on 



confined to apples, and always to the late fall and 

 winter apples; summer and early harvest varieties 

 almost invariably being regular bearers, for this rea- 

 son: they mature their fruit and get rid of their bur- 

 den in time to recruit strength, make shoots and form 

 buds for the next year's crop; whereas the over bur- 

 dened winter apple tree holds on to its fruit as long as 

 its foliage, and consefjueutly requires the next year to 

 rest, to recruit its exhausted strength, and form buds 

 &c., to produce fruit. In my opinion, this is a part 

 of the subject worthy of paying more attention to than 

 is generally paid; and if people who have young or- 

 chards, or only a few trees around their door yards, 

 were to take the trouble to thin out the young apples 

 to one or two to a bunch, on obeerving their young 

 trees assuming these habits, the result wmild be, the 

 fruit left on would be so much larger and finer, that 

 the quantity would be increased in bulk, though not 

 in number, to as much as if they were all left on, and 

 the buds, divested of the young fruit, would have time 

 to form fruit buds for the next year; and by pursuing 

 this system for a lew years, when trees first come in- 

 to bearing, much may be done to alter the system of 

 bearing in alternate years. 



In reference to projmsition No. 3, in my opinion, if 

 a stock 16 diseased, it will communicate it to the scion, 

 and consequently affect the future tree; for instance, I 

 :hink succors, or layers, or even seedlings, raised from 

 fruit of diseased trees, will communicate the disease 

 of the parent stock to any scion that may be worked 

 on to it This I have observed always to be the gene- 

 ral rule, though occasionally an exception. 



Respecting proposition No. 4, lam not ready to en- 

 ter into at present. And finally, respecting your cur- ' 

 rant bushes. We frequently see currant bushes and 

 other trees, partly in a state of decay, whilst the other 

 part flourished luxuriantly; and in the case of the pa- 

 rent stock of your bushes, though apparently in good 

 health when slips or cuttings were taken ofl", may, if 

 left on, show the disease in some of those identical 

 shoots taken off the following year; but being taken 

 off, it appears in the individual plants, and conse- 

 quently the superiority of some of your currant bush- 

 es over the others. 



ONE OF YOUR SUBSCxIlBERS. 



THEJVEW^GENESpTARMEI^ 



Oiange Co., 184J. 



yar the A'ew Genesee Farmer. 

 PEARS. 



Who is not fond of good pears ? To my taste there 

 i» no fruit, not even that of tropical climes, equal to a 

 luscious, melting pear. Few of our farmers know 

 any thing about good pears. Most of this fruit culti- 

 voted by them, is of very inferior quality, and yet con- 

 sidered good by those who know of no belter. But 

 very little is cultivated. Many are discouraged from 

 undertaking to raise pears, from the idea that it lakes 

 a man his life time almost, toobtain fruit'by setting out 

 young trees. This idea is very erroneous in reference 

 to grn/tcd trees. 1 hough it takes a pear tree from 

 twelve to fifteen years to bear from the seed, yet the 

 ff^A taken from a bearing tree, will bear as soon as 

 any other kind of fruit-in two or three years 



lu the spring of 1837 the writer received scions of 

 several choice varieties of pears from Messrs. Kenrick 

 D. Thomas J. A. Lazelle, and others, which were 

 then engrafted, mostly on small trees set out that 

 spring. In 1839 several of them bore a fe>v, and last 

 year some of them bore plentifully. Among these 

 were the Julienne or Bloodgood, Madeline, Bartleit 



^eTfTf'.^T ^"''"'"■' ^"'"^ ^^-'' Lemon 

 P r of Scotland, Bozi de La Motte, Capiamont, (so 

 called, but not the true Capiamont,) Heathcot, W n- 

 tcr Nelis and Prince's Virgaliet,. Moat of these 

 provstobccclleu,, Tk. MUnne, n.^ningZ 



lauer part of July, is good, but hardly equal to the 

 Madeline, which is larger and ripens about the same 

 time. The Barlle//, wliich Kenrick thinks is the 

 same as the Williams' Bon chrctien, is a most capital 

 pear, ripe in Sept., large, buttery, and ofa high mue- 

 ky flavor, sound at the core. Henry fourth, one of 

 the new Belgian pears raised by Dr. Van Monsis tru- 

 y exeeUent; ripening in October, of moderate size, 

 buttery, resembling very much in flavor the Seckel 

 ibough not so sweet, and like this, growing in clus' 

