AND GARDENER'S JOURNAL. 



27 



•d nitli tho rural art is of tlio more lafling 

 ICC than cotfccling Ihc coiistilulional ilc- 

 i soil. The best liorliculturists and market 

 s arc many of them perhaps unacquainted 

 Ihenry, )ct perfectly understand llic great 

 om that practice; and in this particular 

 ion, they are all of them superior to many 

 farnura. How oflen do we see a stift'soil 

 a fitcH degree from that cause only ; yet 

 ;iiiity of a sandpit and ac|joining most bogs 

 t considerable breadth of coherent land, 

 ight bo made double its present value, by 

 and liberal top dressings of peat, whi'^h is 

 oductivc from causes of a contrary nature, 

 ent poverly of many extensive tracts of 

 manifest exhibition of the want of skill or 

 ! of their owucrs and cultivators. 



Public liuuls— jGmigrants. 



the year iSSa, tke sales of public lands bad 

 d more than ttree millions per annum. In 

 'M, however, in consequence of the spccu- 

 in of that period, the sales of a single year 



to abeiu lifteen millions, and formed one of 



)al items in the vast increitee of the public 

 Ik 18'?7, they were suddenly reduced to a- 



^usl amount, 

 however, is the public domain, so great the 

 both foreign and domestic, and so very ier- 



npiing the broad plains of Illinois, Indiana, 

 Missouri, that the pennanent average 

 public land sales ia now veiy much increns- 



re that in the year 18.33, the number r.facris 

 414,907. Tbo purchase mone'; ^J,'.i05.- 

 ng the thiee first quarters of the year 18o9, 

 showed the following rpjults : — 



e-- spid, 3,771 ,994 



chase money, $4,706,852 



the 4'b quar'.er, we have receips for 1839, 



1830 was not deemed a prosperous year, 

 that year we have the large amoujit of about 

 s of dollars, received into the treasury on 



public lands. This may be deemed some- 

 he future average receipts from this source 



ippsse 160 acres to he the average quantity 

 each person, (and we suppose it is very near 

 lust be 24,000 persons buy public lands each 

 iS number, as heads of families, represent 

 srsons. Of this aggregate, abou\ 70,000 

 emigrants, and the residue domestic popu- 

 iging residence. 



iult corresponds very nearly, we believe, 

 tual fact. Such a fact as this shows how 

 popidation is changing, and with what gi- 

 es the vast waves of the people move over 

 our country. In ten yeorg, more than a 

 teople have moved from the shores of the 

 le Connecticut, and the Delaware, or the 

 It lands of England^ Ireland, and Germa- 

 3 on the plains of the West. And in ten 

 this million will add from three to four 

 oueand to their number, by natural in- 

 1 thus is the Great Western Empire exten- 

 ts and multiplying its numbers in a con- 

 easing proportion. — Cincinnati. Chronicle. 



The Riches of the West. 



before us the agricultural returns of nine 

 f Monroe county, N. Y. , containing 22,- 



The result is astonishing. It is proof 

 jf the immense and olmost illimitable re- 

 hese heaven-blessed United States. These 

 jce in gross as follows ; — 



553,000 bushels. 



245,000 " 



n 184,000 " 



noes, 320,000 " 



ir, 110,000 lbs. 



tuous liquors, 2,200. bbls. 



! is only a part! Such triflihg affairs as 



dairies, manufactures, &c. &c., we have 

 , . But look at the result. Every living 

 woman, and child, has in tUe-*Joiment, 



n the productions, 25 bushels of wheat, 12 

 ,19, 9 bushels of corn, 14 bushels of pots- 

 jf 'siigor. &/:■ Or any head of a family 



' '""<='^ bread'", '7"«h'P'' "'^e at least 

 ""on, and oiher .hi °' ^""^ necessary for 

 "•'ftlungsm proportion ! 



But if the render he a little surprised at this, he will 

 be more so, when ho leorns that these same towns 

 made $1115,000 worth of butter and cheese; raised 

 $32,000 worth of fruit; made l!ii40,000 worth of 

 home cloth; and produced .'«;4.5O,OO0 worth of manu- 

 factured articles; or $30,00 a piece for each living 

 soul. This ali'ords matter for comment, not only on 

 ihc phi/sical but the moral condition of the county — 

 None "hut a country in the highest moral condition, 

 can produce suoh a result. These people arc not only 

 well oir, independent, but they are the richest in the 

 world. Nor is this on isolated example. Our own 

 Western Reserve will chuvv the same result; so will 

 innnv other districts. 



