o. 9. 



AND GARD1':NER\S JOIIRNAL. 



141 



•mlicr coarse nppcaiaiice and ibick bran. Did not 

 iiul ibc winter very well. • 



No. I'i, Bemxtiti; Tallavera. From the ionie 

 urco na the last three. Straw large and white, 

 ;ii:.1 lid; grain large and nnc. Tiiie is ilie most proniia- 

 goftbefoiir Eiiglish variciios. li stcnde tie win- 

 r well and is as early n« ih« Flint. 1 baliere it will 

 found valuable. 



Tou will percoivo that the grain in most of the 

 nil) mplesis a latle shrunk, which is owing to the very 

 y and hot woiiher just before barvasi. Serornl of 

 e imported varieties were so much injured by the 

 nicr, that the straw was very thin, which made 

 leni several days later in lipcnirg. 1 skall continue 

 y cxperimen'.s with them till better satislied of their 

 aracirr. Yours, &e., R. HARMON, Jr, 

 IVheailand, AngiisfiGth, 1841. 

 Remarks. — Any thing which tend* to incraise or 

 aiprove our wheat crop, is of the first importance to 

 lis country. And aa there can be but little doubt 

 lat improvements can be made in the kinds of 

 fhe.it, we hope soma of our reader* will unite with 

 Jen. Harmon, to test the matter by experiments. 

 ^Ue proprietors of the Seed Store have been at con- 

 idernble expense this season to import seme 15 or 20 

 f the finest vartetiesof wheat to be found in England 

 hicb will be S'lld at §1 per peck — this barely pays 

 he cost and expenses. How many farmers will try 

 hem all? — Ens. 



CJierriea. 



A SuppUvunt to our Last Article on this Subject. 



The Early Richmond ripens nt ths same time with 

 ho White Tartarian and the Black Corone; and may 



1~)e used for culinary purposes B"fortnighl sooner than 

 he Kentish, or common red cherry. We value it 

 lowever, chiefly as a dessert fruit. When it becomes 

 'cry ripe, it loses with its briglilnesa most of ita acid- 

 ly; and in this state, it is chosen by many in prefer- 

 mee to the sweet cherries. The delicacy of its juice 

 lar surpasses that of the common red cherry. 



How long it would retain its excellence on the tree, 

 uas not been ascer'ainod to our knowledge. We have 

 Kept it there more than six weelts after it was ripe. 

 tt is not inclined to rot; but its sweetness at length 

 ttracts many insects, including the yellow hornet. 

 IThe humming bird also comes in for a share; and we 

 lave seen it insert its little bill both when it was on 

 Rhe wing, and when it was silting on the branch. 



The Early Richmond is but a shrub, and may be 

 itrained very low; and if its fruit was protected by 

 itraw, like the currant, it would probably keep as 

 Jong. In our estimation it is far more desirable. 



W. R. Prince says this variety was brouoht by his 

 ttatber from Richmond in Virginia. It is probably a 

 inative fruit. 



The drought of the present sonson, has been very 

 Ifavorable to cherries that ore liable to rot in wet wea- 

 ther; and it has given us an opportunity to observe 

 that when the fruit dries up on the tree, it is general- 

 ly in consequence of the punctures of insects. We 

 remember to have seen many years ago near Philadel- 

 phia, one branch of a cherry tree well loaded, a month 

 or two ofter the usual time of ripening, and when no 

 fruit remained on any other part of the tree. Its ap- 

 penranci; was very singular. On approaching it how- 

 ever, we found it was guardeJ by wasps and no living 

 thing could go nigh them with impunity. 



The Transparent Guigne is n heart cherry; and 

 like those of its class, n^i generally liable to the charge 

 of soiimi^s, though the fruit had n sharpness this sea- 

 son we had not noticed before. Was it occnsioned by j 

 exeessivs sunshine 1 We consider the Tronspfirenti 

 Wiiigne ai one .-.four m^st delieioiis elifrrles. t 



From the I.iierpool Times. 

 SiRte ncd Prospects of Tr.tdc— the Harvest ia 

 Englnud. 



The accounts from tb? manufacturing districts con 

 linuo 10 bo very unfavorable, with tbo exception of 

 those from the woollen dii-nuts of YorUahire, in 

 which there is some slight impiovoinent. 'I'he state 

 of trade in Loncashirc is iriiiy deplorable, coulidciice 

 having been cxceeoivoly shaken by the lohscs aiuleiii- 

 baratemcnis of thcbif.t two years, and the deniaiul for 

 go.nln being at present miseiubly low. Nothing but n 

 igood harvest can restore the cotton monufaclures to 

 prosperity, by increasing the power of tuc middle and 

 laboring clnssc, who are the great consumcra to pur- 

 chase clothing, and by restoring confidence generally. 

