No. 10. 



AND GARDENER'S JOURNAL. 



I /.) 



Tli)mna Ash's ctnv, 54J Iba. du. inSodsyg do. vol. 



I-',-?/ Oil. 

 A U. 1:1111111 cow, 1-lJ II18. do. iuunc wfck. — I'ul. IT, 



/I. 4u:l 

 Mr. VVij)livicU's cow, Mg lbs. do. iu I. week. — Cul- 



licalur, rot. (i, /;. III','. 



iity bcliol IS iliut ill..' pure Sb'iri Horns, wiUi good 

 kfep, (ami no niuniul will lUiivc when stiu veil) is 

 Hindi oioii; valii'ilile ilinii any oihcr race, for ilic Bdnni- 

 Mus. for iLe pail, and for iLio dairy : \'ct if our fathers 

 have reared a better race, without system and without 

 the least cure in brerdin^,', I shall how with siibiiiis- 

 Bion, regret the cost of my eiror, aiid^erealfr "tread 

 in their footsteps." WELLS LATIIKOI*. 



SouL'i lliiilli.ij I'lilh, Mass., Aus. It), I84L 



Salt ill Jlic!iis:nn. 



The followiiis; article fioiu the Grand Kapids In- 

 <;uirer, contains imeresling and ioiporlant facts for our 

 Western Readers : 



"Salt. — We coiigrattdate our fuilow-citiiieiis ot 

 Gran. I iliver X'uib/, .ml of Westirn Michigan, up- 

 on tne fi tunatc re^nliof the endenuiviiigof Mr. Lv- 

 ov to obta'ii B:ilt water at this place. His elliiria arc 

 CL-iWiieJ With success coeilual with hij Wisheo, and 111 

 one pnrticuliir far e.vceeding b.s iniaginatioiis. Tor 

 qIi lilt eigtjteun m tilths the work hiistK-vn-prog'-i-aiiiig, 

 wade iii'iny doiibad, anil all hoped, but few weic 

 61111 iiiine of suocBs.', Ala d pih of about o(M feet, 

 iiiiticitiiiiisof sail lir^t bicnme apparent, but for a loiii; 

 d itaacj ui.er n itliing further seemed lo he gamed, 

 ao.l many begin to ihnik ihey had been cheered foi 

 11 'iig.it. Toe wi:k< were eiiitinued until the shaft 

 h:i i Ijejii s.ial; ti'Jl leet, wuen the evidences weie 

 such tint tue operation of b. 'ring wassuspeneded. and 

 tuoe.^ Simli 1 1 aseortarn t.io quantity and tjuality of the 

 brine. — On S iturdny last (iherfStb) the tubes were 

 put down to the depth of 3S0 feet but little over hall 

 the de,;iii of the well, wuen .0 the joyful eurpriseof all. 

 iri:;i-f lirim, iif Ik' qimlitif iifunchiis'icl ufsnU loj'iom 

 5 ) tj o:i g dlofis, asco.ided and p.iiiied out of th tube 

 witii iiiiiienso fuce. It is estimated that the tub. s 

 might bo e-irried fifty feet higher, and the. brine yi t 

 93jape Wuat 13 the liimntiiy of lUe brine which will 

 111 i.nentHnly dischaig;-, it is ditlieult to asceitain, but 

 t IS citinnted Iron) d 10 8 g.Tllons. This, witboiu 

 he use of n pump, or any means of elevation, we 

 lucm unpiraileied iu the history ofs'ilines 



It is intenderf to sink the tubes still lower into the 

 iait wi-il, uiider the am cipation that tin: brine obiaii 

 id wtil be much strongc:', as it is liirtber disc jiinected 

 roin the Iresii toniitains above. Mr. Lyon, as we 

 eftrii. Will eiiniiiience u tiling immediately, as soon as 

 le can obtain kettles and place them. 



