THE 



'-c'^St^' P™,Wo.,.J ^0I..2. ROCHESTER, APRII., 1841. NO. 4. \ Tb". LV^'^JiSs.rs. 



PUBL.ISHED MO:XTHIiV. 

 TEKMS, 



_j FY CENTS, per year, payable always in advance. 

 Masters, Agents, and others, sending money free of 

 ■, win receive seven copies for $3,— Tu!elve copies for 

 'irnilij-Jive copies for $10. 



" ■ ' paper is only one cent to any pl.ace 

 . . ... __ . ._ _-.|y part of 



50 



c of thi! 

 ihis'siate, aud' one and a half cents to i 

 led t^taies. 

 Iiscriptions must commence with the volu 



(stitched) can he furnished to new s 



hscribers. 

 ■iS BATEHAIM & CROSMAN, Rochester, N. Y. 



CONTENTS OP THIS NVMBEK. 



hers' Notices, &c. Hints for the Month. To Gar- ^ij, 



IS. New Silk Keel— Cocoons 49 



Vood. "Bots and Horse Bees." Rust on Wheat.. 51) 



Hay. Agricultura/ E.xperinients, Iheir depend- 



11 Climate and Soil. Peck's Pleasant (Apple.) 



p Throat in Swine. Effects of Plaster on Land. . . 51 



Discovery— How to render Wood Imperishable 



)inbustllile. Joint Interests of the North and 



their Inter-Statc Trade, &c 52 



phuiting Fruit Trees. Agriculture in Nova Scotia. 53 

 'ijnatures. Importance of Wheat Culture. 

 for Cutting Timber. Discovery in Sugar Ma- 



■■. Blue Grass and Quick (or Couch) Grass 34 



Srass Education of Farmers' Children, No. 3. 



■ Beets 55 



ins for April. Flowers in England. Wm. K. _ 



I's" Farmery 56 



Loalslature— Bill to Promote Ag. Horticultural 

 cing^at Rochester. Burlington Silk^Frame. Agri- 

 iral Implements Wanted. Chemical Apparatus. .. 57 

 Oil Beans— Kicinus. Cheap Laboratory. Hints to 



tern Emigrants. N. Y. State Ag. Society 5S 



lent of Peach Trees. Comparative Value of differ- 



kiniUof Silk Worms 5S 



3 .ind Profits of Agriculture. On Cattle. Coi. 



. ._r's Berkshiies 80 



ins's Wisconsin Plough (with Cut.) " The North- 



Ligiit." 61 



Past Winter. Vegetable Oyster Puddings A Scene 

 __ a. Minor. Cheap and durable Fences. Sliding 



tes for Bars 0-2 



acting Fruit Trees. Merino Sheep. Durham Cowi . 

 Milkers. Different Soils. Paying for Luxuries. ... tiS 

 rio Co. Aff. Society Notice. Pea-Nut Silk Worm 

 gs Wanted— Seed Store Notices, &.c. Reports of the 

 Titels. Advertisements. &c • 61 



Publishers' Notices. 



AoENTS AND Subscribers — An Explanation. — Thcnum- 

 f letters received daily at the Fanner office is very great, 

 etimes from 50 to lOU) and the health of the acting pub- I (|jq wheRt. 



iiotaironltoscnd the Fanner at the wholesale terms, (allow- 

 ing a commission) and if the discount is more than ten per 

 cent., we must return the money. (Several of the " Red 

 back" banks in Western New York have stopped payment 

 of late, and their bills are unsaleable at present.) The fol- 

 lowing arc the present rates of the p/jncip.il kinds of bills. 

 New England.. 



