



B. KATK!! A.M, 

 F. CUOS.MW, 



I rovrictors. ^ ^ ^ 



X JOHN T TIIOMS^ 



S M. U. IJA'i'i;ilAiM, 'rr^Voj' 



IFTV CKXTS, jjcr year, iiaynlilc always in advance, 

 ost .M;'.slcrs, .\;(-cii:s, and others, sending money tree of 



,2C. will receive setCrtCDiiics lor ©3, — 'i'ir«/i-c coiiies for 



■'I'lceuiy-Jive eo])ies for ©10, 

 'Ac /ft-s/flu-e of this paper is only one cent to any pla«e 

 hin tht3 sitt'.e. antl one and a half cents to atiy part of 



Untied SLales. 



S5 !JAI't;HA:«&CI!0'=i:,IA>f, Doehesler. N'. Y. 



CO.VTK-VrS OI' THIS KlJiUHKK. 

 iwfor tlieM!>;ith. Wheat imJ 0«niJ» Tlii5-.!e. The 



V appliril to Aprr.-nltilre— The New IVorlJ, nr 

 icnl -vstciU. I;rn:5. Fu.^l lint in She-p. Rc- 

 of llie \^ est. n liea'. aul Flour Trade of 



M,)nrn;- I o. .K^. l-'Rir Cotu«iittee3 Kric 



:o. J-n>rsnr. C, 133 



:»«ra('... I. >;!L-t.n Cii. VVnvucCo. The Dronslit. 

 'acts ai' I ir- ■ --.mi: (111 I^ilk CiilUire— Cie.i.-^e 



.Men's I . ki.ort 133 



^fort ■■!■, , , :; - - . !< ricnts of .^;«»s.^chllse■.te.■' 



the Ini .. ■, ■ . : ,-, .■,'„::-.ti': ( ultiv.itioii 131 



\Vor;,,u^,iiiii-.Hu.:i,- i'i.'asiU-i'«. .'.lorn. Tluc.klhorn 



ica^e 135 



n.i Agri.-iil. Fair at t^\ra.-.use. Dcsirucliyc Hail 



!l. S n.irpPuiniisTliarhinc— r.ngraring 136 



lal Planting. Tjie Suhtcnde.i Uee-hive— Engra- 



137 



l3-« 



ation of Crops. Early suppers 



n Ljws. The pro lucts of lahor the only real weailli. 



[ichigan. lOvaporatinr. I,ird I,imp«.. '. 159 



;crops oflfrll in East BIf ..iiil -1 i TMeive Varieties 



r Wheat 140 



r-rospects of Tr.-.'i ■ -.:'.,] ■]<- lUrrest .n V^nf- 

 •.nd. A Le.teron Fe.ii^ie ^, r 1 , i;;o'i|uii. Inquiries 

 ; Ashes Ill 



iri lieasii.i- 



ndEluca'ion. Sc 



culture in ."ilisso 



■VAdvertisemcuts. 



-*Br 



a|.s. 



1.1; 



To^Readeis utid Coi respondeat?. 



Te are compelled to omit etivcrnl cDminunications, 

 33 written in Caiti Ja, nnd various other mRttcrs in- 

 ded for tUi« number. Oar friends must tpritt 

 '.ier in the month to enjttro th«ir enicles an in'er 

 Mr. Bileham h«3 bssn abssnt moat of the past 



.udi. 



Hints for tite Month. 

 lowing toht^t is ths most iniporlant oper-tstion to 

 ist farmers during this month. It i« a matter of 

 le consequence whelhor the cultivator obtains ten, 

 ;hirty bushels nt next harvest. 

 jStthebu.'jineEs then be done right. Above all, do 

 sow after wheat of this year. Wanv ofthemiss- 

 • crops this season rcsuhcd from ihis prnctice. 

 ?tough deep at lenst once, where the. soil will ad- 

 :ofit. If subsoil ploughing csnnot bo practised, 

 ne aa near to it as you can. A large portion of the 

 ■soil of Western New York, as well as of other 

 cas, contains a portion ofninrl (lime,) and mixing 

 vith the rest of iha so,l. is one of the very best 

 ys of applying this manure. Independently of this, 

 g plougbinj; is very ufcful. 