 At present, unfortunately, the prospect of the country, 

 so far sa the harvest is cjncenied, is far from encour- 

 aging, tor the weather continues very cold for the 

 season of the year, and the great weight of rain which 

 has fcllcii must have done some mischief. It is still 

 possible that the harvest may be an avcinge one, but 

 there is no reason to hope that it will he more than 

 that, and without a change of weather it will be much 

 lees. Should there bo any great deficiency, the con- 

 sequences will be very serious indeed, for the 6up;'ly 

 of bonded grain in the country at present does not 

 amount to mere than four hundred thousand quarters, 

 and any further sujiply which may have to be got 

 Mom the continent of Europe will have to be purchas- 

 ed at veiy high rates, as the cro|ie are by no means 

 promising abroad, and tlie foreign granaries arc unus- 

 ually bare. For the last three weeks the prices both 

 of free and bonded grain have been rising in oil the 

 principal niarkels, and wheat bos already reached a 

 price much too high lor tha comfu-t of the peuple or 

 the prosperity of trade. Unless there shoidd be a de- 

 cided improvement in the weather, a still further and 

 much greater lise will take place, and one which will 

 doom the merchants and manufacturers to another 

 year of gloom and embarrabsirient, and the pooler 

 classes (tbojc v/hose wages, as we are told by Lovd 

 Sandon and other groat political economists, rise with 

 the priceof breads to short work and still shorter com. 

 mons for twelve months longer. However willing par- 

 ty politicians may be to deceive themselves and others 

 as to the working of the corn laws, another deficient har- 

 vest, if, unfortunately it siiould take plTcc, will open the 

 eyes even of the most obstinate. There has been 

 very little change in money mattcro during the last 

 week. M.iney coniiniiea to be abundant, hut there is 

 a great want of confidence in investing it. We aie 

 glad to see that the bullion of the Bank of England is 

 eiill increasing, though slowly. It now amounts to 

 X-J, 170,000, which is an increase ofX73,00U on the 

 quarter. The weather of the next three weeks 

 will decide whether it shall continue to increase 

 steadily, or again decline much more rapidly than 

 It lins advanced. Biih the Bank of England and 

 the joint slock banks have increased their issues dur- 

 ing the last quarter, though tiiey are still low in com- 

 parison with what ihoy ueuaily arc. The rise in the 

 price of grain ha.^ alieady begun to alfcct the averages, 

 ind it is believed ihnt some decrease of the duty will 

 take place either this wcelv or next. The average 

 prices of wheat hTive advanced as follows during the 

 last six weeks: — The weekending the ISth of June, 

 the average was 633. .5d. ; on the j!5tli .Tune 6'.'s. -"Sd.; 

 the ad July, 63s. lid.; tlie 9lh, C-ls. 3d.; the IGth, 

 64s. lid ; the 23d, 643. lid. These returns do not 

 include the sales of last week, which wore at consid 

 arably higher rates. The duty at present is 22s. 8d. 

 and lbs average price of tli? six weeks, Cos. 6d. An 

 increase ot a shilling per quarter in piice diminishes 

 the duly one shlliing per quarter, until the price 

 reaches sixty-seven shillings, when the duty declines 

 two shilliuijs for every shilling in the increase of 

 price. At the same iioinl the duty on Canadian 

 wheat falls from 5s. to 6d. per quarter, and the duty 

 on the barrel of flour to ;!Jd. As the arrivals of Can- 

 adian wheat and fliuir are becoming very great, an 

 inusually largo quantity would be let into the mar- 

 ket if the average of 67s. should bo reached. 



From (*c Mfrk-Latu: F.ipre!3 of Jtiu-. 2. 



" In the early part of the week we hod two or three 

 lays of fine weather, and hopes were beginning to be 

 entertained that the rain had at length Icit us; on 

 Thursday, however, it again hccnma overcast, and 

 since then heavy showers have fallen in various parts 

 of the c<mntry. The temperoturc has, ihronghout 

 the week, been exceedingly low for the time of year, 

 and the absence of hots;mshino is greatly retarding 

 the m.if.inng oi the crops, so that it has n.'iw bec-o.me 

 certain thr.t the harvest muit inevitably bj late, and 



consequently more than usually precarious. With 

 rcoaid to the probable yield of VVheot, tlic reports aro 

 iucrcaeingly unravoiablc; ond unless a decided and 

 total change of weather tiikcs place, it is much to bo 

 I'caied that that the produce v^■ill prove materially de- 

 ficient both in quantity ond quality, and tvcn under 

 ilic most auspicious circuinelancca we much doubt 

 whether an average can be socuied. 



