoin from small stones and other impu- 

 i-itics. O.T the same principle, the plaster from old 

 walls and ceilings, should never be thrown into the 

 To.id; but broken up with a poun-le.-, and applied M 

 the gar 'en, the field, or the meadow. It is a valuable 

 manure, and more especially for heavy soils. t 



Blossam Biuls perishing in Winter, 



A correspondent wishes to know why the blossom 

 buds of the pcacl>and apricot perish in winter? and 

 bIbo, il there is any way to prevent such loss ? 



A flowing of the sap late in autumn, or in winter, 

 foUowe i by intense cold, has long been considered as 



straw, has been found useful. We have seen an apple 

 retarded in its vegetation for a fortnight in the spring, 

 by piling wood round it: but the weather here is so 

 variable and uncertain, that what was useful in one 

 season, may be useless in another. f 



Importance of CoIor"Pai)iting Wagons, &c. 



The importance of dark and light surfaces, Is, we 

 believe, but liltio appreciated in an econo.mical point 

 of view. The difference between rough or darkened, 

 and polished motalio surfaces, in absorbing and radiat- 

 ing heat, is familiar to every student in chemistry. 

 A housewife would be considered ignorant, who did 

 not know that bread would bake more rapidly on an 



the cause of ,h,s damage; artd we have no doubt of dd or blackened mctalic dish, than on a new or bright 

 .ts being toe true cause ; for those buds can endure a one ; that water cools more slowly in a bright tea-pm, 

 very low tempcr.,ture ,1 they are not started by un- j .ban in any other ; that a stove pipe of Russia iro, 

 seasonable warmth. We have no know cd^e that thev ' i,«o,o „ ,,„™ i .> ■ 



, , ..,,,., ".'•"""-'^ «''-'"'" '""J , heats a room less than a pipe ol common or rouob 



linvo ever been lulled in this conilition, by the severest ' 



iron ; that water can scarcely be made to boil in a 

 new tin vessel, with a charcoal fire, until its bottom 

 becomes blackoed with smoke ;— all of which plain- 

 ly show the rapid absorption and radiation of heat by 

 , raiigb »nd bla:,-iened surfaces, and the reverse bv 



!8l winters, when not interrupted by ihawe, lave ! bright or reH-cting ones. 



tenerally, il not aUays, been succeeded by fruitful 



cold of this climate — perhaps ten or fifteen degrees be- 

 low zero ; and in the elevated region between the 

 3u=quehonna and the Delaware, they have probably 

 !ndured a depression of ten degrees more. Our cold- 



and his practice is somewhat peculiar. lie bos prom- 

 iseil to furnish ou- leadersanaocount of biscxperien.'c 

 in this business, and also in raising Indian corn, if 

 which we saw a remarkably fine field. We advisi.l 

 him to offer his corn crop in competition for ti'e cou;i- 

 ly premium, and if he does e> we think he wi.l 

 gain it. 



In farm stock Mr. Cornell has a very cbou.' 

 though not very large collection, embracing the m(>.a 

 approved breeds of cattle ahoop and swine — Here wo 

 seethe true system exemplified — a small farm. In 

 small fields highly cultivated, with a limited amount 

 of stock of the best breeds. Tiiis is what we call ov- 

 t'lodox farming. The slieep in particular, struck on 

 as being very superior. Ho has nearly one hundrod 

 head, part pure Cotswold, and the others giha or 

 fths blood, crossed with the Leicester. We regim 

 thatMr. C. did not make arrangeiiient.s to take liia 

 thorough bred sheep to the Fair at Syracuse, but tl-a 

 dslance, and the diflicuUy ofprocuring a boat to take 

 them prevented. Ho ia fully convinced that tbo 

 Cotswold ebeep are tho most profitable breed for o, it- 

 farmers. 



By an advertisement on our last page it will be se<n 

 that JMr. Cornell offers to dispose of part of his slock, 

 and we advise those in this region who wish to pui- 

 chase to go and see them. 



easons. 



In the winter of 13:51-3, the snow drifted around a 

 each tree in our fruit garden, so that one low limb 

 ras entirely buried. This rough weather was suc- 

 eeded by a thaw soon after New Years, and the thaw 

 y intense cold. Peaches were very scarce in the fol- 

 jwing season. The highest limbs— the very tope— 

 > which the reflected heat from the ground could 

 larcely reach— had a few, while the iinib which was 

 uried in the snov/, was loaded down with fruit. 



The same effect was produced on a limb that rested 

 u the roof of a building, and was co 



I TiiO inllu'uce of color alone, on absorption, is most 

 strikingly exhibited in case of solar heat. Bodies of 

 a black color, are found soon to become heated in the 

 sun, while white ones are scarcely affected. This 

 important fact should be borne in mind, in the preser- 

 vation, by paint, of all implements or machines of 

 whatever kind, which may be injured by the action of 

 the sun's rays. Wagons and carriages, especially, 

 which during use must necessarily be more or less ex- 

 posed, should always be of seme light color. A car- 

 riage of a light yellow or ash color, is almost incon- 



ceivably less heated, cracked, and warped, than one 

 . , , , , ^eredupinadnlt. of a dark brown or black. And however unfnRhfnnn 



ne warm winds that s<«rto/ the other buds, passed .fi"u nonever untashiona 



iet without touching, and left it torpid. 



