No. 10. 



AND GARDENER'S JOUIWAL. 



149 



of the people, ord held encred Ibi- ibe rising mil 



i;s ihnt are yet lo demand bread from the earth, is, 

 .11 ihe natural couree of human wpniity and aiilborie- 

 ^'il abuse of power, to be covered wiib the mere paper 

 iiilos of men, who never enw it, and care notbing for 

 •5 improvement, who lie down upon it like the dog in 

 iho manger, while they or tbiM-Jbeirs are t9 be made 

 I iih by the increase of its value, although to its intrin- 

 i-n- voUie or improvement tlicy have never contributed 

 and never design lo contribute the worth of a straw. 



1 have already extended my remarks upoa this ex- 

 cursion to a much greater length than I had intended. 

 There are many topics connected with it, which 1 

 wished lo have difciisseil at large ; but ihie could not 

 be done to my own satisfuction unices I took the whole 

 paper to myself; and this would be little to the satis- 

 faction of my subscribers ; and very likely to leave 

 the whole concern, both editing and subscription, to 

 myself. 



1 wished to have discu6ee<J at large the Improve- 

 ments of which I think the husbandry of the country 

 is capable, lis agriculture, though respectable and 

 productive, is yet in a very imperfect condition. 

 Crc.ps of wheat, the great product of the country, av- 

 eraging only about twenty bushels per acrCj and of 

 Indian corn not more than tweniy-five or thirty, are 

 little more than a third of what the soil can be made 

 to produce. 1 hold that the only limits of production, 

 which should ever satisfy the enterprising and intel- 

 ligent cultivator, are the capacities of the soil; and 

 the only limits of cultivation are, the relation which 

 the value of an article, when produced, bears to the 

 expense of its culture. The capacities of the rich 

 soil have ns yet by no means been fully tested ; and 

 the vni ions questions, what products would best com- 

 pensate for the cultivation, and whether the most ex- 

 pensive cultivation would be warranted, and whether 

 with the present prices of landand of labor, it is bet- 

 ter to cultivate a large extent iniperfecily or a smaller 

 extent much more thoroughly, and various other mat- 

 ters growing out of tliese, are nil questions, the pro- 

 per decision of which involves so many and such va- 

 vious elements, the price of land, the cost of labor, 

 the facilities of market, the supply, the demand, and 

 a variety of particular circumstances connected with 

 the particular localities and likewise with the domes- 

 tic condition of each farmer, that I cannot now enter 

 upon them. At present I must reserve these topics 

 for some other public occasions ; and in the mean 

 time I beg leave to suggest ihem to my intelligent 

 correspondents, hoping they may excite their wits and 

 then, as matter of course, move their pens. 



T am unwilling to close this very superficial sketch 

 of the agricultural condition of the Genesee Valley, 

 without acknowledging, as I do most respectfully, the 

 kindrcss and hospitality i«th which my visits were 

 welcomed by many of the intelligent farmers of this 

 favored region. I shall retain a grateful recollection 

 of it ns long as I live ; and be most happy to accept 

 their kind invitations to extend the acquaintance. I 

 deem it among the greatest blessings of my life that 

 my toste and pursuits have led me to cultivate a moat 

 ntimate acquaintance with thercraland agricultural 

 population ; and some of the happiest hours of my 

 life have been spent at their cheerful firesides and un- 

 der their hospitable roofs. 1 have heard much of ihe 

 vulgarity and boorishness of the country; but they 

 do not belong mpre to the country than to the city. 

 True politeness consists in the habitual disposition 

 and endeavor to make those around you happy. It is 

 not, as many suppose, a matter of mere form and 

 manner, but of feeling and sentiment. Among dif- 

 feieut classes or conditions of society, certain conven- 

 tional forms are agreed upon under which it is to be 

 expressed ; bttt in cases, where tormare moststudied, 



it too often happens that forms arc all which are re- 

 garded. Tho genuine and substnntial dicposition 

 may be difcerncd under a rongh as well ns a^lishcd 

 surface, and expressed in the most nniurnl and awk- 

 ward ns well as the most graceful and studied atti- 

 tudes and niovenieatB. An old friend of mine, in 

 giving an account of his early life as a candidate for 

 the ministry, told me that the kind woman with whom 

 he boarded where he first settled, in helping him to a 

 piece of hard-boiled Indian pudding, a frequent dish 

 upon the table, was in the habit of cutting it into her 

 haad and laying it in his plate ; and with tho spirit of 

 n truly benevolent philosophy, he added, that " as 1 

 knew her hand was as clean as her heart wns pure, I 

 was willing lo receive it in any way she chose." 

 Yes ; and so itsbould be to every mind that knows of 

 how mnch more value is the substance than ihe shad- 

 ow, ns if it had been handed upon n silver fork or 

 porcelain cover, protected by a napkin of the finest 

 damask. I can say in truth that among ihc hundreds, 

 1 mny sny thousands, of farmer's families, which I 

 have visited, I have never witnessed the slightest 

 rudeness or incivility ; and have in most cases expe- 

 rienced a polilences, as sincere, ns genuine, and as re- 

 fined in character, if not in form, as in the most bril- 

 liant and carpeted halls of city palnece. 



A considerable portion of the inhabitants of this 

 favored region have enjoyed ihe highest advantages of 

 education ; and to the charms of rural life add the best 

 refinements of polished society, without, as is too oi- 

 len the case, destroying the simplicity of the country 

 by the burdensome and, in the country we may safe- 

 ly call them, the frivolous formalities of city etiquette. 

