Im. B. BATEHAM, Proprietor. | VOIy, 3. ROCHESTER, APRII>, 1842. NO. 4. 



HENRY COLMAN, EdUor. 



PUBIilSHEI* MONTHIiY. 



TERMS, 



riFTY CENTS, per year, payaliie aUvays in itdv.%ncc. 



Post Masters, Agents, uiid otlieru, sending current mon- 

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The postage tii \\\\s paper is only one cent to anyplace 

 within this state, and one and a tiali' cents to uuypartof 

 the United States. 



-Address IM. B. BATEH.AM or II. COLMAN, Rocliestcr. 



inr For Contents see last pa£;e. 



The Monroe County Agiicultural Sbciety 



licld a Special Meeting on Tbursday, l/'tU ult., 

 for the purpose of fLxing a liat ol' premiums and ar 

 ranging the lime and place of the next Cattle Show. 

 The business not being complcled, the meeting stands 

 adjourned to the 2d Tuesday in Apiil, being the 12th 

 day of April, ei 10 o'clock, A. M., at the Arcade in 

 ilochester. 



Much interesting matter will come before the meet- 

 ing and a general altundance is requested. 



Gardening. 



For remarks on the time lor performing the differ 

 ent operations in the garden, we iniist refer our 

 readers to the two former volumes of the Farmer. 

 More particular directions for cultivating various gar- 

 den crops, will be given in successive numbers during 

 the present spring and summer. 



RoUiiig Wbeat in tiie Springt 

 Mn. Col -MAN — 



It is evident that much of the wheat through the 

 country, especially on moist mucky lands, is injured 

 by the frequent freezing and thawing during the past 

 winter. Unless something can be done to remedy the 

 evil, to some extent, we have to fear quite a failure in 

 the coming crop. 



Farmers may say that tliey have done all that they 

 can do to secure a crop; hut there is one tiling which, 

 if done in season, may elTect a great savijig. Lctcvery 

 &rmer who has not one, provide himself with a good 

 roller, and as soon as the season of freezing and thaw- 

 ing Is over, roll his wheat fields thoroughly, and I have 

 no doubt that it would saVe thousands of bushels of 

 wheat ill Western New York, the present season. 

 Farmers ! try it, leaving a part of a field unrolled, and 

 give to the community the result of your experience at 

 some future time. M. N. 



Geiicseo Co., March, 1813. 

 Editorial Remarks. — Rolling and Harrowing Wheat. 

 The above advice is seasonable, arid, we have no 

 doubt, judicious. We should recommend something 

 more than rolling ; and that is, harrowing before rol- 

 ling. As soon as the land is well dried, give your 

 wheat fields a good harrowing, by passing over them 

 with a horse harrow or one not too heavy ; then roll 

 them. In a fortnight or three weeks more go over 

 them again \vith a harrow and a roller. Do not be 

 afraid of destroying your wheat. Unless your har- 

 rowing is too heavy you will not displace or pull up 

 many plants ; and the advantages which those which 

 remain will derive from the operation, will be a full 

 compensation for any loss in tliis way. We have fully 

 tested this jnatter more than once, having harrowed 



our wheat crops twice in a season, and after the plant 

 was eight or ten inches in height ; and with decided 

 advantage, having left in such cases [iRrts of the field 

 untouched with a view to determine the exp''dieney or 

 inexpediency of the operation. The result has been 

 highly beneficial. The eflect of it is, by stirring the 

 ground, to bring the air to the roots of the plant, and 

 to loosen the soil so that they may extend themselves 

 I'recly. This induces avigorous vegetation, and causes 

 the plant to tilFer abtindantly and throw out numerous 

 shoots from the crown. We advise to harrowing only 

 in one direction. The rolling will serve to break the 

 clods and to fix the plants, which are thrown up, in 

 the ground. In England, wheat is frequently sown in 

 drills with a machine adapted to the purpose ; and af- 

 terwards cultivated by a cultivator, contrived to pass 

 thrdugh and loosen the soil in the rows, as we plough 

 and cultivate between the rows of our Indian corn. 

 This is said always to be beneficial to the crop, though 

 with our imiierfect means such refined tillage can hard- 

 ly be looked for, and, with prices uf labor ainong us, 

 might not be compensated. 



