174 



THE NB:W GENESEE FARMER, 



Vol. 2 



Free Trade— Briti<:h Corn l,a%vs at the Low- 

 est Scale of Duty. 



A writer in the October number of the Democratic 

 Review, produces a long elaborate, but rotber elaebing 

 article under tbc nbjve hend, in whicb he Bays that 

 the effecle of restriction on trade in the shape of a na- 

 ticnal tariff is to "produces mere transfer of labor 

 " and capital, to take money from the pockets of one 

 " class of men to put it in those of another ; what one 

 " class has gained another has lost. One method of 

 " industry has been encouraged while all others have 

 " been depressed. Labor and capital in a particular 

 '• departmcMt have been rendered more productive by 

 " diminishing and exhausting their energies iu other 

 " departmcjits. In what «ay has industry been 

 " stimulated 7 What general advantage has there 

 "been in this? By diminishing its productiveness 

 " in ninety-nine brnnchee. in order that the hundredth 

 "may be raised to the average productiveness of what 

 " the others were before 1" &c. i^c. 



Well mav the writer of the above article call to his 

 aid the far fetched and one tided evidence given in 

 before the British House of C imnions, to support his 

 doctrine ; smco all the results of practical e.tperience 

 on the subject in our own country strike at the very 

 root of his theory. We will not go beyond our own 

 manufacturing town to prove, that s.nce the manu- 

 facture commenced, of those articles which arc pro- 

 tected by the compromise tar.if. real estate has lincn 

 50 per cent — both the consumption and the price ot 

 nil agricultural production in the vicinity hnvj in- 

 creased in still greater ratio, giving a correepondcnl 

 increase to the wages of the mechanic and the labor- 

 er, and multiplying the number to a ton fold c.-slont. 

 So far from those manufacturing pstablisbiuents which 

 are favored by a tariff, beiny prejudicial to the gener- 

 al trfle, they give it iu greatest aiiniulous, by the aid 

 they give to the farmer in the purchase of his staples, 

 an! t ) the laliorer and mechanic in the employment 

 Itjey receive. 



We have ono extensive woollen company here, 

 which could not have had an existence, but for the pro- 

 ■ lection given by the conipron »e bill — at this time 

 their cloths are aellmg in N. Y. at remunerniiua 

 prices, to an extent which alone does more towards 

 equalizing the exchanges of this county, than nil the 

 other staples sent to tl c fame market, if we except 

 iloui, and yet the amount thus disposed of is not a 

 tytheof the home trade. And what has produced all 

 this — we answer manufacturing industry judiciously 

 stimulated by moderate protection, in the shape of a 

 national tax on the correspondent imported article, 

 from the over populated old world. 



The advocates of free trade have supposed that the 

 repeal of the British Corn Laws would be a great boon 

 to the United States, what is the result now when the 

 duty on wheat in England is reduced to three half- 

 pense a bushel. 1 he continent of Europe supplies 

 her cheaper than we can. Such is the price of labor 

 in the United States, such the demand for the home 

 consumption, — for manufacturing New-England ; — 

 that should England want two or three days rations of 

 bread from u£ — the price in New York would rise a 

 dollar or two on the barrel of flou!. When ilour in 

 New York id above $6, Europe can successfully com- 

 pete w.th us in the sale of brcaJ stuffs in most of the 

 fjreign markets — let us then look to a home trade 

 rather than a free trade for our sure and stedl'ast hold 

 of hope. S. W. 



Waterloo, October 8, 1S.)I. 



cu?e did their very best, at the late State Fair, none, Dy Joseph Lee ; and one cow. the produce of Ariibel- 



Accommodatioiis at Syracuse. 



A M.VN ClIARGf^D A DOLLAR A MKAL. 



It must be confessed, that il is no very easv task I ^"^'i^'i' Robert Curry ; one 

 r ,, ,:■ L , ■„ . . scendanls, the produce of 



tor tha public houses ol ono village, to accommodate ' . - . r _ 



several ihousmil pers-ms. That the people of Syra 



I presume will question. But the extravagant chnr- 

 geb made by the principal tavern, should not be pass- 

 ed in silence. If any thing will deter our farming 

 citizens from attending such faiia, it is ihie genteel and 

 honorable way of emptying their pockets. Indeed, 

 we are rendering ourselves altogether ridiculous, by 

 preaching economy and mcderatiou at all other times, 

 and then recommending thiit, which is accompanied 

 with profuse waste of money. Some of ue well re- 

 member, of other similar S)cielies broken down, and 

 by costly diuucrs, merely ; how much more so then, 

 will it be in the present case, where after spending 

 two or three days, and partaking of no better fare, 

 certainly, than at our own ordinary farmhouse dinners, 

 (g >od enough to be sure.) we found ourselves very n o- 

 destly charged at the rate of about a dollar a meal, in- 

 cluding breakfast and supper, throughout. I am told 

 that other houses were very reasonable. 