On bleak nortiieni aspects, wc believe the peach 



ble such light colors may be, we have no doubt that if 

 vebiecles generally, were painted with such, thot 



lley of the same district, assured us that the peach friend Cor.aell in ti 



^e with them was uiifruitlul as often as 



seven. 



is generally p^diic^X r ti;- 7Z^ Tl^Z T^r^^T'' "' '17 '"'"''' '' '"''' —'' 

 rplain the following cases on the same principle - ^ ' f"""""f ^ I """' ''°"""'' ^""""^ "^ 



,r many years, we resided in a wide valley bounded! "''"'1''"'": '" Vf! ""'"^ aPP^ndages to 



. two sides by high hills. In the valley, the peach ■ "'"' "^°- ^ a domes-.ic establishment. _ . 



M an uicertain crop ; but on the hills it rarelv fail- \ A Visit to Wm. C. Coruell'g 



A careful observer who lived in a more sheltered ,' We made a visit some days ogo to the farm of our 



lie south part of the town of Hen- 

 , ,,. , "^ y^-'fs out rietta, about seven milea from this city Mr C was 



In vallies, the temperature is more variable formerly a merchant in the city of New-York but hk 



Ter f'^ I'rr"''' "' ""^''-'-^ "'"' -•''- " '^-'-- n- ^--^ C-rable to h s he 1th it' 1 th 

 other ; for it has been ascertained that in severe but ; city and turned his attention to farming In selecting 

 m^wcathcr, the cold a.r settles down in the lowest a location we think he manifested gl'd jIdSnt a! 



U^winter wasmdder than usual ; and yetwe had Z^^r ;;£ ^Imt r S^^i^^ ^t 

 w shrubs more injured than m seasons of intense systematic mind of the morcb„„f;=. „ ."^"'•^"'^' ">'' 

 It appears that ,n these shrubs the sap had star- ; the farmer. Sedt - nThoei;-,::^^^^^^^^ '" 

 , and the sharp frosts that followed were destruc- ' with the farm • eve^y hi,r. V "h n an IT^ 



to a part of their b..,.iches. Amongst.these, were i an air of comfort and .^cT' "'" '''"" 



lurpi- ^-' . . ^ 



nf-mcm. Mis. C. r.lihou'^h 



Purple Fringe tree, and thePyracantha , but Fon- 1 brought up in the ;; .o be . 7"'' 



^laphUlyroides, fro:n ^yria, more tender than | and well L teL ^^a' co ir li^ "we M 



' 'Hovf.'.Ii.T-..|„^„r II ...:..., - „ 



Crops ill South Venice in 1841. 



Wheat.— This crop is not as good as last seasoti. 

 I think it cannot be called more than half of an aver 

 age yield ; the berry is fine however. Slany fiel la 

 of wheat were nearly destroyed by the Stein Croi t, 

 (Red Root) which is making ruinous inroads upon 

 us. Spring wheat was but little sown this year, and 

 did not turn out well. 



Grass — More grass was cut in this town this year, 

 I think, than last. The rain in May gave the mea.l- 

 ows such a start as to prevent the subsequent drouth 

 from seriously effecting the crop. 



Corn bxiks very good, considering the season 

 The dry weather however has so affected it that out 

 farmers will not probably have more than enough fi i 

 their own conaumptin ; consequently the price mu<» 

 be high. 



Peas.— This crop is very good— belter lUwi ln« 

 season. A larger quantity than usual wer« sown this 

 year— Many farmers prefer them ',0 corn for fattenip;; 

 pork. 



Oats hare done well this year— I think they will 

 yield better than last seoson. 



DitiLY is good, what little was sown. 



BfcKwiiEAT was but little sown, but looks weit- - 

 will be a good crop if not injured by froat. 



Flax — The cultivation of this crop is nearly 

 abandoned, owing to the labor rixpiired in mannfar 

 turing the cloth. What little w.aa sown looks veiv 

 well. 



Pot .iTOEs were much injured by the drouth, an .! 

 will not yield well, however there will be enougli 

 for our own consumption. 



Root Chops generally will fall much below an av 

 erage yield ; but arc not very extensively raised hern. 



FsfiT is very plenty, save peaches. I think theru 

 is more fruit than last year. On the whole I think 

 the crops in this region are as good as in any othe< 

 part of Western New-York ; and we have abundani 

 reason for gratitude U} Him who has given us th&'o 

 necessaries and comforla of life. 



Respectfully yours, 