Beside these whont fields rise the village church 

 ond the village school. There are happy faces, young 

 and old, arouiul them. Long may they enjoy the 

 peaceful fruit* oi hajni}', independent labor ! — Ciw.in- ' 

 nati Chronicle. 



Riches of Ohio. 



We have taken occasion to ilUistrnte thp great \'e- 

 sources of our country, and espcciall'; ibo VVesiern 

 portion of it, by the statistics of ^ part of Monroe 

 county, N. Y. The result ot l^at inquiry was, that 

 the people of that section actually raised near /re 

 tiincs as much breud-slnjf „s ij^^y could consume, end 

 iheret'oxe four Jijlhs o'. u was positive profit. 



We shall now contume the illustration of this fact, 

 by the agricuUiirrJ^ slalislics of Wavnk county, Ohio, 

 as publi^.'iied i;.i ihc Il'uos(cr Democrat. 



Wayr.i county is a large county, conlaining some 

 700, or 800 square miles, on the great central table 

 ■and of the State; punoking of the same general 

 character as that vast plateau which extends from the 

 fool of the Alleghiuiies to the Mississippi. It is not 

 intersected by any of the great internal improvements 

 (canal or railroad) in the State. It is therefore a fair 

 specimen of the agricultural condition of Ohio. 



The county of Wayne contains about 8,000 male 

 adults which may therefore stand as representatives 

 of i\ie families. Of these, 7,000 or 7-8ili8 of the 

 wktole ore farmers. 



We will now see what proportion of hread-stvffs, 

 or what may be deemed the staff of life to man, is 

 raised in this county. 



Wheat, • • ■ 753,000 bushels. 



Rye 50,000 " 



Buckwheat 20,000 " 



Corn, 3:)5,000 " 



Potatoes 132,000 " 



Of these articles we may exclude from men corn, 

 which, though bread-stuff, is in Ohio chiefly fed to 

 animals, and includeyjo/a'oes, of which man is almost 

 the only consumer. We have then, 945,000 bushels 

 of grain, or its equivalent, used as the food of man. 



Allowing the usual average for the consumption of 

 these articles by the population of Wayne, and the re- 

 sult is thot the people there raise ybur and a half limes 

 asmuchbresd-stulVasthey consume. In other words, 

 of 4i bushels of grain raised in that county, 3i moy 

 be set down for ciportation In this great fact we see 

 how it is that such enormous amounts of flour arrive 

 at the ports of Bufialo and New Orleans. At BulTa- 

 lo, 27,000 barrels of Ohio flour arrived in a single day I 

 But this is only one side of the statistics of this coun- 

 ty. There are raised in it, 



Oats 543,000 bushels. 



Hay, 38,000 tons. 



Wool, 120,000 lbs. 



Sugar, 177,000 " 



Horses and Mules, 82,000 



Ho»s, :6,000 



Sheep 75,000 



And, we may add, there are less than 1500 barrels 

 of Whiskey mode in the county. 



We give these tacts as speeimens^of the doniestic 

 industry, and the substiunial wealth of this prosperous 

 nation. We doubt whether any thing like it can be 

 found in the history of nations. It is every man 

 (with few rare exceptions) sitting under his own (not 

 vine and fig tree) fruit trees, looking over his own 

 waving fields, enjoying the rewards of bis own labor, 

 secured by wis*and equal lows, under a free govern- 

 mentiind a merciful Providence. It brings us back, in 

 idea, to the days oi Abraham, with the addition of 

 blessing^ which Abraham knew i^ot of. This is De- 

 mocracy in America, whioh iieither needs -flie feom- 

 menls'qf Philgsophv hor (d^gongg of.POPVty to be 

 seen, felt, and undjistorxt — r<;w~->.^-c 



made by boiling down the juice or cider; for this will 

 be likely to change in some measure by the vinous 

 feriiiontalion. before it can be boiled down. — American, 

 rurmcr. 



