No. 1. 



AND G AKIH.XKR'S JOURNAL. 



11 



to uond in your foolsteps, niul to pcifccl nnd carry oui 

 tUe iinprovemciits wbicli you biuo commenced. So 

 Ihcy will come up lo uiko ilioir pinces in society, feel- 

 intr, and truly too, ihnt the occupniion ol' the ngiicitl- 

 tui-ist IS both honornblc nnd reapeetnblc — nnd so ibey 

 will be kept in n grcnt niensurc from the indulgence 

 of a foolisb pride, nnd from encouraging in tbeir 

 breasts a vain ambition wbicb can never be realized. 

 And you may be sure that in b-ubaMpicnt life tbey will 

 be called to till sncb stations of bonor or of trust, ne 

 tboy may seem to be lined for, by their talents, tbeir 

 acquirements and tbeir worth. At all events, they 

 will beuiel'id, respeciobleandeubstnntinl citizens, ccn- 

 tcnted and happy themselves, and dispense boppinees 

 and comfort to all around them. How much better, 

 how much more ralioniil, how much mole honorable 

 and respectable thus to be, than for young men lo start 

 off with the idea of being line gentlemen, and at- 

 tempting to live upon the scanty pittance furnished 

 thcni by their wits. Such unhappy and misguided 

 young men, soon become the small politicians ol your 

 villages, or the brawlers of the grog-shop, and will 

 soon end their career, if not in crime, in neglect and 

 insignificnnce. 



" The fostering, buildins; up and sustaining of the 

 Common School system, is to the farmer of paramount 

 importance. To the Common School must he look, 

 mainly, for the education ot his children, and for the 

 suppo'rtof such schools should he be willing to make 

 8'':nc of the largest sacriliccs; or rather he should 

 not call any thing which he does in that behalf a sacri- 

 fice. Let efforts be at once made lo introduce into 

 all our common schools, all those desirable improve- 

 nienls in education which the experience of the nge 

 suggests. Let none but suiloble and competent in- 

 eiructors be engaged, nnd whatever the cost of such 

 may be, let the expense ho cheerfully met. Let not 

 instruction beconlined to the mere elements of educa- 

 tion, such as reading and spelling, but let the physical 

 and natural sciences he introduced, nnd proper instruc- 

 tion given in all those higher departments which are 

 calcuinted to expand the minds, nnd make business 

 men and women of your sons and daughters. Let ele- 

 mentary books on agriculture be introduced into the 

 schools, that the education of your children may be 

 in pnrtat least, nn agricultural education, nnd howev- 

 er learned or renowned they mny subsequently be- 

 come in the world of letters, they never will despise 

 the calling to which tbeir fathers were nttnched. — 

 Let the standard of the moral character be elevated, 

 and let the culiivniion of the religions affections and 

 princioles not be neglected. Thus educnled nnd thus 

 reared in habits of industry, they mny be s&felysent 

 forth to enact their part on the stage of life." 



Why don't he do it! 



When the Farmer knows, that a gate is better, nnd 

 as a time and labor saving li.\ture cheaper, than a set 

 ol bars and posts, and without calling on a carpenter 

 he can himself make one, Why don't he do it- 



When he has no other fastenings to his gntes nnd 

 barn doors iban a rock rolled ngninst them, and in a 

 single evening after supper is able tii make a better, 

 ir/ii/ don't he do it? 



And when ho knows it's better nnd more profitable 

 to have good fences tbnn poor, Why don't he do it- 



Or if be thinks it will not quite cost to make good 

 fences, and only thinks so, and ;lu8 mere guess work, 

 and by calling on Mr. Townsend of East Haven cnn 

 Bicertain ihe facts in relation to it. Why don't he do itf 



Or if he wishes to see some of the most approved 

 fixtures appertaining to farm buildings and the keep- 

 ing and feeding of stock, &c. &c., and cnn do so by 

 calling on the above named gentleman, Why don't he 

 do it ? 



Or when he sees the hoards dropping from his barns 

 and out buildings, and like heaps of rubbish lying in 

 piles about his premises, and need only nailing on 

 again. Why don't he do it ? 



Or if he is afraid of the expense of nails and is 

 always crying up the maxim of Doct. Franklin, to 

 " save the pence nnd the pounds will take care of tbem- 

 eelves," and he knows that the same Doct. Franklin 

 also said that " mnny men nie penny wise nnd pound 

 oolish," nnd he is not careful lo think of the precept 

 contained in the loiter. Why don't he do it? 



If ii is a saving of nearly half the manure of a 

 farmer's stock, by keeping them shut up in yards, in- 

 stead of running at large through most of the winter. 

 Why don the do it? 



