94 



THE NEW GENESEE FARMER^ 



Vol. 2. 



FtjT the New Giitesee Farmtr. 

 Cheese Makiug. 



Messrs. Editors — Communications are ooccEsiGn- 

 ally made througt your paper, giving the best method 

 of making cheese tVont practical experiments.-.— As 

 your journal is designed lor a medium through which 

 farmers can intei change their views upon the various 

 subjects connected with their high calling, I submit 

 the following, if you think it worthy of occupying a 

 corner of yoiu Farmer. 



The plan generally proposed by your correspond- 

 ents, ie to strain the milk in the tub over night, and 

 warm it in the morning, carefully stirring m the 

 cream. Mr. A. F. Bill, in the October number of the 

 New Genesee Farmer, says, — "In the morning take 

 off the cream with a skimmer and put it in a vessel 

 by itself; then warm the milk, or a part of it, over a 

 filowfire till about blood heat; then pour in the cream, 

 and stir it moderately till there are no particles to be 

 Been floating upon the surface." 



It seems 10 me evident, that when the cream is once 

 separated from the milk, ft can never be so thoroughly 

 incorporated with it again, as to set the milk as soon 

 as taken from the cow. 



Our method is this: Immediately after the cows 

 are milked at night, (and the quicker the operation is 

 performed ilie bettor, ) we strain it into the cheese tub 

 sndput inlha rennet — as tlie milk when it first comes 

 from the cow is in precisely the right temperature to 

 ■et. If the rennet is good, and properly prepared, a 

 1 arge table spoonful is suflicient for a pailful of milk 

 The tub should then be covered with a cloth, and al- 

 lowed to stand undisturbed — in about 40 minutes it 

 will coagulate. It is then carefully cut, the tub again 

 covered and left to stand till morning. When the tub 

 is wanted for the morning's milk, the night's curd is 

 dipped into the cheese basket, or cheese sink, to drain, 

 and the morning's milk strained into the same tub. 

 The rennet is then put on, going through the same 

 process as with the night's milk. When sufficiently 

 drained, the two curds are ready to be put together, 

 scalded and salted according to the discretion of the 

 maker. 



Those who have had the least e.xperience in the 

 management of milk, must know that warming it 

 after it has once cooled, gives it a tendency to sour the 

 quicker. Any person who will take the trouble to 

 ry the experiment, will find that curd made from milk 

 warm from the cow, will keep sweet much longer than 

 t'jat which has been warmed over the fire; and, be- 

 BiJe3 this, it saves the time and trouble of skinuninn- 

 and warming. Nothing will make a go-id cheese ma- 

 ker assume a belligerent attitude so quick, as to sec 

 the skimirier nourished over the cheese tub. 



From a long experience in a modern sized dairy, I 

 am persuadiid that in no way can so much, or cheese 

 of 80 goid quality be made, as to set the milk while 

 warm from the cow. Yours, 



E. BISHOP. 



Auica, Genesee co, April, 1841. 



P. S. — While upon a subject connected with cows, 

 let me suggest to your correspondents who occasional 

 ly send you the quantity of milk given by a particular 

 cow, to give it in pounds, and not in yiiarts. It can 

 tadunc much easier, fflid with greater accuracy; and 

 not only so, but in the latter case it is too often guess- 

 ed til, or measured, froth and all, in bruised and bat- 

 ered quart measures. 



For the Nae Genesee Farmer. 

 Cure for Itlurraiii. 



Messrs. Editors— I have seen several inquiries 

 respecting the murrain in cattle, and being in posses- 

 BJJn of a recipe which in nine cases out of ten, has 

 proved su-gce^ful in enrins the same, I herc.vith «cnd 



to yon, in hopes that if you give it publicity, it 

 may be of some benefit to those who are yearly losing 

 many of their cattle. 



REcifE.-^Give 14 OS. pcarlnsh, dissolved in 8 qts. 

 of iron-water, (.from blacksmith's trough.) If not bet- 

 ter in 5 hours, give J an oz. more in 1 qt. water. The 

 water should be warm. Give no drink but warm wa- 

 ter, for two days. Give warm mash to ?nt. 



The person from whom I got the recipe has cured 

 a great many cattle in this vicinity, at one dollar per 

 head, and asked $10 for the recipe. I take this mode 

 of making it ae public as possible. 

