So. 7. 



AND GARDENER'S JOURNAL. 



101 



jvvii'iusi '■ Why jish'Mild yielil inorccieom ihun in 

 till I'ana wo shall cerininly undoriRke to givenn rea- 

 son, iiniil we knuw tiic fact, whicli al present we dis- 

 triisi. Tbe sweeinees of the cream will depend, we 

 believe, upon the dairy mni I, upon plenty of water 

 among the pane, and sonicwhot upon the nee ehc 

 muket) of her elbowjoinis. Ho advises tone three 

 fiiirihs of an oiinc i)f good loaf sugar to a pound of 

 biicor-— this we utterly protest against. The butler is 

 injiirod by the application of any thing but the pniesi 

 silt. 



The contributions fo: premium? In Oneida county 

 are highly liberal, amounting to 67.S dollars — from the 

 state $"i")5 — from snbicriptions $4'23. 



Niigiira County Socichj. Indian Corn. — A pre- 

 I miumon a crop of corn of lli9 bushels 44 pounds to 

 the acre, and for a crop of oats ol 92J huehela per 

 acre. N > account is given of the mode of cultivation ; 

 but we have anoihi r account of a premium crop of 

 corn of 71 bushels per acre andsLt hundred pumpkins 

 on the same land. We think it quite loo late in the 

 day to give a premium on 71 bushels of corn, unless 

 there is something peculiar or eiiraordinary in the 

 cultivation. We should be glad to know the opinions 

 of farmers on the expediency of cultivating either 

 pumpkins or turnips with corn. 



Washington County Agricultural Society takes the 

 lead ol all others in regard totrops; and announces 

 the largest crop of corn ever recorded in the country 

 within our knowledge. 



Job Eldridge produced 122 baskets of corn on an 

 acre, each basket i 15-3-.; bushels strict measure, 

 which if there be no error in onr reckoning, would be 

 fqual to 179 bushels 6 quarts to an acre. This state- 

 ment will be received, we apprehend, with some in- 

 credulity i and we can only expre33 the wish that it 

 had been more fully certified. We do not deny its 

 possibility, for we have not reached the end of our 

 line yet; but, but, but, -we should like to have 

 done it, or to have seen it done. 



To Pelcg Shermon likewise was awarded a pre- 

 mium for 806 j bushels of potatoes toon acre. This 

 was a magnificent crop ; but the committee are care- 

 ful to express in a note their chagrin at the imper- 

 fect manner in ^rhich the amount of crop wos verified. 

 The mode of measuring, that is finding that six hills 

 would make a bushel, and then counting the number 

 of hills on the acre, is altogether uncertain and objec- 

 tionable. We should be very glad to know how 

 they arrived in the case by such a mode, to the frac- 

 tional exactness of two thirds of a bushel. 



We do not, however, desm the statement absolute- 

 ly incredible, as we have the assurance of one of the 

 best farmers and best men in the country, that he as- 

 aisted in the cultivation and harvesting of 4000 bush- 

 els of potatoes from five acres of land. 



Eight premium crops are mentioned in this case, 

 but with the exception of Mr. Sherman's statement 

 in a note, no account whatever is given of the modes 

 of cultivation. To know Itoio a thing may be done 

 seems in these cases to be rr.uch more important than 

 the simple fact that it has been done. 



We shall pursue the examination of these papers oa 

 R future occasion. 



Wool Growing. 



The subjoined article is from the Boston Cultiva- 

 tor of June 4ih, whose editor, H. G. Meriam, wheth 

 er bis view* be tight or wrong, is entitled to the high- 

 est credit for the ability and zia with which he advo- 

 cates what he deems the best interests of the Farmer. 

 We arc not prepareti to enter npon this subject at this 

 time, but the facts which are stated here ce--tainly de- 

 serve the most serious consideration. It is obvious 

 how difScult it must be under any protective system, 

 to adjust harmoniausly and satisfactorily all the diver- 



sified ><nd cotifiicting interests, where, in respect to 

 many of them, one qan live only by eating np an 



other. 



Fads which have recently come to our knowledge, 

 make it our duty to call the attention of ibe public ami 

 our legislotore to the condition and prospects of unr 

 wool growc'S. Wool ^rowing has already b* come a 

 L'reni bpeinese in ihc United States, millions of capi- 

 tal are already invested, the resources of Ibis vast 

 country, espeeinlly the far west, have not as yet begun 

 to be developed in Sheep-husbandry — ihoufih our an- 

 nual wool product now exceeds fifty million pounds, 

 aivl Arts been worth about $20,000,000. The number 

 of Sheep in Vermont exceeds thirteen hundred thou- 

 BDiul — in New To'.k, five millions three hundred 

 tbousanil — .n Pennsylvania, three mll-ons three hun- 

 lired thousand, and in Virginia, twelve hundred thou- 

 sand, and in Ohio, nineteen hundred thousand. 