If he knows that many of his fields would be great- 

 ly improved by ditching, and by the removal of large 

 stumps and stones, Why don't he do it ? 



And when he knows that his pastures would yield 

 Marl/ double the feed, and of a better <{uality, if the 



bushes were nil ,ut iin.i subdued. Why don't he do it ? 



And if he rnii nilil liliy per cent, to the product of 

 his clover liiM«, nnd evoii his [lasturcs, by the use of 

 Gypsum, Why don't he do it? 



If a farmer of fifty ncrcs hns (as be should have) 

 use for n good corn sbeller and one of the ninny im- 

 proved fnnning mills, nnd he has nol already obinined 

 both, Why don't he do it? 



And if It is chenper, adunlly chenpcr, to burn dry 

 wooil tlinn green, ami to use a stove instead of an 

 open fireplnce. Why don't he da it ? 



And linnlly, if every farmer is not a subscriber to 

 nn ngriculturnl paper, IVhy don't he do it ? — Farmers 



Gaz. h 



Cure for "Disease in Swine." 



Messhs. EtiiTOKS — In the November number of 

 the Farmer, 1 observed nn inquiry from ftlr. Webber 

 of Michigan, respecting ihe cause and cure of what 

 appears lo be the Blind Sluggers in Swine. 



As to the cause of this disease, I am not able to 

 speck decidedly; but suppose it to arise from n deter- 

 minntion of blood to the bead. Leaving the cause, 

 therefore, lo abler hands, I will proceed to the cure. 

 Catch the hog, and with a tharp knife, make an incis- 

 ion through the skin, 2or2J inches in length, vertical- 

 ly on the forehead, about IJ inches below the top of 

 the head, and insert into the wound and under the 

 skin, as much fine salt ns possible. Repeot the appli- 

 cation hourly, and it will very soon effect a cure. 

 Respectfully your's, &c. 



ZECHARIAHdPONE. 



Batavitt, Dee. 1840. 



Sowing Orchard Grass Seed. 



I should have answered your inquiry (in No. 10,) 

 respecting the quantity ofOrchard Grass Seed required 

 to sow an acre, &c., but I have been long absent from 

 home, and seeing the opinion of Dr. James Mease, 

 President of the Philadelphia Agricultural Society, in 

 your Nov. number, 1 have only to say, that my opin- 

 ion does not differ much from his, and I fully agree 

 with him on the advantage of sowing Orchard Grass 

 and Clover together. Yours, &c. 



ZECHARIAH C ONE. 



Beets for Cattle. 



As experience, and not speculation, is what farmers 

 need, I will give iny observations in feeding beets to 

 my cows during the two past winters. In 1833 1 put 

 up about 300 liushels of Mangel Wurtzel beets, 100 

 bushels of turnips and some potatoes for the purpose 

 of experimenting in feeding my catlle through the 

 winter, i knew nothing hut ihit whM 1 learned 

 from books, ns I was acquninted with r-.ol aimer in jf 

 am I yet) who fed with roots. At first 1 w.s ai a loss 

 to know how to feed them, whether in a raw olMe or 

 cooked, but having determined to try both plat.s, I 

 commenced the work and each did well. Young ani- 

 mals are peculiarly fond of the raw beets nnd thrive 

 astonishingly on ihem; but for cows that give milk, 

 they are better boiled, particularly if a steamer cnn be 

 used in the process. Though milk cows should have 

 raw beets once in every two or three days if grass can- 

 not be had. 



The turnips nnd potatoes were given precisely as 

 the beets; but 1 could not determirie that either had 

 the preference over the olber, as the cows gave about 

 the same quantity of milk, and their condition did not 

 seem changed by either, in feeding the same animals 

 with beets, it was easily told that one-third less than 

 of the turnips or potntoes would mnke them give the 

 snme quantity of milk, of heller quality, and they 

 showed better keep. The beetsmadelhe milk better, 

 the Duller belter, and the cows look much better. On 

 one half bushel of bccls per day lo each cow, with 

 straw nnd a little meal or bran mixed in, they contin- 

 ued in good condition through the winler, gave as 

 much milk ns in the summer, nnd the butter was as 

 full as good as in Mny. Myexpeiience during the 

 past winter (1839-40) while I fed on roots, only con- 

 firmed my former conelnaions. — Western Paper. 



Our Trade with Fiance, 



The New York Express of Wednesday, says — 

 " The export of specie has, in its operntions. been 

 quite remnrkable. Exchnuges on all Foreign pinces, 

 France excepted, have been in favor of this country. 