But it is said that this high charge secured select 

 company at the house in question. Not at nil I The 

 majority, I doubt not, neither knew nor suspected any 

 thing till they paid their bills. But had they all 

 known previously, — why tlien — save me from such 

 company I A company, not of the ncnsible, the in- 

 telligent, the wise. But raihcr of spendthrifts, and 

 purse-proud, and needlessly wasteful, and would be- 

 thought rich. No wise man, no business man, will 

 throw away money. There are calls enough fir it 

 elsewhere. An extravagant man is one generally 

 who neglects to pay his honest debts, so far as my ob 

 scrvation extends. 



I would respectfully suggest, that the Executive 

 Comniiitee of the New York State Agricultural So 

 ciety endeavor to remedy this tvd in futiite, as 

 they desire the prosperity and good of the Society, 

 and to extend the benefit of its fairs to the f rul- 

 ing community at large. And I would propose that 

 an arrongeuiont be made with public housea to give 

 the prcftrcncc of admiaeion to members ; this would 

 induce many to join, lor the eake of entrance, nral be 

 the inefin:f ■perluips of putting kundeeds of dollars rn 

 to the treasviij. 



Having now done with the cxorl'tant eMc n{ i\v 

 question, pirinitme to notice one 'ustnnce of praise 

 wortby libernliiy, in the case of the Auburn and Sy 

 racuse rail-roail officer-, who ran an extra train of cais 

 each dfiy, charging only a dollar for each passenger to 

 Syracuse and back. And a lowme to say also, while 

 on the subject of rail-roads, that I was very sorry to 

 see some time ago in the New Genesee Faimer, a le- 

 commcndaiiou of this and packet boat travelling as 

 cheap modes for farmers. Old Ben Franklin preach- 

 ed from a different text, touching economy ; — read 

 Poor Hicharcl. A ME iNIBER. 



From the Albany Cidtirator. 



Milkiiis Propeitics of the Improved D. Cows. 

 Messrs. Gatloud and Tccker — An esteemed 

 friend, Mr. BAKTr.LTT of Connecticut, has called up- 

 on my brother and myself, through the July number 

 of your vi-.lunble periodical, to give some account of 

 our herd of Short Horned cattle, and I must plead 

 other and more pressing avocations as the only reason 

 why he has not met with an earlier response. The 

 object of Mr. Bartlett appeals to be, to show that so 

 far as our animals are concerned, they do not sustain 

 CoL.MAx's position, that Durhams are inferior to the 

 native race for milking and dairy properties. Lkwis 

 F. Ali.f.n, Esq to whom Mr. 15. refers, has, in the 

 June number of your paper, met the position taken 

 by Mr. Colman with great ability and success. 



Besides high grade, and some native, we have 

 twenty-five thorough bred animals. By the term 

 thoroughbred, I mean animals which are themselves, 

 or whose dam j and sires are recorded in Coate's Heid 

 Book, which furnishes for them full and undoubted 

 pedigrees. Among these animals, we have one cow 



nd three female descendants, the produce of twoani- 

 imls which were imported by Enoch Silsby, Esq. of 

 his state, under the name of "Boston," tmd were 

 with two female dc- 

 Washiugton and Panzy, | 

 mportcd by the late Patroon, and bred by Mr. Cham 

 )ion ; twofejnales, the produce of Harriet, imported ' 



la, imported by thelate Stephen Williams, and 



other female descendants of the last named ajiimnl 



One of these cows is sixteen, and two others four- 

 teen years old. All of them are in good health anil 

 exhibit the appearance, so far as condition is coneein- 

 cd, of being young animals, and two of them have 

 regularly bred up to this time. These facts do not 

 contribute M prove tiiat ihis breed of animals are too 

 tender and delicate to eituurc our cold climate, as [ 

 have occasionally seen and heard it alleged 



The inilk iVom nearly all of our cows is unusu- 

 ally rich, and the quan.ity much greater than we have 

 been able 'o obtain from superior native cows with 

 ihe same kce|i. My brother has regularly had good 

 common cowaon his farm for about twenty jcaie, and 

 he affirms without qualification this fact. 