Now what are the prospects ttf this vast ond grow 

 ing business of the country? It is evident to every 

 man ,>f sense, that the whole depends upon an adequate 

 market. Wc hove before said, that the wool growing 

 business was already neotly mined by the importation 

 of foreign wool admitted dutyfree, such as come in 

 competition in our own market, with our wool of a 

 medium quality. In this we were grossly dereived — 

 we shoulif have .»ai(l such as come in direct competi- 

 tion with oitr wool of every fjuality . 



We have before us now on our toble, six kinds of 

 woo], imported duty free, from South America, fur 

 nished ns as samples by one of the largec-t importers 

 in the United States, which actually cost in South 

 America from 3J to less than 8 cents per pound, and 

 therefore oil adimited duty free. 



The Ist kind is a long coarse wool about 7 inches 

 in length, and aoout as fine as the wool of our coarse 

 long wool sheep, ond such as is manufactured into 

 carpets, worsted, coarse blankets and negro cloths — 

 and conies in direct competition in our market with 

 the wool of our Unkewell and other coarse long wool- 

 ed sheep. This sample is very white ond clean and 

 mav be afforded for 12J to 16 cents per pound. 



The 8d kind is a coarse wool of a finer grade, full 

 as good as the wool of the best of our old fashioned 

 common sheep, and is admiiably adapted for a middle 

 grade of satineits, coarse woollens, and common 

 blankets. 121)0 bales of this wool were imported into 

 the port of Boston, last week, duty free. If this wool 

 be sold at IC§ cents per pound, it will afl'ord the im- 

 porter over one hundred per cent, profit. This wool 

 by comparison is full as fine as the wool we took from 

 a half Dishley and half Irish corset ewe but not qnite 

 so long, and may be made as white as the driven 

 snow, by washing alone, aa we know by actual ex 

 periment. 



The 3d is full as fine as our best half blooded meri- 

 no wool, and may be cleaned, as the importer told us, 

 from IJ to two cents per pound, either by band or 

 machinery. This wool is good enough for the second 

 grode of broadcloths, cassimeres, flannels, and the 

 first class of satinets, and may be imported so that 

 it shall not cost the manufocuirer, when perfectly 

 cleaned, twenty cents per pound. 



The 4tb, same grade, full of burrs and dirt, may 

 be cleaned for two cents per pound, and may be pur- 

 chased abroad at the lowest rate above stated. 



The 5th, is a sample of wool ol about the same 

 grade as the above, short and fine, cleansed in South 

 .\merico, very white and clean. We were surprised 

 when the importer assured ns, that this very wool 

 was imported duty free, and coBi in South America, 

 positively less than 8 cents per pound. 



The 6th is very ."imilor to pure merino wool, and 

 I he sample which we have washed in hot soap suds, 

 has become beautifully white and clean. This wool 

 i:oinparcs well with some samples we have from the 

 Hon Isaac C Bates' flock, and others of the western 

 liait of this Slate. So fine was this wool, that when 

 compared with Mr. Bales' wool, we were unable to 

 decide which was the finest, nd so we called in a 

 third person, who declared Mr. Bales' a little the 

 finest, but the difference was trifling. This wool was 

 imported dutyfree, while the very ctollts manufactured 

 from this wool, by the compromise act, have been 

 protected by a dulv ranging from 50 to 2U per cent, 

 down to June 1842. Is this the justiee our 'public men 

 render vnto the farmer f II so, tell us what you will 

 call injustice. 



Our annual product of wool is just about equal to 

 our annual consumption, and under ajust nriffgiving 

 ihe farmer an equal protection with the manufVieinrer, 

 sheep husbandry would expand equally with our man- 

 ufactories, and the formers grow rich equally fast. 



Much of Snuih America is very favorable to sheep 

 husbandry. One hundred (heap may be raised there 



as cheap and easy as ten in New England. They may 

 graze the year round in cheap pastures, and are con- 

 scqiienily less eiiljeet to disease, and seldom dicex- 

 'epi from severe storms and old age. Aware of these 

 fact-", enterprising men from New England and other 

 parts of the world, have gone nut to South America, 

 ud engaged Inrgely in wool-giowing, and who, by 

 judicious crossings, have produced the fine wool of 

 which wc have spi. ken. 