 ters. It must be eaten as soon as it becomes mellow. 

 It 16, in eating, a litde before the Virgalieu. Passe 

 Colmar is described as one of the very best pears 

 originated by Van Mons. It sustains its character, 

 though to some tastes it would be considered too sweet 

 It resembles, in flavor, a rich citron or pine apple meli 

 on. It IS n winter pear, of medium size, growirg in 

 c ustcrs and a great bearer. Beurre Diet is another 

 of the New Belgian pears, and a noble one it is; large 

 buttery, and fine flavored. Though described as a 

 wuuer pear, it can hardly be called such, as it was in 

 eating in November. Lemon pear of Seotland is a 

 good sized, handsome fruit, ripening in October and 

 November; yellow at maturity; buttery, with an a- 

 greeabe acid; not high flavored, but a good pear. 

 Bczv dc La Motic is an old but good variety; ripe in 

 November, it is of good size; buttery, and ofa pecu- 

 liar flavor. I, is worthy of cultivation. Capiamont. 

 The pear I received by this name, is a late fall pear 

 of moderate size, of a russet color, tapering to the 

 I stock, moderalely acid, of pretty good flavor; but it 

 answers not all the description of the true kind, which 

 npens in September, and is said to be a "large and a 

 most delicious and beautiful fruit." A scion of the 

 true kind was recently obtained from Mr. J. A. Lazelle 

 of Columbus, Ohio, who says of it, "I have hod the 

 true Capiamont fruit this Bemon— first rate The 

 Capiamont that was in the country previous to the 

 receipt of scions direct from Dr. Van Mons, by Mes 

 sr.. Kenrick and Manning, is said to have been errone 

 ous." Hcatkcot. The scions of this were obtained I 

 from Mr. Kenrick, who describes it as "a native 

 pear, a capital wriety, which deserves to be ranked 

 with the Seckel and Bartlett." There must have I 

 been some error about it, as Mr. Kenrick says itripens 

 " m September;" whereas, the fruit from the scions 

 he sent, did not ripen till January. Jt could not have 

 been the true kind— probably a mistake. It was how- 

 ever, a good winter fruit, of moderate size, green 

 juicy, and of a pleasant flavor. Winla- Nclis is a 

 small russct-colored fruit, buttery, but of very little 

 flavor; hardly worth cultivating when there are so 

 many others that are better. Prince's Virgalieu is 

 another I would reject from my list of good pears 

 It is a winter pear, of/u/rsizeand appearance; green' 

 coarse, and of little flavor. It may be good for ba- 

 king, but IS hardly eatable as a table fruit. I have 

 cut the grafts off to give place to kinds more worth, 

 Of the above kinds, the Madeline, the Bartlett the 

 Henry Fourth, the Beurre Diel, and Passe Colmar 

 particularly, I would strongly recommend for cultiva- 

 tion to the lovers of this fruit, in addition to other 

 kinds of known and proved excellence, as the Virga 

 I.eu, Seckel, &e. I would mention as highly worthy I 

 of cultivation also, the Flemish Beauty, Foster, Dix 

 and Dearborn Seedling. Of the first two, Mr J A 

 Lazelle says, " The Flemish Beauty, I had fruit this 

 season. It is large and delicious; ripened in Septem- 

 ber. It needs to be taken off a little before it is ripe 

 and ripened in the house. The Foster is a delicious 

 iruit, to my taste superior to the far famed Seckel." 

