No. 12. 



AND GARDENER'S JOURNAL. 



187 



iges eo nbimdontly scoured to other men, Whnt nre 

 vimmonly cnlied groat Ddvanlnges nre by no mrnns 

 ■ Lured alone to nny one elaes of society; indeed, there 

 8 but little worth seeking for, but what may be ob- 

 liiied by nil who arc willing to make the eflort. The 

 dna that a polished education is an indiepeneabie re 

 luiaite [or the acquirement of knowledge, and that 

 ;reat learning will only enable one to poseess intelii- 

 ;cnce, is not only erroneous, but a miochievious con- 

 ation of the mind. For eucli as would arrogate to 

 hcmselves the right of monopoly over the cbundant 

 itreatris which are pouring into the mind of every one, 

 he lights of knowledge and intelligence, it is not sur- 

 irising to hear them advance such an idea. Upon the 

 mportance of education wo cannot however place too 

 iigb an estimate, for the beneius which it has and ul- 

 i:iiately must bestow upon mankind. But it is only 

 ivbcn education is need as a means of enlarging the 

 opacity of the mind and prepares an individual to fill 

 ■ome useful station in society, that the greatest good 

 .v.ll result from it. And on the contrary, if used as 

 .he instrument of producing those sickly plants, too 

 requentlysent forth from our schools of learning to play 

 he fop or the piano, it overloads society with a set of 

 I'^eless beings, that arc a burthen upon it. From the 

 inowledge of educated men Agriculture has not failed 

 .0 receive important aids, but not, when compared 

 .\ith other things of less importance, its due propor- 

 1 m of benefits. When considered a science, os it 

 mly is, it is easy to conceive that the study of it 

 ^;bt profitably occupy the most polished mind, and 

 t : baps there is not a science from which educated 

 lion, who strive to apply their knowledge to useful 

 ■ iirposes, have derived greater pleasure, than from the 

 .iiuly of the principles which cause the earth to pro- 

 duce all the wealth of which indjviJuaU or even na- 

 i."ns ran boast. I venture to predict, that no one 

 wlio has applied his talent, education, or experience, 

 .u the examination of the most simple principles ol 

 lusbandjy, but what has found an ample scope for the 

 rrofitable employment of either. But while such as are 

 •ngaged in what are termed " professional pursuits," 

 lire obliged to become acquainted with the ancient 

 languages, in order to be familiar with certain obscure 

 iirms and phrases, the farmer has no occasion to 

 search out any but the most simple terms to gain a'l 

 ine knowledge his most ardent desires may demand. 

 In the school of practice ho has daily opportunity for 

 ffiiiuing knowledge, while at the same time, experi- 

 t nee and practical observation, will enable him to 

 dLinonstrate every principle connected wiiU the busi- 

 lu 3-^ of his life. Comparatively but tow engaged in it, 

 consider how important is the calling of a farm- 

 er, and many have settled down under the con- 

 viction that chance or necessity has compelled them to 

 fill a station, if an opportunity had oflered, their choice 

 would not have dictated. From this, perhaps, more 

 than any other cause, the but too prevalent idea has 

 originated, that this class of our fellow citizens are set 

 down as only worthy of the associations of the '^ sc- 

 coiiil class." What error has failed to do in filing 

 the minds of many with false notions, prejudice has 

 not failed to accomplish the whole work : and there- 

 fore it is, that a mote general dissemination of knowl- 

 edge may be considered necessary; 



in my next it will be my purpose not to deal sn 

 much as heretofore in general remarks, but shall en- 

 deavor to confine myself to a more particular applica- 

 tion of the Buhjeot. \our8, &c., 



Biitucia , Oct. 20tli. IS Jl. C. P. T. 



For the Is'eut Gcnesne Farmer 

 Annual Hxhibition 



Of the l\fassacltiisetfs HorticuUiiral S^ccieiy — Horti- 

 aiUure in Monroe County^ 4»c. 4**^. 

 It will doubtless be gratifying to the friends of Hor- 

 ticulture thrQuoliiiui the c3Ui]try,!o hear something o( 



the Intc Annual Kxhibition of the Mafsachuseits Ilor 

 ticnllural Society, held on 22d 2:kl and 24lh of Sept. 