"AiTLK Molasses There ia many a good house- 

 wife who has more faith in her own experience thon 

 in the science of cbeinistry, that knows not tho valuo 

 of apple molasses; but eliil believes it lo be the snmo 

 kind of tart, smoky, worthless eiutVthol hos from time 

 immemorial been made by boiling down cider. It is 

 not within my province, at this time, to attempt to 

 convince such that there is a chemical ditl'erence, 

 though it might easily be shown that ihey are almost 

 as different na sugor ond vinegar. I would, howev- 

 er, invite them to loy aside their cider this year, and 

 try the plan of boiling down the juice of the appio 

 that has not been exposed to the air by grinding and 



Lost autumn I placed a number of busheU of 

 Wetherill's sweeting apples in two large bross kettles, 

 with water just siithcient lo steam iheni: when they 

 boiled sotv 1 tnmed ihem into a new splinter bosket, 

 contaimng some straw, and placed on them a barrel 

 head tnd a heavy weight. The juice was caught in a 

 tub. This was repealed ui,:;.' J l^nd juice enough to 

 fill tho kettle, when I commenced boiling oown, and 

 attended to it strictly, till it became of the conaistencTn 

 o{ cone molasses. The native acids of the fruit, im 

 parted a peculiar flavor, otherwise it could liariiy b» 

 distinguished from the syrup of the cane. It was used 

 in my family for making swectmcita, pies, for dres 

 sing on puddings and griddle cakes, and a variety ot 

 other purposes. The cost of making is very trifling,^ _ 

 and the means are within the reach of every tatmet. 



Horticulture. 



BY MRS. LYDIA H. SlGOUl INEV. 



If the admiration of the beautiful Jbings of aatnre, 

 has a tendency to soften and refine the characttr, the 

 culture of them hos a still more powerf "J *'}'' ""'^"^ 

 influence. It tokes the form of an oh eclinn. 1 he 

 seed which we hove nursed, the tree of "UT plonung, 

 under whose shade we sit with delight, arc '» "^'"* ' 

 living, loving friends. In proportion to the core we 

 have bestowed on ihem, is the warmth of t '"r regord. 

 They are also gentle and persuasive teacht rs ot ilia 

 goodness, who causcih the sun to shine and t "e ".e^^ '° 

 distil ; who forgets not the tender buried vine arnid the 

 snows and ice of winter, but bringeth forth *p root 

 long hidden from the eye of man, into vernal a\ dendor, 

 or autumnal fruitage. 



The lessons learned among the works of nat. ^•re are 

 of peculiar value in the present age. The rt stless- 

 ness and din of the rail road principles, whicl \ Pf" 

 vodes its operotions, and the spirit of accumu. "''""^ 

 which threotens to corrode every geneious sensib '"'.y» 

 are modified by the sweet friendship of the q ^ 

 plants. The toil, the hurry, the speculation, the t 

 den reverse which mark our own times, beyond i 

 that hove preceded them, render it peculiorly soluta 

 for us to heed the admonition of our Saviour, and tal 

 instruction from the lilies of the field, those peaceiu 

 denizens of the bounty of heaven. 



Horticulture has been pronounced by medical men# 

 as salutary to health, and to cheerfulness of spirits: 

 and it would seem that this theory might be sustained, 

 by the placid and happy countenances of those who 

 use it as a relaxation from the e.xcitement of business, 

 or the exhaustion of study. And if he, who devotes 

 his leisure to the culture of the works of nature, bene- 

 fits himself — he who beautifies a garden for the eye of 

 the community, is surely a public benefactor. He in- 

 stils into the bosom of the man of the world, panting 

 with the gold fever, gentle thoughts, which do good 

 like a medicine. He cheers the desponding invalid, 

 and mokestheeyeof the child brightenwithamore in- 

 tense happiness. He furnishes pure aliment for that 

 taste which refines character and multiplies simple 

 pleasures. To those who earn their substance by la- 

 boring on his grounds, he stands in the light of a ben- 

 efootor. The kind of industry which he promotes, is 

 favorable to simplicity and virtue. With one of the 

 sweetest poets of our molh.-r land, we may soy, 



" Praise to the sturdy spade, 



pie crook, 



'■K- 



, The Ohio Farmtf^'"^'",'''^- 



W apple molasses, and'we ^''-^ing ^ode of mo- 



moreswset, and for some r "^^ "» doubt that it is 



fUrpeio* (»jperior tpi that 



ud- 

 ny- 



ry 



And patent Plough, .ind sl.eiilierd'i 

 Ami let the light iiiei-hanlc's tool lie hailed 

 With honor, which encasing hy the power 

 qX long cjompanionship, the laliorer's hand, 

 Cut off th.1t hand, with all its world ol nerves, 

 From ft t()o Uus^ corann?r<;e with the heart." 



«-> '\'. feftt"r<^* ' v,pa\\^lf ^V" ,«b\c. ^^ ^ ^ 



Tri '' 

 prop 

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