104 



THE NEW GENESEE FARMER, 



Vol. 2. 



not HESTER, JULY, 1841. 



Our Aim and Expectations, 



When the New Genesee Farmer wna commenced, 

 the publishers nnnounocd that they ehould aim to 

 make it the must useful and most extensively circula- 

 leJ agricultural paper in the country; and, although 

 ionicmay have thought this savored a little of egotism, 

 we are willing to repeat the assertion, and do so with 

 »n aeaurancc of success immediately in prospect. It 

 is unnecessary to mention here what our friends say 

 respecting our labors tUud for; wc only wish at pres- 

 ent, to inform our readers that such arrangements arc 

 now making as wo have the utmost conlidence will 

 fully accomplish the objects named. Our circula- 

 tion is now double what it was last year, and we have 

 good reason to believe that next year it will be double 

 what it is this; or in other w.'rds, that we shall prim 

 and circulate about 40,000 copies per month ! Does 

 any one say "it can't be done 1" Wc reply, Mc icon/ 

 can't is not in our locubalunj, and we expect, next 

 month to make all this appear reasonable. 



One word in the ears of our readers. Qj' Please 

 t«!l your friends and neighbors that we have now o 

 supply of Vol. I. and Vol. II. from the commence- 

 ment, but this will not bo the case many months, and 

 tome will repent it if they do not subscribe soon. We 

 have no time for stereotyping or reprinting back 

 numbers. PUBLISHERS. 



To Mr. James Greey, of Kent, England, for an 

 interesting letter received some ti.me since, and the 

 innual report of the Nonnington Fnr.mcr's Club. 



To some kind friends in Lojidon, for valuable En- 

 glish books and papers. 



To Tliomns Affleck, one of the editors of the Wes- 

 '.ern Farmer and Gardener, Cincinnati, for a copy ol 

 •'Bee-breeding in the West," a small manual, intend- 

 ed as an acconipaniment to the ''Subtended bee hive,' 

 well calculated to increase thesiofC/s of rural life. 



To J. D. Bemis, Cnnandaigun, for several inter- 

 esting papers, among tlicm a catalogue of toachert 

 andpupilsof the Ontario Female Seminary, an insti- 

 tution which we are happy to know descries, as well 

 as receives, the liberal patronage of the community. 



Scarcity ofFoi!der"-Seasoitable Hiut<i. 



Farmers who "work it right," will of course Ink 

 measures to provide sufficient food for their Lve stock 

 the coming winter, and endeavor, as far as possible, to 

 make up for the deficiency of hay and the failure of 

 some other crops. It is not yet too late to sow niille 

 — it produces both grain and fodder. Corn may also 



be sown now, broad cast like oats, and will aflbrd an 

 abundance of the beet of fodder. [□" See remarks 

 on these subjects in another part of this paper. 



Those who have not sown any root crops, or have 

 lost them, should r.ow sow rutabagas— just in time — 

 and if they fail, tow English turnips about the middle 



latter part of the month. Much time has been lost 

 this season by the farmers and their crops, and both 

 must now e.xert themselves to the utmost, or winter 

 will find them unprepared. We advise our readcis, 

 therefore, to bestir themselves, and keep stirring, and 

 above all to slir the ground often among their corn 



,d other cultivated crops. 



Sales of Beikshires. 



Mr. Loseing of this city, informs us, that he has 

 ::eiitly siild his famou? biecdingsow Maxima, to Mr. 

 CuKD of Kentucky, lor the handsome sum of ^MUU. 

 I'he sniuial is well known to breeders of Beikshire, 

 as one of the largest o'l her kind in ti.is cnuiiiry. Mr. 

 Lossing has also sold his imported bo:u Nciebcrri/, to 

 the same gentleman, lor .^200. He was shipped a 

 few days since, and weighed, including cage, ScOlba. 

 — Albany CuUitulor. 



"Downing's Landscape Gardening, 



Adipted lo North America, tvitli a ricw io the Im- 

 frorement of Country Residences, and wit/i re- 

 marks on Rural Architecture." 



It is with no little satisfaction thot wc announce to 

 our readers the appearance of the above work, from 

 the pen of our gifted friend, A. J. Dow.mng, of New- 

 burgh. 



W'b have had opportunity but (or a hasty glance at 

 its contents; and wish our readers could have shared 

 ©ur enjoyment, and we may add, pride, as wo looked 

 over this truly elegant volume. The engravings are 

 very creditable to our artists, and the quality of the 

 paper, and the mechanical execution generally, leave 

 nothing to be desired. 



The arrangement appears to us very simple andju- 

 dicioua, and so far as we have examined, his subject is 

 treated in suoh a manner as to show a just conception 

 of the wants and means of this, as distinguished from 

 European countries. His motto is, 



"Insult not Nature with absurd expense, 

 Nur sjioi! her simple clnirins liy vjiin pretence. 

 AVeigh well the suhjcct, lie witli cautiun hold, 

 Trofusc of genius, nut profuse of gold," 

 But we must defer further notice until our next num- 

 ber, which we design to enrich with extracts from the 

 work. 



AckiiotvledgniCEits. 