From the report published in the October number ol 

 the Magazine of Horticulture, it appears that the va- 

 riety of Fruits was greater than any ever before exhi- 

 bited in the United States, Mr. Manning, of Salem, 

 the greatest promologistin Amer'ca, sent ona ImndrctI 

 and t/iirtij kinrls of Pears ; Mr. Wilder, the Presi- 

 dent of the Society, llfty ; Mr. Gushing, forty, 

 and many other gentlemen, thirty, twenty and ten 

 each. A magnificent pyramid of Grapes, cotiiprising 

 twelve varieties on a base t-f Peaches, ISeclarines and 

 Plums was presented by Mr. Ilaggortson Gardener to 

 J. P. Cushing, Esq. The exhibition of vegetablet 

 was also unusually good. T! e Dohlia thow far eur- 

 passed any previous exhibition of this splendid flower 

 by the Society, and the number of Pot plants, C'ul 

 Howcrs, Biiqueis, &c., was very great. 



At the close of the exhibition the members celebrat- 

 ed the loth anniversary by n dinner, after whioh sev- 

 eral excellent addresses were delivered and appropri 

 ate toasts and sentimonia were given, — of the latter 

 we have eelocted the following, as our limited space 

 will not admit of publishing all : — 



Agriculture and liorticnltvre — The first a nation's 

 greatest wealth, the next, its greatest luxury. 



Tlie Cultivation of the Earth — It was the first act 

 of civilization, is the basis of all other branches of in- 

 dustry and is tiie chief source of the prosperity and the 

 wealth of nations. 



Tne Primeval Employment of Man — To dress the 

 garden and keep it. 



Horticultural Societies — " Fiscal corporations*' 

 whose capititl slock is a well cultivated Bank of Sail, 

 whose Directors arc producers, whose depositors get 

 cent per cent for their inccstuieuts, whose exchanges 

 are never below par, and whioh *' operate y;crA-c over 

 the Union." 



The lifussachusciie Horticultural Society — Itsbinh 

 day opened a new era in the hoiticuliure of New 

 England. 



The Pose — While we aoknowlcdee her as Queen 

 at the couit of Flora, weare happy to recognize among 

 our guests the dJ6tingiiiblied lopreseniative" of that 

 Queen, whose Kingdom have adopted ill the Rose 

 their Floral emblem. 



Horticulture — The art whioh strews our paths with 

 Roses — loads our tables with luxuries, and crowns our 

 labors with the rich /naVsof contentment and happi- 

 ness. 



Wcman — " A feCiiling sprung from Adam's si.ie, 



A mnst CKLKSTlAL snonT, 



Bcc.lnjp of Pjirariise the pritlo, 



And Ijorc a world of frcit.*' 



We cannot but do injustice in this brief notice to 

 the report, which occupies nine pages of the Magrzine, 

 and much remains yet to be published. This Society 

 is one of the most useful and flourishing of the kind, 

 in the country. But 13 years ago since it was orga- 

 nized ; tlieir meetings were at first held in a small 

 room ; and by steady and persevering elltn is worthy 

 of all praise, they have gradually advanced so that now 

 they occupy a spacious hall iiiTremont Row, Boston. 

 It would be impossible to estimate the advantages 

 which have resulted from their labors, not only to New 

 England, but to the country at large. Mr. Walker. 

 a prominent member of the S.)ciety, in speaking o' 

 this, remarked, "who can recount its «c/s and ihi 

 benefits thereof to the commnnity and after genera- 

 tions T Had I the eloquence of a Cicero, it might b» 

 exhausted on this subject." 



We would strongly recommend this subject to thi 

 attention of Cultivators in our own favored disiiioi. 

 In view of such results the friends of HorticuUuu 

 should want no other inducement to as-soeiate them- 

 selves together for the purpose of promoting Horticul- 

 tural improvements. Every instance where propi r 

 attention is bestowed lo this branch of industry. proves 

 most satisfactorily that we possess the means, if we 

 only avail ourselves of them, to excel both in quantity 

 and quality of our Horticultural prodijctiot)f. At the 

 • Mr Cattan, '.lie Uriti^ti <-'oun*iii :iji iir- i eJ ^1 e:ri. 



ate Agricultural Fair for this county the exhibition el 

 garden productions was excetdingly limited, only 

 •cboul half a dozen exhibitoTs ol frnit — two or three of 

 dowers, and five or six of the more common sorts of 

 vegetables. This, for the Horticultural deparlmeiit 

 of the Fair for the whole county ol' Monroe, will I.e 

 admitted by all to be far from what it ought to be, and 

 argues forcibly the necessity of making some move- 

 ment that will excite more general interest on aeub. 

 jcct of such vast impoitancc to the piililic. P. 