. a 10 dia 



fc-pccie, 



Pennsylvania, 



U. S. Bank,. . . .au 



Ohio 10 a U 



Canada 8 



Suspension Bridge,3 a 5 



The bills of till the Safely Fi 

 poslte by the Banks of th" 



■yl'ndStVirginia,lia lOdis 

 New .lersey, . ... 3tt '* 



Indiana, 10 " 



Illinois, 15(120 " 



Michigan 25 " 



nd Banks are received in de- 



.! and all the Free Banks arc 



received at the Rochester" City Bank, except the follow- 



All the 9 Banks at Buffalo— Bank of Western New York- 

 City Trust— Chelsea— Tenth Waid— Statcn Island— Far- 

 mers', Seneca Co.— Millers', Clyde— Tonawanda—Lodi— 

 I/Owville—Olean— Silver Creek— Alleghany— Blnghnmton — 

 "W^atertown — Cattaraugus — St. Lawrence — Exchange Bank 

 of Genesee at Alexander — Farmers' &. Mechanics' nt Bata- 

 via— James Bank— Dansville— Farmers' Bank of Orleans at 

 Gaines — Delaware— Mechanics' & Farmers' at Utica— 

 Washington. 



Several of the .ibove Banks are no doubt perfectly solvent 

 and will soon be again current —P.ochesttr Daihj Adv. 



To Readers p.nd Correspondents. 



We are gratified iti being able to give the names in full of 

 several new and valuable writers this month. Other com- 

 munications aye received, some of which will appear next 

 mouthy 'out sevetal, without proper signatures, we must 

 dcdine publishing. 



The Monroe County Ackiculturai. Society, it 

 Bhould be remembered, meet on the 5tli day of May, 

 to make arrangements for the season. 



■ will not at present allow him to give dosealtention to 

 ess ; so that letters are not usually re.ad by the publish- 

 hemselves unless they contain something of more than 

 jary Importance. This will explain many cases of ap- 

 nt neglect — especially such as omitting to send extra 

 es to agents entitled to them, but who have not aslicd for 

 [t will .also explain why letters of ackuowledgment 

 : not more generally been sent. 



irks in the oilicc are competent and careful, but they 

 not infallible, nor do they know every thing. Somemis- 

 made, but many complaints arise from the negli- 

 ge of the persons ordering the papers, in not^entioning 

 t Stale tht Port Office is in. There may be a dozen oflices 

 : same name in the United .States, and If the letter is not 

 ked, it is no wonder if the papers are sent wrong. 

 few cases h2Ve come to our knowledge where theletters 

 e evidently miscarried or been purloined from the mails^ 

 iioney lost. In such cases we consent to bear the 

 after being satisfied that the money was correctly mail- 

 id when informed of the particulars, we forward the 

 ers. 



Distressing Times! 



is too bad — we cannot endure it. What shall we do ? 

 s daily receive a gre.ater or less amount of money, on 



e have to sacrifice from 10 to 15 cents on a dollar, in 

 iount, and some bills we have to return to those who send 



iVe presume o^ir friends send us such money as they 

 poee to be good, and therefore we do not censure them-, 



lish to call their attention to the table below, and to 

 Tin th»ut Jlmt if there i3_discount on the money, we can- 



Hints for the Month. 



Clover nnd grass seed, if not already Kown, should 

 now be, as soon as possible, that they may receive the 

 full benefit of a moist soil, nnd a crumbling surface 

 from freezing nnd thawing, to assist vegetation. When 

 sown upon wheat, a light kaj rowing more effectually 

 insures their growth, and benefits rather than injures 

 Be sure to put on plenty of seed — a few 

 chillings more per acre in seed will often bring mnny 

 dollars more per acre in crop. Sinclair gives the case 

 of a farmer who always stocked heavy with grass seeds, 

 and who always as a consequence secured a heavy coal 

 of herbage the first year, ichicli differed from old pas- 

 ture only in being more luxuriant. 



The farmer should also remember the advantage of 

 a mixture of grass seeds, — difierent species subsisting 

 upon different parts of the soil — nnd that a given sur- 

 face of the soil will therefore support a much greater 

 number of plants of different, than of one and tlie same 



Spring wheat should bo sown as eotly as practica- 

 ble. If the soil be dry, it is best, like peas, if covered 

 by means of a light plough. Whore wheat has been 

 winter-killed, it may be advantageous to sow those 

 vacant spots witli spring wheat. 