These facts hove led us to alter our views in relation 

 to the amount of duly proposed to be put on this wool 

 now imported duty free. The Hon. lease C. Bates' 

 wool, being the clip of 1841, is now stoied and un- 

 sold in the city of Boston, ond if we are r orrectly in- 

 formed, cannot now command an ofltrof one half so 

 niucn as ituold lor four or five years ago, so great has 

 been the improvement and increase of South Ameri- 

 can wool, and the facilities for cleaning it. The 

 iwenty per cent duly proposed by the Secretory of the 

 Treosury, on thi se wools, purchoei d for less than eig! t 

 cents per pound abroad, will not save our w(;ol grow- 

 ing fanners from absolute destruction and ruin, and 

 runnnlfail to preistrate this deportment ifugrievllnre 

 throughout the United States. For what dues 20 per 

 cent on wool, which costs in South America 5 cents 

 per pound, amount to, as a protection of our wool 

 growers, ag.iinst this immense and noir ruinous com- 

 petition. One dollar on 100 pounds — just nothing. 



The Secretaiy of ihe Treasury is certainly mis- 

 taken, when he esiimotes the annua! amount of this 

 wool imported, at 9,303,992 pounds, for there was 

 importeil into the port of Boston alone, in 1841, by 

 on actual account, which we obtained from the vigi- 

 lant collector, 0,858,957 pounds, and we are assured 

 by an extensive importer, who is thoroughly acqiiaint- 

 ed with this whole subject, and the amount of impor- 

 tations in New York, Boston, Philadelphia and Balti- 

 more : and he sayh there is as much imported into 

 New York as Boston, and that the annual and increas- 

 ing importaiion, is from 15 to 17,000,000 pounds per 

 annum. This accounts for the great glut and falling 

 of prices in the wool market. 



"Thnt ibis subject may be understood at Washing- 

 ton, we shall send on a card containing each kind of 

 wool of which we have spoken, also the sample, which 

 we were told was from one of the fleeces of ihe Hon. 

 Isaac C Bales' flock — one sample from Mr. Strong's 

 flock, to some Hon. Senator, with a particular re- 

 piest ihat he shall exhibit t to hie colleagues, and 

 thus we shall soon know who there are there worthy 

 of the votes of farmers, or true to the great and lead- 

 ing interests of the whole people. 



Baltimore Wool, 



Transactions in wool to a considerable extent hove 

 taken place during the week, among which we noie 

 a sale of 10.000 pounds Saxony and Merino fleece, 

 washed, at 26 cents, 6 months. Sales also of three 

 quarter to full blood Merino at 33 • cnts on time, and 

 of unwashed at 16 to 18 cents. We note sales also of 

 washed Native to quarter blood Merino, at 20 to 28 

 cents, as in quality. 



Productive Sheep. 



ILr A black fi II ewe, sixteen years of age, the prop- 

 erty of Mr. Tyson, of the Old King's Head Inn, 

 Broughton in Furness, has within the last fourteen 

 years yeaned and reared no fewer than twenty-nine 

 lambs ! namely, one when two years old, and two 

 each succeeding year since. — Eng. paper. 



Large Fleeces. 



Two fleeces of wool shorn this year from Merino 

 Bucks owned by Jesse Harroun, Ogden, Monroe Co., 

 of two year's growth, weighed together S3 lbs 13 oi. 



One fleece from a Merino Buck owned by Mills 

 Landon of the same place, of one year s growth, 

 weighed ten pounds. 



The above wool was of fine quality, washed and 

 neatly done up. 



NEW YORK ill iRKET, Saturd.iv, Juae 95. 



FLOUIl— Asae of 5UU bbU good liruiid Genesee, was 

 made at ^5,^7^. Shi pers .ire willing to t.-ike large pjir els 

 at that rate, but . aanot iind it. From Ihe East the demand 

 is lim ted. W. quote Genesee 85 e7J a 5 M ; Ohio flat- 

 hoop, 5 f-"J ; round Miehigan 5 87^ ; Troy 3 87i a 6. A lale 

 of 1 hio flat-hnop from store was made at 5 T5. Southern 

 is very inactive. 



GRAIN— The market is very scantily supplied, and is con- 

 sequent y du I. Small sales Northern white ro n at r,2 1-3 

 cents, nieaBure. and New Orleans at 55, weight. Oati 39 s 

 40f. Uye scarce : nominiilly 6-2 -i and 63. 



CINCI.NNATI. June '20— " Business in the produce mar, 

 ket remains dull— produce of all kinds very ow Pork auIlB 

 for $6 .;0 a $7 per barre —Flour 8375 n $i 87 1-2— Whii. 

 bcyl3v'peir gallon. No 4a'99 of Bot» for ihe^iait w^f^,'- 



