68 



THE NEW GENESEE FARMER, 



Gaideuiug for ApiiK 



The weather during the pnet month has been eo 

 wintery that but little could be done in the garden ex- 

 cept with hot-beds. No time should be lost this month, 

 when the weather will allow, in commencing tbe oper 

 tions of spring. IVIanure can best be carried on when 

 the ground is frozen. Prune or trim fruit trees and 

 bushes; repair espnliere, and procure new stakes for 

 raspberry bushes, &c . Dress asparagus and rhubarb 

 bods, and carry ofl', or burn all litter and rubbish. As 

 soon as the ground is in good order, select and prepare 

 the best apartments for early planting, and begin to 

 plant or sow the more hardy vegetables. 



Onion sets sliould be planted, and Peas, Lettuce, 

 Spinage, Parsnip and Salsify seeds sown as soon as 

 possible. Towards tbe latter part of the month, (ear- 

 lier in Ohio and other States south of this) sow seedsof 

 Carrot, Beet, Onion, and plant English Beans and early 

 Potatoes; and, if not sown in a hot-bed, sow Cabbage, 

 Cauliflower, Broccoli Tomato Pepper, Celery, &c. on 

 a warm border where they can be covered with mats 

 in time of frosts. 



In Ohio, and wherever danger from frost is not ap- 

 prehended, most kinds of garden seeds arc sown early 

 this month; but in this state, severe frosts sometimes 

 occur as late as the Ist week in May, and tender plants 

 must not be exposed till after that time. It will then 

 be time to sow Cucumber, iVIelon, Squash, Pumpkin, 

 Beans, Corn, Radish, Turnip, &c. ; also, most kinds 

 of herb and flower seeds. For remarks on sowing 

 flower seeds, see Vol. 1, P. 56. 



*,* 111 health of Mr. Bateham must be an apology 

 for the brevity of the remarks under this head. 



Flowers in England. 



From the Gnrdener'sChronicle of " Feb. 6, 1841," 

 published in London, and edited (in part) by Professor 

 Lindley, we make the following extracts: — 



" Penilandia mi.niata, a pretty bulbous plant from 

 Cusco in Peru, allied to Pancratium and Narcissus, 

 produces its clear scarlet flowers readily, and grows 

 very freely." 



" Geranium nihifoVmm. The erect habit of this 

 plant, and its large flowers distinguish it from G. nepa- 

 Icnse. It is a neat hardy perennial, scarcely exceed- 

 ing a foot in height. It should be planted in light soil, 

 or on rock work, as it is destroyed by tbe wet in win- 

 ter. It flowers in July and August; and may be in- 

 creased by dividing the roots when in a dormantstate, 

 or by seeds, which ore produced freely, but the seed- 

 ling will not flower before tbe second season. It was 

 raised in the garden of the Horticidtural Society, 

 from Himalayan seeds presented by Dr. Royle in 

 May 183.9." 



' ' Dahlias. A correspondent of the FloriiaUtural 

 Magazine, gives a long list of Prize Dahlias, from 

 ■which we extract the following names of varieties, 

 ■which according to this writer have gained more than 

 fifty prizes at the shows for 1840. 



Amato (Mountjoy's,) 79. 



Argo(Widnall'8,)51. 



Beauty of the plain (Sparry's,) 89. 



Climax (Jellery's, ) 89. 



Conductor (Widnall's,) 62. 



Defiance (Cox's,) 67. 



Duchess of Richmond, (Fowler's,) 63. 



Essex Rival (Sorrell's,) 109. 



Eva (Foster's,) 73. 



Grace Darling (Dod's,) 115. 



Hope (Neville's,; 105. 



Lewisham Rival (Mead's,) 98. 



Marquis of Lothian (Goodhall's, ) 123. 



Mary (Dod's,) 92. 



Miss Johnstone (Willison's,) 87. 



Ne Plus Ultra (Widnall's,) 92. 



Rienzi (Widnall's,) 100. 



Rival Sussex (Stanford's,) 109. 



Springfield Rival (Inwood's,) 122. 



Suflblk Hero (Girling's) 118. 



Topaz (Girling's,) 77. 



Unique (Ansell'e,) 164. 



Virgin Queen (Protheroe's,) 87." 

 " Rhododendron maximum grows mucli better in 

 shade than in sunny situations; the foliage is often 

 four times the usual size, and of a much finer green." 



Uimf 



WM. R. SMITH'S FARMERY. 