Our sincere thanks are due to Mr. Charles Down- 

 ing, of Newburgh, for a copy of his brother's beauti- 

 ful work on Landscape Gardening, and a copy of 

 liindley's Theory of Horticidture, republished, with 

 lotes by Dr. Gray and A. J. Downing. More about 

 ieee hereafter. 

 We are alsj indebted to Hon. H. L. Ellsworth, for 

 iSvVral pa*ogB3 M seeds. 



The Beasiston Plough. 



"The plough from whence the above drawing hat 

 been made, was brought to this country and depoeiteu 

 in the Franklin Institute by the lr.te James ilonald 

 son, Esq. It is a gigantic implement, measuring V2 

 feel 6 inches in length, constructed throughout ot 

 wrought iron, weighing upwards of 300 lbs., ant' 

 capable of rooting up stones of two hundred pound, 

 weight; it is intended for a team of 4 or 6, or even 

 eight horses or oxen, when it might be let down to tbi 

 depth of the beam. But nnich of the soil of oni 

 country would be effectually worked with on instru 

 mentof for less magnitude, constructed chiefiy o 

 wood and properly ironed, the sole or share, probably, 

 being of cast iron; the length of the handles being 

 proportion to the weight of the plough to no raised bj 

 means of their lerciage, 



"Sub oil ploughing has formed in Europe — as it ii 

 destined to do in this and every other country^a new 

 era in agriculture; it is opplicable to all soils, 

 even in the most sandy will be found of suruerlativc 

 importance, preventing the disease called the stud in 

 wheat, which is supposed to arise from a supcrabnn 

 dance of moisture which cannot [jaes away, by reason 

 of some iinpervious substratum, until ithns '^billet 

 and deadened the roots of the plants and Inought on ! 

 mortification of their sap-vessels: the diseofe is ir 

 8 )me parts known as the ntunfs or stunned. It is nn, 

 Jerstond that the subsoil plough does not turn the fur 

 row — it passes along the open furrow made by tin 

 common plough, rooting up the bottom to any depth 

 it might be put to, thus leaving it stirred and pulver 

 ized, to forma bed of loosened soil, into which thi 

 lower or tap roots of the plants iriight penetrate, when 

 they will easily find moisture in seasons of the great 

 est drought, and from wher.ce it is pumped up by then 

 lor the siipp'y of the lateral roots, which are deslinci 

 to seekfo'iil in the upper stratum of the earth. Thi 

 subsoil plough will be found, in many cases, to laki 

 ihe pla* ef undfT-diainin"^, especially if on plough- 



ng, the land can be laid to give a gradtiul fall 

 hrovghout its whole Length — a matter ot' the highest 

 mportancc in the cultivation of every soil." 



From the New England Farmer 

 Subsoil Plong'h. 



On Thursday last, we spent the afternoon in 

 holding the plough. The work was on land which 

 has been long pastured. The surface mossy, the 

 iward tender, the soil light. The subsoil partly a 

 iO(>6e and fine gravel and partly a yellow loom. With 

 ;wo yoke of oxen wc ploughed one half an acre with 

 Howard's plough E. '2, to the depth of 7 inches, and 

 subsoiled with Howard's subsoil plough about 7 inches. 

 We found that 10 inches of subsoiling, with which 

 we commenced, would worry the team. The stir- 

 ring of the earth to the depth of 1'2 or 14 inches, we 

 thought that might be an improvement upon thollnw 

 ploughing. And where it can be done os cheaply cs 

 'n this instance, the experiment is not costly. But our 

 case must not be token as a lair instance of dirpaicli, 

 for the fuirows were 40 rods long upon a plain, and 

 ;he ploughs were changed only 14 times in the hnlf 

 day. Ordinarily, wlienr it is a day's work to brcfik 

 up an acie, it will take more than two days to break 

 up and subcoil the same. In a few spots where the 

 subsoil wai slightly rocky, the subsoil plough appeared 

 to be moved more easily by the team than any whcra 

 Ise. 



The extent to which the earth was stirred by this 

 new implement, surprised ua. The seven inch fur- 

 row was scarcely three inches deep after this plough 

 bad been passed under it. 



We have strong faith that this instrument will come 

 into extensive use. It is true that no great reliance 

 should be placed upon theories until confirmed by ex- 

 periment; and we are not inclined to devote muth 

 -|)ace to the praise of this imjilcmcnt ihe present S'la- 

 lon; but ehnuld our iiiuicip.-.tions be fulfilled we hof e 

 Jio be permuted to mga its use another year. 



THE ISEANS'i'O.-^ (SCOTCH) SUBSOlIi PliOUGH. 

 The Subsoil Plough, we believe, is destined to elTect a greater improvement in American agriculture than 

 any other implement that bos been invented or introduced of late years. We piiblished last month, the re- 

 marks of Mr. Phinney on subsoil ploughing; and we now copy from the Farmers' Cabinet some additional 

 observations on the subject, together with a representation ol the Scotch Subsoil Plough. We have seen 

 ■hese implements, both in Scotland and England. Those in the latter country were mostly of a better and 

 more wieldy construction than the lormer; and we have no doubt but that a still better and cheaper article for 

 the purpose will soon bo monufuctured in this country. We intend to give representations of several models, 

 in hopes to call forth the ingenuity, constructiceness and enterprise of some of our readers. 