Let all the manure which has been collecting during 

 winter be carted out on the land. To leave a large 

 heap unapplied is throwing awny money by handfuls — 

 a single load will often produce several bushels in- 

 crease of crop — an enormous waste results froin ne- 

 glect. But .where manure is not now applied, let it 

 be made into compost, by mixing soil, or what is far 

 better, swrnnp muck and peat, with it. One load of 

 stable manure, and three of peat, mixed together, with 

 a small addition of lime, will make four loads of com- 

 post, fully equal in effect, and far superior in applying 

 and mixing with the soil, to fotiy loads of stable ma- 

 nure. " Manure is money"---let it not be wasted. 

 Let all spring crops he put in, in the best manner; — 

 a good beginning makes a good end," — most com- 

 monly. Plough'well- — let furrow slices be narrow — 

 (except sward—) furrows six inches wide, will show 

 a much handsomer looking field after ploughing, than 

 those a fool wide. Try it. Thorough work is cheap- 

 est. 



Sleds, new out of use, should be well taken care of, 

 put under shelter, ond raised from the ground. Sleds, 

 cartwheels, &c. are often more injured by standing 

 on damp earth, by which decay soon commences, than 

 all the use, and (other) abuse, that they receive. 

 Transplanting trees must be done now, or very soon, — 

 or else put oft" another year. Formers! have you fruit 

 trees enovgh? — recollect they cost but little — and pro- 

 duce much. — Have you ornamental trees enough round 

 your house 1 — they are easily planted — cost but a tri- 

 fle — and make home delightful — rendering what is 

 invaluable, still more invaluable — now is the time. 



To Gardeners. 



Our readers will perceive by a notice in another 

 page, that a Hokticultural Society is about being 

 organized, and as an exhibition of Fruit, Flowers and 

 Vegetables, will be held some time during the sum-, 

 mer orfall, it would be well for gardeners and ama- 

 teurs to make early preparations. O.ir June No. will 

 contain the constitution of the Society and notice of 

 whatever arrangements may be made with yegard to 

 exhibitions. 



New meadows should be early and carefully picked 



of all loose or projecting stones, and the surface rolled 



smooth. By clearing off stones and filling covered 



ditches or building walls, the farmer kills at least three 



birds with one stone, — he enables the mower to cut 



more closely and thus save a larger crop of hay ; he 



prevents the frequent loss of hours in the thickes' 



haying from the dulling of scythes; nnd n 



and permanent fences are construe" ", 



Plaster should be sown e^-'^ , 



J , .,.•,. "■/.— as soon as the grass 



and clover starts a Ut'ie » i,„„i, i j , ,, , 



..le — a bushel and a half, or there 



New Silk Reel.,. 



■ "f 



I ul drains 



Mr. Joseph Alleyn of this '• , . .„j „ .v,.r 

 , oity, has invented a ma- 



chine for reeling and »■' :, ,,, ., .. ,i,„„„),, 



^pinning silk which It IS thought 

 wdl prove su-^- '^ " , t. • . „„;,- 



, , ..cnor to any now in use. It is not quite 



''^' ".^led, h'^i the public will soon have an opportuni- 

 ty of judging of its merits, A more particular ac- 

 count of it may be expected next month, 



Mr. Hiram Rabbins, near Allen's Creek, in tha 

 l.!wn of Brighton, offers to take a few bushels af co- 

 coons and manufacture them into sewing silk on equal 



quantity 



, — u.i, wi nm.li;- |_uullo ""^ ..."'. — . — 



abouts, to tne acre, ig ag y/^n ^^ three times that Isharea, (halves.) We have seen sewing silk rannu- 



[ facUil«tl.by hinij "nJ '' was of excellent qualiiy. 