 No specie bag been wanted, and very little tuts been CuUurisU 



shipped to any other place. France has, particularly, 

 for the last three months, been receiving large sums 

 in silver. The question nnturnlly nrises, bow is tbist 

 Why is it thnt while there is a perfect reciprocity ii\ 

 trade with any other country to such a degree, ihnt 

 we neither receive nor pay any considerable sum in 

 specie, Fronco should bring us in debt at once lull 

 three millions of dollars; nnd taking it she takes not 

 gold, which we cnn spare, but will hnvc all silver, a 

 description of coin ibnt we cnnnot spare. The great 

 secret is, in the immeiiec introduction of silks. I be 

 duties being now removed, this description of goods 

 comes in nt very reduced rnics. rnsliion unfortunately 

 clothes our females in silke, and oven ibo males take a 

 large quonlity. 



" Our great staple, coiion, is the principal article 

 thnt is sent in payment, nnd »t ibe unprecedonled low 

 rates it is bringing in Europe, it falls short of a sudi- 

 cient sum to poy for our indebtedness. To England, 

 besides the vast sum we pay for goods, we have to pro- 

 vide for a large amount of intereet, and with all this 

 running against us, we arc cnoblcd lo square up with 

 produce; and yet with France, from whence we re- 

 ceive but little else than silks and wine, which contri- 

 bute but little to our national revenue, we arc con- 

 stantly in debt. Nor is there much prospect of any 

 favorable change, so long ns fashion runs in lavor of 

 silk goods. So long us they arc ndmittcd free, and so 

 long ns collon continues at the present low rate, i; is 

 hardly possible that there can be any change for the 



better." 



Uxercis', a Moral Duty. 



The faculties with which our Creator hns endowed 

 us, both physical and intellectual, are so dependent 

 upon exercise for their proper development, that no- 

 tion and industry must be regarded as among the pri- 

 mary duties of accountable man. " In all our con- 

 ceptions," says an ingenious writer, " exertion is con- 

 nected with succefs and renown." A triumph with- 

 out an enemy combatted, and a victory won; a prize 

 where no course is marked out and no conipeiiior 

 starts wiih us in the race, are notions which do not find 

 a ready admission into our minds. Such is our con- 

 stitution, that, according lo our usual train of think- 

 ing, thnt where there is no exertion, there cnn be nei- 

 ther honor or reward. Progress in moral and intel- 

 lectual excellence is our duty, our honor, nnd our in- 

 terest. To be stationary, or to retrograde, is disgrace- 

 ful. We came into the world feeble in body and in 

 mind, but with seeds of improvement in both; nnd 

 these seeds grow, according to the cultivation ihcy 

 receive from exercise. The body grows in slnture and 

 in strength, and the mind gradually expands. But 

 exercise is requisite to the development both of our 

 corporeal and mental capacities. In the course of 

 years indeed, the body grows; but without exercise, 

 it is lumpish, feeble, and inactive; and the mind, 

 wholly undisciplined, remains in a weak and infanlila 

 sinte. The exercise which is requisite in order ta 

 bodily henlth and vigor, and the evolution of our mor 

 nl and intellectual powers, is not only the chief meant 

 uf our improvement, hut also the main source of hnp. 

 piness. Without exercise of body and of mind, there 

 can be no happiness. 



In one respect the farmer hns the advantage of al- 

 most all other classes of the laboring community; his 

 evenings he has to himself, while the mechanic has to 

 labor from morning till 9 o'clock in the evening, the 

 farmer's day commences with the rising and closes 

 with the setting of the sun. Although the indusirioua 

 farmer finds many little jobs of work, to which ha 

 very economically appropriaes his evening leisure, 

 yet the greater part of the long winter evenings he 

 can appropriate to his amusement and instruction. Ir 

 no place do we see more cheerful countennncest as 

 nround the blazing fire upon the farmer's hearth. 

 There, nt the merry npple paring, or at the neighboi 

 ing collection, or even in the fnmily circle alone, do 

 we find social happiness in its pure simplicity. What 

 an opportunity this, for an acquisition of knowledge 1 

 What farmer who improves these opportunities cnn 

 but be intelligent ? And what instruction so inte- 

 resting as thnt which gives him a knowledge of his 

 own employment ? Here we would suggest the im- 

 portance of every farmer having a supply of agricultu- 

 ral books and pajiers. It seems to us that no one cnn 

 be insensible to their utility. If this should be a sug- 

 gestion of self interest, which we do nol deny, sl.U we 

 believe it coincides with the interest of the i'armer. 

 We will nol enlarge on this subject, as we apprehend 

 it would not convey that knowledge which we recom- 

 mend. We will barely say, ihnt we expect our sub- 

 scribers to increase ns the evenings lengthen — Hilk 



