Li.i M i^ii»umjmmiH i iMM«UM»..ii..j gTi 



3. 



AND GARDE.NER'S JOURNAL 



47 



t" such iiiformatinn aa any may have acquired, 

 hey lioM likewise in the town, an annual cattle show, 

 whicli they display their beat stock, and exhibit sum- 

 's of their products, which are cvamined and repoitcd 



1 by co:nmiltecs appointed lor that purpose. This is a 

 ieci;ncn ol" many societies, founded on the same plan, 



dilVcrcut parts of the slate. Tlioy are cinineiitly 

 iii'lii-ial ; they stimulate inquiry ; they arouse a whole- 

 aieciuulation ; they lead to experinlonls; and arein- 

 rumcntal in diffusing a good deal of practical infor- 

 ation. 



AVe should be glad to give this avldrcss entire, but our 

 lils fcrbid it ; and wo must conline ourselves to some 

 ief quotations. ' 



Out of titirfcen tnilliotis of the population of 

 reat Britain, ong.'iged in various purpuiie, iiine mil- 

 is are employed in agricttliurc I And ihe soil of 

 rent Britain is by no means naturally fertile, but re- 

 tires the continued appliooiion of an and labor to 

 3ep it in a highly productive slate. Yes, in Great 

 land represents more thaji scrr.-t limes ihf vnl- 



2 of nianufacluiiug cii\iii.a\,/iiur Ji/lhs cif which cap- 

 il 18 employed in furnishing ibc le.ptisite suiiplies to 



iiiiurists. And the average nett prolit arising 

 om the immense Uindal capital is eslrmated at seven- 

 a and II h'df \)Ct cent. It is iliertfore generally 

 ImiLted in Great Britain, that agriculture is the baeis 



British prosperity, and the chieC pillar of the gov- 

 nment ; and the ijroader anil tirnier tire foirndation, 

 ,e more prolitable and durable will be its concomitant 

 lies, manufactures and coiinnrTcc. 

 This fact js well illustrated bv a i allegorical sign 

 r a country inn, called the " Five Alls." ltrepre-1 

 intB five human figures, beneath each of which is a 

 Otto, The first figure is a king with hie regalia : 

 is motto, '•! govern nil." The second, a bishop in 

 is pontificals; motto, " fproy for all." The third, 

 lawyer with his gown ; mono, "I plead for all." 

 ourih, a soldier in his regimentals ; motto, '* IJigkt. 

 ir nil." And the fifth, n farmer, in appropriate cos- 

 ime, with his scythe and rake ; motto, " 1 pni/ for 

 1." 



In the United States, the actual produce of our 

 lil, unless iu seasons of great scarcity, after supply 

 ,g the demand for .home consumption, furniobes tbi'ee 

 'Urtbs of our exports to foreign countries. And our 

 ;ricultural riches thus give an impulse to commerce 

 id mauulacturea, and enable us to import comforts 

 id lu.xuries from abroad, by which a revenue is de- 

 'ved for the support of the government. 



According to the Reportof the former Secretary of 

 ie Treasury, giving the value and quantity of the 

 gricuitural productions in the year 1839, it appears 

 nal in that year the article ot greatest value produced 

 'aa funj' The number of tons computed to have 

 een raised, being 9,830.415, which at 80 cts. a hun- 

 ted weight, the average price in the New York inar- 

 Bt, amounted to the enormous sum of .$157,'286, 840 ! 

 "be article next in value was Indiun corn, viz., 

 08,164,445 bushels, wliicb, at fifty cents a bushel, 

 aiounted w$154,0S0,2'-io. Alter this comes cotton, 

 ooutone billion three millions of pounds, which at 

 '.even cents, gives $114,909,577. Then we have 

 'heat ne.xt, amounting to 7.'>, 983, 449 bushels, at one 

 ollar a bushel : potatoes , one hundred and twomil- 

 ona of bushels ; which at 43 cts., gives 42, fc82, 000 

 oUars. Products of tlie dairy, equal to 34,159,000 

 ollars. Oats , at 33 cie. a bushel, amounting to 33 

 liilions of dollars : then sugar, 19 millions ot dollars, 

 »d tobacco at 10 eta. a pound, amounting to §14,- 

 00,000. 