Again we congratulate our readers and this valley — 

 ye nave a fuintuin of \v,_-nllh in our midst, which will 

 i^arile Ui t-> forget the eto, and sniiji our fineeisiit the 

 sJ'jnki upt ati.l D;atribiition Do'l^. What may we not 

 lov anticip;ite tro;ri our .s-////, 'iir ptiisUfy oiir/;/;iR, the 

 '6rf.Uiti/ 0/ o:tr soiff our imiutn^c 'ivtifcr power, out- 

 mud, an I our nurigabU rucr. Whei'e can we lino 

 acn a eombiiiaiion of s.^iirced of wealtii In Michigan 

 IT the west 1" 



Vom Ike ii'cstcnt Farmcr^s mid Garde ruT's Al^lunac forl^'i 



auscs of Ueciiy in Feacli Ticts, and its 

 I'levetitiou. 



'To the cnrly s^ntlers of the West, tlie poach was a 

 'cap nii I easily procured luxury. Tiie kernel wat- 

 lante.l in the fViice-eoiner, and grew and produc 

 d a iiirifiy and healt y true, wit 1 but little eare 01 

 liliuie, b'-aring large nud^ regular crops of fine (rnit, 

 3r a imnib'ir of yearf. ' 



Tbi- being tae case, w hy do we find so much dilli- 

 ulty at ti:e [iresent day f How do wc account fo: 

 heir suecc-s then nml f»r our frequent fndures fiow '.' 



In early times, when tile whole iiiee of the counlfi 

 I.T1S lieivily limbered, our winipra were lees sever. 

 Ifiin lliei are now. Our climate, uiiliko that ofGiea 

 Ifit'iin, seems to inei ease in rigor as the coimiry is 

 nproved, iiiivil, at ibis time, tfe peach trecc are no; 

 nfri qucnily w.mer-kired, ' ' 



ill addition to this, the following causes had theii 

 lUiueiiee: T c keiuel was lalien from ihe fruit of an 

 .tibuddu 1 in-e : tliosn being of course selet^tcd whicl- 

 ■ftiriuc.id good fruit — thus the iiiflm nee, exerted by 

 ie stock if evil, was ov.iidi-d. The kernel was plant- 

 fliore It W.1S meant to s-.and — the young t?co c!capiiu 

 " J le mutilation and ciiecks too oiien leceived in t ans 

 ftftling. Ifwiisleit to grow pretty much in a stan 

 Toature, by which the stem was shaded from the 111 

 iriuua eifects of'tlic lull blaze of a siiinnier'saun; to 

 lis tree, like the beech, will not do well if so exposed 

 'lie B-jil .vBS fresh and good, and kept the tree in a 



vigorous and growing state. The elearln.? Iieiny 

 generally small, was in n great measure protect- 

 ed from late spring Iroais. T;.c disease called '*yel- 

 lo%\&" had not a own itself, nor had the peach iusce'., 

 the " iEgeria cxitioaa" ol naluriil.ste. 



Now, trees are bought li 0111 the miracry men, the 

 older and tile larger the belter I Ti:C slocks too of- 

 ten prodticed from ihe kernels of iiidini-ient or even 

 unhealttiy peaches ; allowed to grow iwo or threi 

 years before they are budiled 1 dug up witbont eare, 

 and scarce a root, and rertamiy not a fibre, left lor 

 their 6iii>|)0it ; the fteins biineed and chafed, and 

 closely [iruned 10 proportion them to tl.e niulihiteil 

 roots. Ttioy are kept out of the ground for n length 

 of timet c.niveyed to the phinting ground unprotect- 

 ed : and there set out, in little holes, fliig out of th(? 

 sod, iu thin, poor soil, where ihiy arc lelt to snuggle 

 through a yearortwo of a niis.'railr-, sickly e.vistcuce. 

 In tlienursery-iow, the top of the one protecied the 

 stem ol ihe other ; but now there is no such defence. 

 'I'he peaeh-lly deposits ils eggs, wl.ieli are left to 

 hatch, and t. e worms to eominit v cir lavages undis- 

 turbed. And being gene'aily planted in on open, 

 soiitlieni exjiosure, the bhics im-bud^weil too soon, 

 and are desMoyid by the first severe lio^t. 



Let us now stale what we consider lo be the proper 

 practice. 