 Yours tiuly, 



TlioMAS FORSYTH. 



Chatham, Canada, April 10, 1841. 



Ijeaclied Ashes as a Manure. 



Leached or drawn ashes possets a highly beneficial 

 etfect, particularly when applied to lands deficient in 

 calcareous matters, as lime or marl. They serve to 

 improve the permanent texture of such soils. The 

 ashes from the soap boilers ol London yield 90 parts in 

 100 of calcareous matter. They serve to irce light 

 lands of sorrel, and in swampy lands they efieclually 

 destroyed rushes and other aquatic weeds. They are 

 extensively used on the light sands upon the Atlantic 

 coast, and are bought up at a shilling a bushel, in the 

 towns and cities upon our navigable waters, ami trans- 

 ported thither. Thereare imnienequnntitiesof these 

 ashes in the interior, on the sites of old asheries, which 

 may be employed to great advantage to agriculture, 

 whenever the agriculturists of frontier districts find 

 time and disposition to an est the deterioration of their 

 lands. The small quantity of alkaline salt and gyp- 

 sum which they contain, also, renders them much su- 

 perior to common calcareous matter as a top dreesing 

 lor every kind of grass. Soapboilers' ashes, according 

 to the *'Conipleie Grazier," are also excellent on a peat 

 moss, in strong cold soils, when applied in the quan- 

 tity ot two or three cart loads an acre In Lancashire, 

 they have been lound good and durable on dry pastures, 

 and have also been successfully used in other parts, and 

 in various proportions. They are generally consider- 

 ed better for pasture than arable, and crops of clover 

 hay have been more than doubled by them. The ef- 

 fect of this manure is, that it always destroys bugs and 

 tcrinin of ererrj kind. Evidence of these latter facts 

 mny be founil in communications to the British Board 

 of Agriculture, vol. vi. part ii. — CuUicator. 



Make your own Measures. 



We give below a rule by which every one can easi- 

 ly make his own measures. 



A barrel contains 10,7.32 cubic inches. A box 21 

 inches long, by 15 inches wide, and 28 inches deep, 

 will hold just a barrel. 



A half barrel. Make a box for this 24 inches by IG, 

 and 14 inches deep. This will comam 5,37ti cubic 

 inches, or just halt a barrel. 



A bushel. 1 his has 2,150 4-10 cubic inches. A 

 bushel box will be 16 inches by 10 8 10 inches square, 

 and 8 inches deep. 



Halt bushel A box 12 inches Ions by 11 210 inch- 

 es wide, and 8 drep, will bold just half a bushel. 



Peck. A box 8 inches by 8 4-10 inches square, and 

 8 inches deep, is a peck. 



Half a peck is 8 inches square and 4 2-10 inches 

 deep, or 268 8 I'' cubic inches 



A half gallon. This contains 134 4-10 cubic inch- 

 es. A box 7 inches by 4 8-10 inches deep, has just 

 that quantity. 



Quart. 4 inches by 4 inches 4 2-lOdcep.— Bu/i. 

 Farmtr. 



Agricultural Ranks of the several States. 



I; seems from a recent statistical statement, that the 

 rank of the several States in agricultural productions, 

 is as follows: 



In Wheat— Ist, Ohio; 2d, Virginia: 3d, New York. 



In Indian Corn— 1st, Tennessee; 2d, Viriiinia; 3d, 

 Ohio. 



The restdts in Kentucky are not given. It is pos- 

 sible she might be second or third. 



In Potatoes — 1st, New York; 2d, Maine; 3d, Pen- j 

 sylvania. ., , 



In Cotton— lat, Mississippi; 2d, Alabam-- ' 

 Georgia. , ,, I 



In Tobacco- let, Tennoeeee; Sd, Mar-"^ ' " '1 

 V'irjplnia. ' 



In Wool— 1st, New York; 2d, Ohio; 3d, Vermont. 



In Swine— let, Tennessee; 2d, Ohio; od, Ken- 

 tucky, probably. 



In Lumber— let, New York; 2d, Maine. 



Louisiana, of course, raises the most Sugar. But 

 there are immense quantities of maple or country 

 sugar, made in New York, Ohio, and other Siaa-s. 