'longh ertn/y and tu-n ijacraio furrows. This is 

 ■ only way to do the thing right. 

 jrjt the beat seed you can find in all the country 

 ;a if it does cost a little more. Tlie kind wc re- 

 nmendod on page 141 of last volume of this paper, 

 ly sustains the character there given of it. Let 

 urEeedboas clean as possible, as it is excocuingly 

 liali to lake siteh pa'iis to plough and prepare your 

 a land f.-r wheat, and then go and sow cixtcIc, 

 ?e9, and sneh wrrtrhrd stu^Tl'or a emp. 



Lastly, plough in your wheat with a light plough, 

 leaving it rough just as the plough leaves it. At 

 lenst try the priiciice. We have known it to succeed 

 admirabli'. And do not forget the well clcnncd sur- 

 face furrows for draining, where they ore wanted. 



Cut up •orn this month as soon as it becomes h.ird, 

 that the fodder may be well saved. The ripening 

 process will fce fully complete by the nonnshmcnt af- 

 lerwRrds derived from the stalks. Never mutiluio 

 corn by to^/iing it. 



Let your hoga begin to hovo the dropping apples 

 from the orchard, snd they will fatten rapidly. 



Never feed ungrouud gruiu o( any Kind, lo hogs. 

 Let your BwiU or hsg-poniJge be /crmeniirf ifyou 

 cannot b»il it — to do which, you mutt have two 

 swill tubs or barrels, feeding from one while the oth- 

 er is r?rnienting. Bat extensire hog-farmers should 

 nlvvij's boil the food. 



Keep every thing in firet-rate ordar— 'Catlle in good 

 keeping and fine condition— ^horses lively, nnd not 

 over worked nor under fed — calves fat and growing, 

 BO thet they may winter well — and every thing elte 

 in equal stylo — (nd finally, pursUiS the maxim of the 

 distinguished clmsical American sttics.iiSn, — " E-» 

 nirs you'rt right, then GO AHE.'iD! " ' 



Wbeat Rnii Canada ThisUes. 



If the Canada Thistle should generally induce our 

 farmers to cuUivete their land better, its tvil a«p«ct 

 woidd be gre.itlj softened, though wo should not dare 

 to call it a blessing in disguise. 



In yeors pa?twe hav« frequently cndesvorcd 'tocall 

 the attention of cultivators to this sulucct ; nnd hsvc 

 given some detr.ils of the facility with which ibis wcfi] 

 could be destroyed; but cur Inst number cnnlaing two 

 communications, "Which we think deceive some fuithcr 

 notice; and we would hold them up for the encour- 

 agement nf ethers. 



" I commenced about the first of .Ti-ne." says our 

 friend V. YioMirts at page Jl-!, "and plmighcd ibcm 

 abort once a month, and hanowed them as ofien — 

 till about the first of October. The result is, their en- 

 tire dcstnietion, exce;it a few place* where the plough 

 ing could not ho v.-ell done." 



Not 'ces fnvorr.blo is the report of our corrcspond- 

 eni AtGt;sTW D. Avers at page 117. '-The ficb! 

 cnntainLd si.f .icre?, principally ncciip'cd with Cana- 

 da thistles, on which a Florida wf r h.';J boon n aged 

 fur twenty.Rve years, r.r more, v.iih Inile pmspccrof 

 success or termiuiuion. — In ihp latter part of May, 1 

 broke it up— ploughed the ground deep four times, 

 and harrowed as often in the hent of fiummer.— I'Us 

 result was [;ij killed Ihe Canada thistles, and m'y 

 ground :s in good condition for after cropping." In 

 consequence of this superior culture, nnd high man- 

 unng, ^\\^ crop of wheat which followed was very 

 nne; nnd we ore left to infer that nearly sixly bushela 

 to the acre were obtained. 



Two causes have conspired to make farmers slo- 

 veniy, and to spread the Canada thistle: One is, the 

 sirong desire to rniee all the wheat they can. by put- 

 ting in as much of their land as possible; ai:d the other 

 is, the very short time they have to prepare the ground 

 Business in tho growing season of this climate, hur- 

 ries the fanner nt every step. Tho getting in of 

 sp'^iiUj; crops i.? o.Pten jfehtly retarded bv unf/Tvnrah'e 



weather, nu'l sheep-shearing, road mcndiiig,and some* 

 limes continued rains, interfere with breaking up ihft 

 fallow, l^ben comes ihe hoeing of corn, potatoe.*, and 

 field-beets; and unless the fanner bestirs himself, bay- 

 making will be on his heels. Hnivcttiug the bailey, 

 wheat, and oats, is rnrely finished before the niii'dia 

 of the latt month of summer when many are begin- 

 ning to sow their wheat — so near do seed time and 

 harvest approach in this district. How then is mcii- 

 uring and ploughing tho fallow once a month to Lo 

 accomplished ? Go over lens ground — apply tha 

 some amount of labor tr) half the quantity of land— 

 raise double crops to iho acre (no weeds) — and rceejvs 

 iht- remnindcr of the farm lor pasture end nicodow. 