.Scleeta piecoof rich, new land ; if a toleiably siili 

 loam, with stirllicc coaling ol loaf mould, on the 

 north or iijilli east side of a h'.ll, near u large wutei 

 course, the crops will be moie abi.nd.ant omi sure, llio' 

 not so highly llnvored as if grown in a sandy soil. — 

 Plough it deeply and carefully in ihs lali ; eiul 111 luL 

 ditioii, iiioik off the bol-fs. and have them dug doW 

 to the uiib-soil, or at least two s;jn..cs deep, and ri,v hel 

 in diameter. Ifynu intenl pmtbas.ng trees of aniii- 

 seryinai,, which is the cheaper course, il Jo" have 

 one withiii leneli, in wlunii you can dopci-.d, go as 

 early as possible in the spring, and tfi!eel young, thril- 

 ty tiees, not more than one year from the bnd, and 

 two fioia the kernel. Have ibem taken upverycaie 

 fully, so as not 10 destiny ivcn a rootlet ihat can be 

 avoid''d ; dip the roots in sludge, it yon have 10 carry 

 them inore than a inilu, and plant ihcm withoul de 

 lay. Throw sniic of the surface soil into the hole, 

 niter loosening the b ttom with the spade ; drive n 

 stout stake into the centre, lo whieli to tci-ton the tree; 

 then place the tree close n|) alongside of tin; slake, and 

 while sn asslstaiii throws in the surface soil round the 

 r.iots, shake the tree gently, so us 10 allow the larlli to 

 run 111 and iiil up evciy vacant space ; taking cnie to 

 spread the roots out regularly, and to plant 11 but very 

 little, if any, deeper than it 6100 before, 'i'ltad the 

 ground lightly ; and alter p. lining a couple of fuekels- 

 fuU of water round the nee, and frisiening it flnidy to 

 the slake with a soft band, yi.ii may e nsider the ope- 

 ration i^i' planting comukicd ns it ought to be." It is 

 perfect folly to puichtise trees and plimt them, as they 

 aie usuiiily plauicc. If the soil is not naiuially rich, 

 manure it all over, but do not put any round llic roots 

 of Ihe trees — rich conipi st or mmiUi from the wood.- 

 or stable yard, may be plueid immciliatoly loundtbe 

 roots. 



l! it is intended to grow the trees from the krrm 1 

 select good ones, the produce ol healthy iiei ?. limy 

 tbcni in about two or three incbca of soi', as soon as 

 p aeticab'e afier they are Inkiii from the peach. 11 

 they arc in quantity, mix them with double their bulk 

 of earth, and ridge tlitni up in a tnfe part of the gar- 

 den, covering the whole wiih an inch or two of soil, 

 and leave them over winter. Towards the end of Feb- 

 ruary, or first of March, exainine ibem, and plant oni 

 .-nch as Kove ojieiied li«t without removing the shells. 

 Put three or. i'our where they are intended to stand ; 

 •ind in .Tilly or .iugUHt, inoculate tlicni with the kind 

 .if fiiiii yon wish. In liie fail or E|.ring, all can bi 

 I ■cmoved but one. Never put off inoeulating till the 

 \ .^econ 1 year, Kor ibeir n ter ticiilinent, sec the article 

 on budding. A peach ordiard should be tended in 

 some sncli crop as potatoes, beets, melon?, sweet pola- 

 locs, eti: , and ifnecfsjaiy 1 1 sov.' it down, let it be 

 like clover ;. taking eare lo keep n Sjiaee round the 

 tree, of six or cigiil fett in dinmeler, dee Ir.mi gra^e 

 ;ind Weeds. Tiocs never do well, bear or thrive, in 

 meod.iw, or bliie-grnss sod. 



F r some years past, the ii\ecct cnljed ibc " PoBch 

 tlv," or " Peai'li-irec worm," hasoi-casinned the ruin 

 ■■>( tiioiianmU of trees in ihe win. See iiriiclc 011 theii 

 history, and the nrevpntivcB to he used. 



Wew Uo6£ii> 



A pint of linseed oil, two oUnces of beeswax, t«o 

 lunees spirits of turpentiije, and lialfcn ounce of Bur- 

 gundy pitch, — -lowly melted together, ond then nii. 

 plied I.) new /loots, will render ihem water ligbt with 



.uit beconi ni; stiff. Tne CuiTeepuiideut o( on ex- 

 change paper, says he has used thiscompo.«iiion ninny 

 \ e:na ; and believes llint ///;■• sliociniikcr's hitt has liccit 

 mlacal laj it one hu/f, so conservative are itselleeis 

 on the leather. t 



IloCiiiiiciil Utyniotd^y. 