From t/ic Atbany CuHitalor, 

 The Short Horns as Milkcis. 



Mi;ssne. G.wi.oki) & Tuckfr — In the .luno No. 

 (if the Cultivator there appealed an article, signed 

 Lewis F. Alien, in wiiich ihe opinion was advanced, 

 that the unproved Short Horns were the stock bett 

 adapted for New-England dailies; 



The ability with v,hich Ibis article is written, and 

 the suorce from which it comes, ensures it great 

 weight with your readers. But as this opinion ia 

 contrary to that of most agricultiirnlists in this neigh- 

 borhood, (the vicinity of Boston) I havcbeeu in hopes 

 of seeing an answer to it in your pnper by some one 

 more familiar with this subject than mj'felf. 



That this stock is the best suited to the rich pastures 

 iind 'or'ile lands of New-York and the Western slates 

 appears to be generally admitted. Arc they equally 

 well suited to the thin soils and scanty pastuieaof 

 New-England ? 



In the fear of saying too much for his favorites, Mr. 

 A. has given them less praise in some respeits than 

 we should readily conced to them. He eomparis 

 them with our average native cows ; we are in tl e 

 liabit of comparing them with our good dairy cows. 

 The quantity of milk given by the Short Iloinsas 

 compaied with our average native cows is greater than 

 Mr. Allen asserts. Thequaliiy of the milk is con- 

 sidered by us generally as iufeiior to that of the com- 

 mon cows of the country. Much of it would not, I 

 ibink, sell readily for milk. This is contrary to Mr. 

 A's experience with his Short Home ; and there are 

 (certainly among the grade cows) many exceptions to 

 It here : 



Writers are too apt to forget that the most impor- 

 tant question, and what we really want to know ip, 

 what stock or.stocks will give us the befcl and ch< ap- 

 est milk, butter, cheese, and beef; and not «hat 

 stock will give us the most per eapilem. If it costs 

 three times as much to raise and to keep an imp'Oi- 

 ed Shoit Horn in our climate and on onr soil as one 

 of the native breed, although it gives l«icc the butter 

 and cheese and twice the beef, it may be a poor stock 

 tor us. 



No one here I thiiik would be inclined to accept 

 the wager oflered by Mr. Allen at the end of his 

 communication ; for we do not contend that ten or 

 twenty cows, which should be a fair average of the 

 native breed of New-England, wuuld give as much 

 milk, butter and cheese as ten or twenty cows of a 

 bleed of nearly twice their size when both lots had 

 as much nutritive food as they collide at. That, our 

 ceiws seldom have all the} ear round. 



-iMr. A. refers to British publications to prove the 

 superiority of the Short Horns. PV'llowing his ex- 

 ample, I will quote the Briiifeh Husbandry and Low, 

 as the best Briiish authorities 1 know e.f on this siib- 

 icct. In British Husbandry, eh. 36, on milch cows. 

 It is siad, ** the breed most in esteem with the London 

 cow keepers who sell the milk without making butter 

 or cheese, is of the old Yorkshire slock, or a cross be- 

 tween the Twceswater and Holderness, as producing 

 '.be greatest quanliiy ; for they aie in that case roiled 

 lu the house, aiul of course provided with an abund- 

 ance ot cut grass brewers' grains, and succulent loots ; 

 but when grazed, they requite veiy good pastuie, and 

 lire not generally consieleicd to prodnce milkol a lich 

 quality. But the breed which of all others appeals to 

 lie gaining ground throu{.hout the United Kingdom 

 for abundant produce upon ordinary pasture is the 

 Ayrehiie kyloe." 



David Low in his Elements of Practical Agricul- 

 ture says, " by long attention to \\lf characters U:i:l in- 

 dicate a disposition to yield milk, the breed of Ayr- 

 -hire has become greaily more esteemed tor the dairy 

 than other animals much superior to them in size and 

 leeding qualities." 



I hope 10 See this sniiject more thoroughly diecrs.'sed 

 in your journal by flir Allen and others, who, lil e 

 him, speak lorcibly what they sincerely believe. 



A YOUNG FAR.MER. 



Vicinity nf Poslon, Sept. C", It-ll. 