Our cows have not given as much milk, nor made 

 ns great a quantity of butter, as have someother Short 

 Horns, yet one of them, in Ajiril last, on hay, made 

 more than twelve pounc's ot butter in a week, and we 

 have repeatedly converted the c eaiu in small quanii- 

 'ies from this cov/, into butter ir, fifteen seconds In 

 June, ppon grass alone, tlis cow gave MGII lbs. of 

 milU in a week, being milked but twice a day ; the 

 milk at this time was converted into chrese, and con- 

 sequently no butter maiie from her. Htid she been 

 milked thne times a day at this jicriod, [ am quite 

 coafident that her ]iroductof milk would have reached 

 4(10 lbs. and of butter not less than 14 lbs. per week. 

 We have another cow which averaged 48 lbs. of milk 

 per day in June, and still anothej, (now quite old,) 

 which a former owner assures me has yielded i'H 

 quarts of milk per day. 



We have also two heifers with their first calves, 

 which averaged ''>7 and 3.51b3. niilk per day through- 

 out the month of June last 



I will readily admit that among the great mass of 

 the common cows of the country, we occasionally find 

 ihose which are very deep and rich milkers, lint lit- 

 tle reliance, however, can be placed on their progeny 

 for the same properties, whilst with thorough bred 

 animals, by using bulls from deep milking tamiLes, 

 the produce is quite certain to paitake largely of the 

 sires and dams. 



]t would indeed be remarkable, a" Mr Allen well 

 obecrves, if, iu traversing tlio who'eof this State, in 

 the discharge of h. 8 official duties, Mr. Colninu, our 

 late highly respectable Agricultural Coinruiseioifr, 

 did not discover among the gieat mass of our com- 

 mon stock, some superior milkers and vaUiab'e dairy 

 animals. 



In the 4th toI. New-England Farmer, I find the 

 following opinion given of the Sliort Horns, by Gov- 

 ernor Lincoln, in a letter to Mr. P.iwell : 



" I have now (of Denton's progeny) tcven heifets 

 iu milk, four of them three years old, and three two 

 years old ; and for richness iu quality and abundancu 

 in quantity, they are not excelled by the best cows of 

 innj age of the native stock. A heifer thiee years old, 

 with her second calf, has not been dry since she drnpt 

 her first calf, having given 4 quajtson the morning of 

 her second calving. For the dairy and tbc stall, I 

 speak with the utmost confidence of their pre-tmi- 

 nerce." 



1 have recently had an interview with the intelli 

 gent and persevering owner of the "Cream Pot" 

 breed of cattle, and Col. Jacques assured me that In 

 attributed the rich dairy properties of his herd moii- 

 decisively to the Short Horned bull Ccclebs, than ti 

 the native Haskins row, from which his whole beid 

 86 I understand, descended ; and it would seem fion 

 Mr. Haskin's own account of the produce of ibis cow 1 

 as published in the 5ih vol. New England Farmer 

 that he must be correct in this opinion ; she is theri 

 represented as having made in two days i'J ILs. but 

 ter, which is 9 lbs. I'l ounces per week, being by ni 

 means a remarkable product wl.cn compared with tha 

 of many of the Short Horns. 



Iu Mr. Allen's valuable communication, be to 

 given the product of six short horn cows, viz., in hotl 

 milk and butter from three animals, in butter nloni 

 from one, and in milk alone from two animals. 



The butter from the four animals varies from IIJ ti 

 22 pounds per week, making the average of the ton 

 cows 15 lbs. 6 oz. per week. 



The milk from the five cows is from 28 io 35 quart, 

 per day, averaging lor each animal more than 32 quts 

 per day. 



Besides the product of these six cows, I find th< 

 produce of butter from six more Durham cows, a* 

 lollows, viz : 



Mr.Hasket's cow, 19 lbs. butter in Iweck, \ Jf"" ^ 

 Mr.Calvert's cow 373 do. do. in SSweeke, ', '''"™^ 

 Mr.Canby's cow 533 do. do. in one year, S \'i^ f 



5 150. 



Eltl 