When Dean .Swilt suggcotcd that the noire of An- 

 dromadie tin Homer) was deiived fioni Anilrew Ala- 

 i7,«a ScolchnKin, he was in h.n ; but when I'loies- 

 sor Eaton attempted to make out Aillumia fiom the 

 Circek, he was in kahnkst, — ihongli we consider it (if 

 potsiblej the greater bmltsque of the two. 



A few words will explain our meaning. Ab.mt 

 twenty-five j earsag.Minoie or lets) Professor Rafi- 

 nesqne cliangi.d the name of ti.e | lai.t Vciijiliil.i.i fun- 

 jos« ti> ibatol Aillumia chrliosu ; and Dr. Dailing- 

 i.in says* (what we had unuerstood b.-l..ri-) that the 

 new genus was " dcd.cated to Major .lubn Allium, u 

 diotinguishcd cultivator ol iho vine," who resided 

 tome years before his death ni-nr the eiiy of Wi, thing- 

 ton, and whote name and cl.tiiacter 10 is l.nd long 

 been familiar. With part ol his father's family in- 

 deed, (raoi)ier,biGlber, and sisters,) «e were peitonai- 

 ly acquaiutetl, ecuhat no shade of uuceriuiiity or doubt 

 can hung ovi.r the nuoly ol ibat famdy name. 



In ibe Sih edition of liie " Manual," or " .\orih 

 American IJ nsny," pubiisbni last year, we f iid how- 

 ever, nt page Sll that Atlli.mia comes Ion the 

 Greek: — ■ u (withoul), tumeit (dirt), a sii'.'osi.u 

 cleanser." .Now will not ihe leciiud uiuhor if the 

 " (.'uKiosiTiKs OF LiTiiHATi.iiK," givc ihJs cicuiu- 

 str.nce a hiiing place in hie next edition I 



SiiRar fiom Corn Stalks. 



William Webli baa addresced a letter to t' c Presi- 

 dent of the New Castle county Agiicnltural Socict)-, 

 in the State of Delawaie, daicd Wiliniiigion, f'lh mo. 

 •25, 1841, leeommending the manufacture ol sugar 

 from corn stalks; and we learn from the Pennsylva- 

 nia Freinian, that the fpeclmens exhibited (including 

 niolafises) weie much admired fir their fiavor and np- 

 pearonee. 



During the llovolutionary war, when our comii.erco 

 with the West Inilies was nearly annibilnted, we ean 

 remember that niolusses was prepared front this nia- 

 te-inl, by pressing out the juice in a eider mill, and 

 boding it down ; but tbo-igh sweet, it was rather lui- 

 palatalde, Jiot having been properly purified. No 

 doubt can exist however, of well ripened corn sialkn 

 abounding iu siiccbaiinc niniicr; and hoys in the 

 b.t of chewing them, soon diocover that the sitmtlis 

 ami reddest uir ulwuijs tlic tirixttM. 



In accordance with this fact, W. Webb reeoni. 

 mends planting the corn in rows two and a half het 

 apart, leaving the stalks lo stiind in the rows only 

 tliiee inelies from each otbi r. iVo cais nic allowed to 

 groworiipen; and on this pn caution be eonsKlers 

 the success eniinly to dejiend. In relerence 10 ih'a 

 impro\ed method, he says, " In one case I oh ained 

 from a small piece of gieimd, at the rate of 1(10 lis. 

 of sugar jer sere ; but other experiments made since, 

 have cdjitiusictlj skuicn that had a dilibrcnt mode of 

 planting been ad. qited, ihe product would hove been 

 inrreascd ten /old." 



The Clop "ill generally be lit to take up 



' 111 !sep- 



teniber. The stalks are tlien cut wp rit the root, tirip- 

 I'.ed of iheir leaves, and taken to the mid, where llie 

 juice is pressed out between iron rollers. Lime water 

 iliout the cons'etency of eieaiii, is then mixcei ivitb the 

 juice, one spoonful to the gallon. U is left to sellle 

 me hour, and the 1 poured off into boilers, nhieh mo 

 covered until the liquid approaches neatly iotheboil- 

 • iig point, win 11 the scum must he tiiken ( ff- It is 



roge 



*8rf' 