Sometimes however, sloveuiy management ana- 

 ceed-? well with ^vhefa: and lo succeed once, li!;o 

 gaining a pri'ze in a lottery, rncourcges the farmer tg 

 try it oguiti, though there are ten chances against him. 

 Success is always sure lo be rcincinbcrctl. " Ciirn 

 stubble," or potato grcun.l is c'teii sowed too lae for 

 ihe wheat to tiller, tor it rarely ilrvrr ulleis weil in 

 thi.i district if sowed more than a week sfier lite run 

 cros.ge3 the line; and then bcUveen fieeziiig out in 

 the winter and spring, and the rust or blight in sum 

 mer, die crop stands hut a poor char.co. From lot- 

 teries of all kinds farmers cr.ght to keep clear. 



We now revert te aunth-.r branch nf cur subject. 

 Deep ploughing, or pulling up the ibitiles by band, 

 is far more deoiruc.ivo Ihtm to cut litem oil near tlia 

 surface. In tho latter case, the horizontal root with 

 the upri.^'bt stem attached to il, rctnnins undistuihr-il; 

 and ihe plant prepares to recover its loilago v.-itbaul 

 delay. But when the plough bjealis up the horizon 

 tal runner, or the harrow draws its frsgmeius to tee 

 iurface it ooon perithes in dty weather. Theie is a 

 profit in taking the most thorough course. t 



The Flov/crs cf Summer, 



Very few annual (ioweri; have succeeded this ?eji 

 eon, so severe has been the drought. We hava not 

 seen s Bahamine, except some that were n-.tered by 

 n sm.?!l rdl. Conrnlit.Us irieoler r.Tid Zmniir eoccirt- 

 .1 attempt to display their becutie:., but ihcy often 

 dinop in the parchmg air. Some species of Ipomsa 

 (h.-fiuer the following) ore also in flower, but lesa vi. 

 gornus than usual. 



Tho Cypress X'inr, ono nf iha most delicate forms 

 of ihe Vegetable Kingdom, requires a rich soil, and 

 sofms to eujiy a treat of soap-suds. It is a morning 

 floT.er, nol intended for late risers. 



TIte Tir',m- Lihj, tl.ough ahortered in ite stem, has 

 last notie of its ficshnesa : iho Gnlaidia continued lo 

 untold its purpUdisk and yellew rays; and Erhinaptt 

 sphrcroerphalus eppsari n9t to euffer from any lack of 

 moisture. 



The same remsrk will extend to the Bust colored 

 Ftx Glare, so erect in its stem, nnd so neat :n iti 

 Icives; to UH^iscvs Carotinenns f with its fine rosy 

 lioT^ors; nnd lo Ciehorivvi /jt//.'.'^/.? with hluo rays sa 

 prellilj frin;,'ed. Yot this plant is generidly an ofT- 

 casts because it is an intruder, hard lo fee restrained 

 v,-ithin reasonable limits, and then pertinacaonsly ad- 

 hering to the spot it has chosen. 



Silcne Regia disulays its brillinnt seartct; and the 

 old Monthly'lloiieysuckle, like all other sweet flow- 

 ers is less fragrant in dry air, but always interesting 

 on account of its beauty, and of our early recollec- 

 tions. 



The White Arg^cvtonc, an old fa".TV5ta— and tha 

 modest Fnvkia Umc:-ifoUa, — bloom, w;2;igh fcehlys 

 wh.dc Pcrlplncit grara, as if reeollectliig tlie hot dry 

 air of its native land, seems in rejoice, and put,- forth 

 ii3 long polished leaves cf dark green, ia abundance. 

 Last yciir we mentioned a Phlox of sober puiplo iu 

 the morning, which changed to a rosy hue in iha nf- 

 ternoon. Thcsam* pheuo'menon contiiiacs, Sredi'i 

 f^er-fling is Iftautiful. t 