 The Fostor, Dix, and Dearborn's Seedling, are Amer- 

 r,r, ?,'"' r'' ^u"" ''wellence. Others niir-ht be ad- 

 ded to this list, but my paper admonishes me I must 

 close this communication. n 



Vrbana, Feb , I94J. **' | 



Sowing Locust Seed. 



A correspondent in Yates Co. complains that he 

 lias found great difficulty in causing loeust seed to veg- 

 etale, and inquires what preparation is necessary to 

 ensure scccess. 



The difficulty is a very common one, but the reme- 

 dy is well known to most readers of agriculture! pa- 

 pei3. If the seed is perfect, all that is necessary is to 

 scald and soak it thorovgldy before sowing. By this 

 we do not mean soaking in hot water merely ; but pour 

 on two or three quarts oS boiling tcater, and let it soak 

 twenty-four hours, when the whole or a part of the 

 seeds will be swollen to three or/our times their for- 

 mer size. If only a part are swollen, ihey should be 

 separated, and the remainder scalded again When 

 thus prepared and swollen, they will vegetate almost 

 as freely as corn; but without this process, disappoint- 

 ment will almost invariable be the result. 



Cr It is still a good time to gather locust seed from 

 the trees; and if any of our young readers will collect 

 a quantity and take it to the Rochester Seed Store, 

 they will obtain a good price for it. 



Raising Fruit Trees from Cuttings. 



We have received several communications makinff 

 inquiries respecting the mnner of raising fruit trees 

 from cuttings; and we answer them all in one short 

 sentence. (D= We do not believe it can be done sue 

 cessfully. This popular error was pretty fully explo- 

 ded in our vol. 1, p. 210, and therefore we deem it un- 

 necessary to occupy more space with it at present. 



New subscribers are reminded that they can obtain 

 vol. 1. at the subscription price. 



" A Subscriber" is also referred to vol. ]. for infor- 

 mation respecting the worm in fruit trees. 



Raising Chestnut Trees for Timber. 



Messrs. Editors-I have 5 acres of new land- 

 soil clayey, but good, surface rolling, beach timber 

 predominating, which I intend to clear and plant with 

 chestnuts. 1 propose to prepare the ground for corn 

 and plant chestnuts in each alternate hill of every se 

 cond row, with the corn. I would repeat the planting 

 of corn for two or three years, and dress the youna 

 trees with the corn till they had attained sufficient size 

 then sow the land with grass-seed, and let the irce^ 

 grow for fence timber. 



Now if you or your correspondents, will eommu- 

 nicato through the medium of" our own paper" some 

 better plan, or throw some light on this subject I 

 will esteem it a favor, and will promise to inform you 

 of the results of my experiment. 



Iberia, Ohio, Feb.,lSM. "^- I>ARGITY. 



Remarlis—The plan proposed would probably suc- 

 ceed very well, if the soil is suitable for the chestnut- 

 but of this we have some doubts. This tree delights 

 in a deep sandy or gravelly soil, and is seldom found 

 on clayey soil, or where beech timber predominates 

 It IS worse than useless to attempt to raise forest trees 

 on soil thatis uncongenial to their growth; and if we 

 are not mistaken, Mr. D. had better abandon his pro- 

 ject, or select some other kind of tree. The subject 

 IS an important one however, and we will endeavor to 

 give more particular information respecting it next 

 month. — Eds. 



Ornamental Plants. 



It is our intention in this article to depart from our 

 usual course, and speak only of plants which we Imve 

 not seen, on the authority of others. 



, '" ^f '"' .*''""■" ^"'^«" D'^'^etory, printed in 

 1839, Clematis carulea is noticed as an "entirely 

 new climber," introduced from Japan to Europe by 

 Dr. \ an BicboW, It is arranged ajnong h«rdy plants^ 