We have yet to learn the value of constant tillage to 

 thfc growing plant ; and believe it would be found of 

 the highest importance to our Indiaii corn to plough 

 and cultivate il much more than we do. These sug- 

 gestions coincide with the true philosophy of vegeta 

 tion as far as it is understood, as such tillage causes a 

 discharge of ammonia from the decaying vegetable 

 matter in the soil, and quickens the receptive powers 

 of the roots and leaves of the plant to take it in. 

 Value of Root Crops—Mr. Sheiter's Practice. 

 Mr. Editor — 



In order to show that all the farmers of Wheatland 

 do not agree with Mr. Garbutt in the opinion that 

 root crops cannot be raited cxtensicdy to advantage 

 by farmers in this country, it is only necessary to refer 

 to the practice and opinions of Mr. Geo. Sheffer, 

 some accounts of which have repeatedly appeared in 

 the Farmer. 



In a conversation He'd with him a few days since, 

 he stated that the quantities raised by him the past 

 season were, as nearly as he could estimate, as fol- 

 lows : — 



8 acres of potatoes, yielding 2,000 bush. 



3 " ofSugarBeetandMangelWurlzel,!i,500 " 



2 " of Carrots, - - - 1,1C0 " 



3 " of RiitaBnga, (injured by drought) 900" 



Making in all, - - - 6,500 " 

 The Beets, Carrots and Turnips, he finds by actual 

 calculation, cost him on an average lees than 6 cents 

 per bushel, including all expenses ; and he considers 

 them worth about double that price for feeding stock ; 

 the beets he feeds to cows, o.xen, fatting cattle, &c. ; 

 the carrots for horses and hogs, and the ruta bagas for 

 sheep. 

 His farm stock the past season consisted of — 

 60 head of horned cattle, 

 12 Horses, 

 190 Sheep, 

 138 Hegs, (56 fatted). 



If Mr. Sheffer were as expert in the use of the pen 

 as he is with the plough and hoc, he could easily fur- 

 nish statements of the results of his experiments that 

 would plainly show the advantages of root cultrvatlon. 

 M. B.B. 



Remedy for Choked Cattle. 



Mr. Editor— 



In last month's Cultivator I noticed a simple instru- 

 ment recommended for unchoking cattle ; but simple 

 as it is, I consider it would be very dangerous in un- 

 skiliul bands. Having same years ago lost two val- 

 uable cows by quite as simple a thing being pushed 

 down their throats to unchoke them, I would by no 

 means recommend the use of it. In discarding it, 

 however, I will substitute a remedy quite as simple 

 and efiicaciotis, and much safer. Ihke a round stick 

 about 12 inches long and the circumference of a com- 

 mon rolling pin, used for rolling out paste, cut a notcU 

 round each end of the stick and tic some twine in the 

 notches ; put the stick into the creature's mouth and 

 fasten the twine round each horn to keep the stick in 

 its place ; when this is done, turn the animal into a 

 yard, and have a litt'e patience, and it will unchoke. 

 I have tried this frequently, and never knew it to fail. 

 I am not philosopher enough to explain the principle 

 of this operation, blit I imagine tha: the external air 

 or tue breath of the animal, or both together, aot upon 

 the substance and corrode it, so as to allow the crea- 

 ture to swallow it. Be that as it may, you may rtly 

 on the proctical result. Youre truly, 



January 20, 1842. B. M; 



AGRICULTURAI. INTELLIGENCE. 



Hereford and Improved Durham Cattle. — It 

 is stated that at the gl-eat Agriculturol Cattle show last 

 autumn at Smithfield, the largest ever holden in Eng ■ 

 land, out of eleven premiums open to general compe- 

 tition, the Hereford oxen tdok 



Three First Premiums, 



Two Second Premiums, 



One third Premium. 

 The Durham oxen took 



One First Premium, 



Two Second Premiums, 



Two Third Premiums. 

 Earl Spencer, tho great advocate and breeder 

 of Durham Short Horns, admitted the defeat ; but 

 expressed his determination to beat the Herefords tho 

 next year. We shall see. 



Farm School. — Benj. Buasey of Boston, lately 

 deceased, with most distinguished liberality, has left, 

 at the decease of some heirs, half of his estate, valued 

 at more than 300,000 dollars, for the establishment of 

 an agricultural school on his beautiful and highly cul- 

 tivated farm in Roxbury, six miles from Boston. It 

 would be difficult to find a more eligible location for 

 this object ; and the form is one of the most improved 

 in Massachusetts. No expense has been spared in 

 its cultivation ; and the stone walla upon it in particu- 

 lar, for their firmness and beauty, considering their 

 extent, are not equalled in the country. 