In these returns the product of North Carolina, 

 Kentucky Florida and Wisc.insiii, are not included ; 

 <nd it is believed that the production, as published, is 

 ally ton per cent, below the actual product. Enough 

 owcver ie know to satisfy the world that we possess 

 Timense wealth. For tbe annual value of agricultu- 

 al productions alone, nsoffically given in this Report, 

 J nearly seven hundred millions of dollars! This 

 fas the product in 1839 : that of 1840 was certainly 

 en per cent, greater ; and there is good reason to 

 lelieve that the product of 1841 is larger still. 



On reflecting on these facts, every patriot must wish 

 hat agTiculiure may experience the fostering care of 

 [overnment ; that our legislatures may do more for 

 he former, instead of undoing what has already been 

 lone: that agricultural societies may multiply in our 

 and where facts may be gathered and knowledge 

 liSiieed ; that well-conducted agricultural publica 



schools ; and that a professorship may be eatablished 

 in our colleges." 



"In coiieliiding this address, I would say to nil 

 fnrmars, cherish your occupation, and maintninils re- 

 specinbility on all occasions, and at all hazards. Be 

 faithful to yourselves, and you will find no one to dis- 

 pute with you tbe antiquity, the utility, or tbe tlevated 

 cbnractcr of your occupation. Bo industrious; for 

 industry is the handmaid of health, and the key to 

 unlock golden treasures. However great tbe be- 

 nefii^ence of nature, she gives nothing gratuitously 

 to man. 



Study and practice economy, for it should ever be 

 remembered, that although labor creates wenlib, econ- 

 omy accumulates it. By economy 1 do not mean a 

 sordid, grasoing, avaricious spirit ; for true economy 

 is as far removed from that on tbe one hand, as I'rom 

 heedlefs extravngnnce on the other. 



Study the comfort and happiness of your family,- 

 hut avoid luxury as an evil of magnitude. Remem- 

 ber that tbe introduction of luxury into kingdoms, 

 states, or empires, has precipitated them from the sum- 

 mit of power, mid from the most flourishing pitch of 

 glory and renown. 



Be temperate in your habit.'!. On this much de- 

 pends. Tbe pure water which gu.^bes from the bill- 

 side, and meanders through tlic fields and meadows, 

 is the drink which tbe bounteous Giver of all good 

 designed for man. Intemperance is a rock on which 

 many a gallant barque has been wrecked. Indeed, 

 industry and economy cannot be practiced except in 

 connexion with temperance, as the hnpless fate of 

 many otherwise able and wortliy husbandmen have 

 proved. It should ever be borne in mind, that in this 

 coiiniry, industry, Irugality. and temperance will 

 nlwnys conduct a man triumphantly through the paths 

 of life. 



Cultivate your minds. This may be done by read 

 ing, by study, or by conversation. A go.nd farmer, 

 who mnnagea his concerns as thcycbould be managed, 

 will always find time to cultivate his intellectual fac- 

 idties, ns well as to exercise his physical powers ; 

 otherwise, he were in leed to be pitied. There are 

 limes when the mind should be exercised as well as 

 tbe body ; when inlormatiou on various subjects of 

 general interest should be obtained, of a character 

 more e^^'lid and enduring than can be found in the 

 newspapers of the day. Books ond poriodicals may 

 be bud in these "go ahead" times, on almost every 

 subject, in forms exceedingly cheap, and wtll-eelectcd 

 social libraries should be established in every town or 

 village iu New England. 



See that your children are well educated. Let 

 your sons be instructed in tbe various branches of 



ties, they invite to the most JIlBasing reminiscences 

 and nllccling redeclinns that are associRlcd with life. 

 In the one, we behold the morning of our own ex- 

 istence beautifully exhibited with freshness and 

 dews of youth upon us ; while the other, invites 

 the reflection that " nil flesh is grass, like the grass 

 it wilhcreth, and like the flower it fades and its 

 goodliness passes away." Thus every age finds in 

 them some emblem of its own fleeting being, and 

 every circumstance of life may hail Iheni as coun- 

 tcrpnrts. 



In ancient times they were employed to deck the 

 feast, and strew upon the bier and grave where 

 afl'eclion called Ibe admiring crowd for convivial 

 .iiislival, and weeping sorrow laid its loved one to 

 repose. They were spread in paths of triumphant 

 warriors as the emblems of victory and honor ; and 

 in gay wreathes adorned the brow beneath which 

 gay and happy hearts beat in holy response at 

 love's pure rituals. 



They bloom alike in tbe limited territory of the 

 cottager, and in tbe proud and extended parterres 

 of the wealthy and the gay. 