Looking at the above rank of the leading Slates, ii} 

 eight of the principal articles of agricultural produc- 

 tion, some curious facts maybe intVrred. Fusi; Ol 

 all the Stales in the Union, that which probably has, 

 and admits of in future, (Ae mnsl various prodvrlion, 

 (not the greatest aggregate, ) is Tenness?;e. The rea. 

 son of this will he obvious from an intpeclion of ibi 

 map. The State embraces both nMrthern and soulherl 

 productions, the most ferlile loud, and the most abun 

 dant mineral resouices. 



Secondly: The State capable of sustaining the lar 

 gcsi productions, is Ohio. This is obvious from he 

 position in relerence to Wheat, Corn, Hogs, Wool , ^ 

 and many other productions which are essential to tin ;'|) 

 sustenance of human life. 



Thirdly: The State which at this time produces th 

 most in agoregate value, is Ni-.w York. This is owf^, 

 ing to the combination oi capital, experience, and poj 

 ulation. 



Looking to the means of sustaining a very gref 

 population, Ohio stands ahead of every other Stall 

 and it is this great fact, united with powerful mor 

 causes, which has given it such an extraordinai 

 growth. Fertile, alluvial lands have, over the who 

 earth, been the seat of the densest populations, ai 

 the most flourishing empires. — Cincinnati Ckrunici 



liicl 



'ni iS'e; 



An Act to Promote Agriculture. 



[Passed My 5, 1841.] Jwi 

 The People of the State of New York, represent 

 te and Assembly, do enact as follows : 



M. The sum of eight thousand dollars per annu 

 shall be and hereby is appropriated for the term 

 five years, for the promotion of agriculture and hon 

 hold manufactures in this Slate, in the manner folio 

 ing, to wit: 



To the county of Albany, the sum of two hund: 

 and five dollars. 



Allegany, one hundred and twenty-three dollars. 



Broome, sixty-seven dollars. 



Cattaraugus, eighty-six dollars. 



Cayuga, one hundred and fifty-one dollars. 



Chautauqne, one hundred and fcrly-three dollar 



Chemung, sixty-two dollars. 



Chenango, one hundred and twenty-two dollars 



Clinton, eighty-four dollars. 



Columbia, one hundred and thirty-three dollarsi 



Cortland, seventy-five dollars. 



Delaware, one hundred and six dollars. 



Dutchess, one hundrec and fifty-seven dollars. 



Erie, one hundred and eighty-six djUars, 



Essex, seventy-one dollars. 



Franklin, fifty dollars. 



Fulton and Hamilion, sixty dollars. 



Genesee, one hundred and seventy-nine dollart 



Greene, ninety-one dollars. 



Herkimer, one hundred and twelve dollars. 



Jeftijrson, one hundred and eighty-three dollari 



Kings, one bundled and forty-three dollars. 



Lewis, fifty-three dollars. 



Livingston, one hundred and .seventeen d'''lBrg» 



Madison, one hundred and twenty doila"*- 



Monroe, one hundred and ninety-fou'^^ollara, 



Montgomery, one hundred and sev" dollars. 



New York, nine hundred and flty dollars, t^ 

 American Institute. 



Niagara, ninety-three dollar? 



OneiJa, two hundred and '^'V-nve dollars. 



Onondaga, two hundrer',"""! four dollars. 



Ontario, one hundred "Vi''."''>' dolla.-s. 



Orange, one hundr--?";' n'ty-two dollars, 



Orleans, seventy-'"^ °°"''/^; 



Oswego, one h ■"'rfd a>id thirty.one dollars. 



Otsego, one > '^r,^'^ .""'^ fo"y-eight doUare, - 



Putnam, tb->'-«'g'''f° "6. 



Queens -"^ty-one dollars. 



Renss'''^''' """^ hundred and eighty dollars, 



Rici ■"'"'' ''■''■'y-'oni' dollars. 



p Kland, thirty-six dollars. 



jratoga, one hundred and twenty-one dollars. 

 Schencclady, fil'ty-one dollars. 

 Schoharie, ninety-seven dollars. 

 Seneca, seventy-four dollars. 

 Steuben, one hundred and thirty.eight dollars. 

 o''n-^i'r'"'^""'' °"'^ hundred and seventy dollare 

 buflolk, ninety-seven dollars. 

 Sullivan, foytj- leren d»llar». 



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