'■ The high value which Wheat has now attained 

 haa induced the Faniieis to throsh out rather freely, 

 and the deliveries have been soniewhotnioro liberal nt 

 a few of the leading markets in the agricultural dia- 

 tricte; and the very hii;h prices asked by sellers hav- 

 ing tended to check the demand, there hot., on tho 

 whole been rather lers life in the trade, notwiihsiand- 

 ing which prices have continued to creep up. 



" Our Seolch letters inform us, that though tho 

 weother hod rather improved in that countrv it still 

 continued cold ond glo, my, and the want of that gen- 

 ial heat so mnch requ red at this season to ripen the 

 crops, had caused all species of grain to remain in ai» 

 unhappy state; of positive damage, however, we are 

 happy to say there are fewer complaints than might 

 have been expected. 



" Fiom Ireland we learn that a good deal of imens- 

 iness was felt there respecting ihc elicct of the lecent 

 heavy rains on tho outstaniiig crops. HbU'cis of 

 grain bad taken the alarm, and enhanced rates were 

 asked for both wheat and oats ot nuvst of the leading 

 markets. 



" The last Loudon average is 9s. 3d. per qr. high- 

 er than for tho week previons, being 3,350 qrs. nt7i3. 

 3d. per qr. Th's is of conree not included in Thurs- 

 day's general weekly retui-n; and as « considerable 

 advance has, since that was made up. taken place at 

 niony of the leading provincial towns, the next aver- 

 age for the Kingdom will probably be about 9s. per 

 qr. higher than the last, and the dnty will shortly recede 

 materially." 



Aljetterof Inquiry on Female Self Education. 



Mr. Editor — Tlie ki oil regard which you have nianifeBtei 

 for the interests of the female readers of your paper, induces 

 mc to hojie that you will pardon llie lihcriy I tal;e in asliing 

 for tlie use of a small space in its coliiinns. Cnnscioiis of my 

 youth and ignorance, I do not seek to give, but to o):tr.in in- 

 struction : .ind if some one who po^^scsse,! the information I 

 desire, will give il through the medium of the Farmer, I 

 tliiiik it may prove of great I;cncfit to others besides myself. 

 My fathc- is a farmer in moderate clriiumstr'.nces, and like 

 many others in our land is unalile to nffjrd liis chil.Iien any 

 Iieiier means of ciucttion than <-T.n he found at a common dis- 

 triirt school, 'i'hat I have .ittenlcd as long as appears lieue* 

 ticial, ard now, wishingto make higher attciinments, I am 

 determined to co.TimeiK'e a course of private study or self iu- 

 structiou. 1 do not in this way cvpcct to o'ltain a perfce-T, 

 much less afashionable education ; hu: I hope to bei*oiae fa- 

 miliar with tlje most important and useful branches of know 

 ledge, so as to be al)le to instruct the younger members of 

 the fiimily, and render my lite a g-eater blessing to myself 

 and to those around me. My situation at present allows ma 

 from four to five hours leisure each day, and I have the 

 means of obtaining a limited supply of books ^ but I fin:! 

 myself at a loss to decide how to proceed. 1 write therefore 

 to Entreat some iiei-son who is qualified for the task, to ad- 

 vise ine on tills subject. I wish iiarlieularly to be informed 

 as to the relative value or importance of the dilTerent 

 branches of study; the best order to observe in relation to 

 the time of coinmencia;,,-,nd the manner of prosecuting them ; 

 the most suitable books, &.c., St::.; reference being had to 

 my stuatinn and circumstances. 



A full and explicit answer to this, will very much oblig- 

 Your sincere fi lend, HliLBN. 



Our Valley, July l!m. 



RcMARES— It gives us sincere pleasure to publish the fore- 

 going letter of our fair friend ; and we hope some lady of 

 experience and educaton will assist her in her praiseworthy 

 clTorts. We sec no reason why farmers' dangJiters. even in 

 moderate circumst.ances, maj- not elevate themselves to an 

 intellectual standard far above raaay of those who boast so 

 perior advantages We trust Helen will pardon us for 

 making some alterations in her communication.— Eds. 



Inquiries about Ashes. 



Messr". Editors— I wish to ask tlie following qucillona 



rc3])ectin?;t!ie use of wool p.shea as manure; 



1st. What quantity of ashes is it proper to apply la an 



acre of crass land ? 

 ai. What kind of soil is ashes of the most bcnetit upon 

 31 What lime iu t)to year is tho best time to apply ashes 

 4-.h. Will ashes he aahmfeSHal upon land that haa boen 



plast-red, as aVliiS-wisi! ' .^«lMJ'f«..^ . 