A love of flowers has ever been regarded as an 

 index of moral excellence and intellectual refine- 

 ment. Who that beholds their unostentatious ele- 

 gance, their gay simplicity, and unassuming beauty 

 ever turn away from them without being impress- 

 ed with the emptiness of artificial pomp and splen- 

 dor? Who that witnesses their evanescence, will 

 not read eflectually the lesson of universal frailty 

 and decay ? For childhood and youth the cultiva- 

 tion of flowers presents an imposing employment 

 and an interesting and instructing amusement. In 

 the period of exi.stence, when care does not pre- 

 sent its corroding anxieties ; when the spirits are 

 free and buoyant, and the world smiles fresh and 

 gaily on every hand, when expectation is buoyant 

 in looking through Ufe's vista as uponaAc(/o/./?«!c- 

 crs : when home and dear associations are binding 

 the soul in a thousand lies as indissoluble as exis. 

 fence ; when every scene and every object is im- 

 pressing the mind with images which are to dwell 



useful learning, that they may become active and m^^ |,j.jgi,t gpoim,p(,nti,e memory, when manhood 

 worthy members of an enlightened community. In- 

 culcate on their miude elevated eentiments and liberal 



principles. Teach tbcm that they shoald notlivefor 

 themselves only ; that in this republic, every mania 

 a pillar of tbe Etr.le, ."^-'id exerts an influence in socie- 

 ty, and has indispensable .'uties to perform, to his fam- 

 ily, bis country, nd hie God. 



Let not the education c' your daughter" ^o neg- 

 lected, for on li.e character of our women depends 

 the future fate of our coun'.ry. Teach them early to 

 look upon the labors and the profession of a husband- 

 man, with smiles ond sympathy, for we all well 

 know, llint in civilized commuiiitics. where the influ- 

 ence of the geiit'ersex is all powerful, as it should be, 

 no enterprise can succeed, or become popular, with- 

 out being cheered by the smiles and sympathy of wo- 

 man, the " flower of the human species." Educate 

 your daughters so that they will make good/ar»Kcrj,-' 

 wires, and, if thus educated, tlicy will reflect honor 

 on any station, however exalted, and be worthy to be- 

 come tbe mothers of fieemen." 



Floriculture. 



Bring blossoms of every hue and name, 



And buds for opening youth. 

 Garlands for honor and wreaths for fame, 

 And fadeless flowers for tbe purest flame 



Of the heart's enduring truth. 



Flowers for the mourner, flowers for the bride. 



Or garnish the hall of death, 

 And to strew the biers of them who died 

 In youth and age and manhood's pride, 



For such and for all a wreath. Locke 



In all ages and in every clime, the love of flow- 

 ers has been cherished and cultivated with increas- 

 , , ing attention and admiration. They have received 



iona may be well austained by the agricultural coin- , , „ . „„„tj 



nunity. and circulate extensively on every side ; that the fondest titles that sympathy or affection could 

 i^iadture m«y be made a branch of study in our | ofler, and m their opening petals and fading beau- 



comes with its sober reign and age with its furrow- 

 ed brow and silvery hairs, — in the morning of be- 

 ing when every action does its full share toward.^ 

 laying the foundation of thought, feeling and prin- 

 ciple/or life, what employment for leisure hours 

 can be more appropriate, than aiding the floral 

 world in its grand designs of beautifying the earth, 

 and what teachings of wisdom can be more power- 

 fully inculcated than those taught by the simplicity 

 and purity of nature? 



To the female sex, in every period of life, it of- 

 fers considerations of great and abiding import. 

 From them they may derive rich lessons to aid 

 thein in rearing tbe temple of the mind in those 

 who are to succeed them, a sphere peculiarly their 

 own, and to close with a response to the inferroga- 

 tory of another, there is no object iu nature more 

 beautiful than a young and lovely woman seen in a 

 parterre of flowers, herself the fairest, adorned 

 with innocence and virtue, administering to tha 

 drooping wants of the lily, or watching the ex- 

 panding beauties of the rose. W. B. 

 Fcbruuiy, 1842. 



Cleaning Glass. 



The French mode of cleaning fine glass utcnsila, 

 &c., gives them great brilliancy. It is done by finely 

 powdered indigo, and dipping into it o moistened linen 

 rn" with which the glasa must be smeared, and wiped 

 off" with a perfectly dry cloth. 



As a substitute for this, fine sifted aabes, applied by 

 a rag dipped in spirits, will also ar.ewer very well ; 

 but Spanish white is npl to roughen and injur* the 