EXPLANATIONS. 



a. Root cellor filled from the windows, 10 feet wide including walls, h, alley, boarded on the stable i 

 to tbe top of tbe mangers, tour feet wide, c, stalls for the cows, &c., seven feet wide, d, ox stables, 8 | 

 wide. e, stalls for the horses, 5 feet wide. /, apartments for the ^m'tt ioys. g, room for boiling, slic 

 roots, «fcc. A, sheep troughs, with racks communicating with the loft above, i, calf shed. j, wagon sh 

 k, barn yards. Note. — The upper part of the above cut is a front view, and the lower part a ground plan.j 





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For the New Genesee Farmer. 



Messrs. Editors — It is very probable that the sketch of the barn above may strike many persons as 

 ing altogether too large and expensive for general use. This is diubtless true to a certain extent. Indi 

 my only hope is that some persons moy profit by some things described, as I have no expectation but that 

 ring faults will be found in the plan. The inconvenience resulting from want of arrangement in our fa 

 establishments is also great. 



On many farms, having nearly or quite as many buildings as those described, the barns, &c. are so p 

 ced as to require much additional labor in passing from one to the other, and in the feeding of the animals. 



Manures. — The man who at the present day neglects this important branch of labor, ought to be loofc 

 upon ns laying the foundation for future poverty. Yet, I venture to say, that not one person in fifty w 

 builds a barn, takes this subject into consideration, unless he may do so for the purpose of finding, as a frie; 

 of mine did, a high knoll, that the wash of his yards might give him no trouble. 



Several methods have been proposed for saving and increasing manure, but on the whole, the pli 

 adopted by Judge Buel seems to me best adapted to our circumstances. This consisted, as the readers of ll 

 " Genesee Farmer" will remember, in shaping tbe yard like a dish, leaving a margin of ten or twelve fe H Wi 

 quite round the outside. With tliis, if straw be freely scattered weekly over the whole, and the litter froi | u ik 

 the stables wheeled out and spread, subject to the treading of the catfle, ten times the usual quantity will a \ Sel 

 cumulate. ! 



Again, it is the decision of some of our best New England farmers that pork making is a losing businesi 

 unless particular attention be paid to the compost heap. If this be true where great economy is used in feed 



whot will be the fate of those, who, like myself, have no boiling apparatus nor economical hog yard 7 



In the sketcla, I have placed this yard in the centre, where the excavation is the deepest. 



Roots are justly coming into general use; but no systematic mode of feeding can be adopted unlei 

 they are accessible at all times. The long, narrow cellar exhibited in the plan, I think will be found verj 

 convenient. A sort of hopper with a grated bottom might be placed in tbe windows, into which the car 

 would be emptied. | 



The extreme wing at the right in the elevation is the corriage and tool house ; to the left of this is thsj 

 grain barn, say 32 feet front by 45 leet deep, leaving long, narrow bays on each side the floor. The straw 

 stack is directly back of this, and on the west side of the yards. 



The centre building has the corn crib and general store room, occupying two-thirds of its length from tho 

 back end, which communicates by a trap door with the boiling vats below. ; 



The front is used for a shop, stairway, &c. 



To the right and left of this are the hay lofts, which communicate with the feeding alleys below. 



The large building on tho left, corresponding with the grain barn, covers the sheep house — the plan of 

 which may be thought somewhat whimsical. 1 know tbe strongest of these useful animals can live, though 

 exposed to the storms of snow and sleet incidental to stack feeding; but it is susceptible of the clearest proof, 

 that the expense of a comfortable shed is more than paid for by the increased quantity of wool and flesh. I 

 propose that ranges of feeding troughs, four in number, should be placed in the basement, running from the 

 alley to the back end. These are to consist of a rack, and mangerat the bottom; the two outer ones single, 

 and placed against the wall; the inner double, that is, to supply food from each side. The racks wiU commu- 

 nicate with the floor above, from which they are to be supplied with hay. 



A narrow floor communicating with the doors shown in the figure, ruus the whole depth of the building. 

 On each side are the hay mows, which are raised seven feet above the level of the floor, that the racks may be 

 accessible. In this way a large number of sheep can be provided for in a small space, and without waste o.. 

 time or food. The small wing on the left is the poultry house. 



In the stables two cows or oxen occupy the same stall. The ground floor should be paved, as being bet- 

 ter in every particular than plank. 



Maccdon. WM. R- SMITH. 



Hit 