 When in such residences, to the rich abundance of 

 the products of a well cultivated farm and garden, you 

 find united a disposition for rural labor, a taste for ru- 

 ral scenery and rural sports, and the beautiful accom- 

 plishments of music and drawing throwing the r 

 charms around, and all mingled wilh a hospitality as 

 frank, sincere, and unrestained as it is profuse and 

 elegjnt, and " books and work and healthful play," 

 dividing the hours, and the character and mind are 

 found in a corresponding hormony, it is difficult to 

 imagine any earlhly condilion more favored. 



I might give names in these casetij for I know my 

 description mny awaken some curiosity ; but this 

 would be contrary to all my hnbits, and as inconsis- 

 tent with my own sense of propriety as it would be 

 offensive to the delicacy of friends to whose kindness 

 I owe so much enjoyment. 



The natural scenery of many parts of the Genesee 

 Valley is of surpassing riclmess and beaaty. The 

 view of the valley from Mr. Wadsworth's residence 

 and from the eminently beautiful residence of Mr. 

 Murray, on the summit of Mount Morris, in its ver- 

 dure, its luxuriance, its forests, its single trees, and 

 ils Hum'eroirs dumps of trees left here and there with 

 exquisite taste, in the windings of the river, in the 

 numerous scattered residence?, in the blight villages 

 seen in different pans of the valley and sparkling upon 

 the summits of ihe hills, presents a landscape of ex- 

 traordinary magnificence. 



Following up one branch of the valley to the villa- 

 ges of Nunda and Portnge, to the upper Falls of the 

 Genesee, the road traverses a comparatively new 

 country, but one destined to be extremely rich in ils 

 agricultural productions. At the passago of the Gen- 

 esee river down the Falls, and through its high cliffs 

 the traveller of tnsie will find a treat, secr>nd, as lar 

 as my obeervation has extended, only to the wonder- 

 ful nnd glorious Niagara. In the course of about two 

 miles the river makes a descent, in three successive 

 leips, of nearly three hundred feet, and in a full state 

 of the water, these falls combine in the highest meas- 

 ure, the-' 'menls of beauty and grandeur. The riv- 



cr has worn its way for o distance of several miles 

 through very tofiy cliiTs for a long extent, of four 

 hundred, nnd in some inatnnccs, of seven hundred^ 

 feet in height. The whole passage is perfectly unique 

 in ils character ; ni>d while it charms by its piclur- 

 eequcness, it produces a profound impression of awe 

 for that mighty power which, by a stcndy operation 

 for successive undefined periods, has carved out this 

 inighly channel for these ever rushing waters through 

 the solid rock. The traveller here, likewise, has a 

 view of the great artificial tunnel of eleven hundred 

 and ninety feet through the mountain, for the passage 

 of the Genesee Valley Canal. This is a great enlcr- 

 priso and a work of iminenso labor ; but slnndiiig 

 along aide of tho deep gorge of the mountains, the 

 nnghiy work of thousands of years, one can only 

 exclaim, what are the works of man compared with 

 the works of God I 



Improved Stock in Genesee County. 



Mr. CoLM.iN — I assume the liberty of calling the 

 attention of those engaged in rearing fine stock, aa 

 well as those wishing to. improve theirs, to the exten- 

 sive herd of Peter A. Remsen, Esq., consisling of 

 Durhnms, Herefords, (or a cross of Durham with 

 ihe Devon,) the rest of various grades, amounting in 

 all to 156 in number. lie commenced his stock by 

 direct importations (rom various herds in England in 

 1834 — his Bull Volunteer, a while, was out of the 

 stock of Mr. Coling ; his Bull Alexander, a red, waa 

 out of the stock of Mr. Maynnrd of Harsley Hall, 

 Yorkshire, Eng., and of as good pedigree as England 

 can boast. I have it in my possession back to the fa- 

 mous Bull Hubback. ^ Mr. Remsen resides one 

 mile east of the village of Alexander, and any person 

 wishing stock will, by calling on him, find htm cour- 

 teous and affable, willing to go into the minutest de- 

 tail nnd at once rendy to set prices upon bis slock in 

 unison with the times. Any person calling upon me 

 can see a sample of his stock in the Bull ' ' Red Jack- 

 et," which I purchased of him soon after I came here. 

 He has been fed only on hay nnd grnas, and he will 

 raise the beam 2000 pound?, beiug only 3 years of 

 age past ; he has been let to 100 cows this season, 

 and I have had to keep him in my poorest feed, as his 

 disposition for fattening seems equal to Hubbacks. 



I commenced improving my stock of cattle some 

 35 years since, from the imported slock of Messrs, 

 Adcock & Mason, of Otsego Co., called by them I 

 believe the Bakewell, which stock I continued to im- 

 prove until a Devonshire Bull was brought into the 

 country, from whence I came, and thinking a cross of 

 my Bukcwell with the Devon would succeed, I com- 

 menced bteeding from that stock, and found the result 

 most highly satisfactory, and continued in that course 

 till I removed hence. I am now breeding, or rather 

 commencing, a stock from pure Devon cows and my 

 bull Red Jack-eti and frora present appearances I am 

 satisfied wiih my course. 



I cannot close my remarks without offering a sug- 

 gestion to the various Town Committees of the Gen- 

 esee County Agricultural Society, which is, that ihe 

 members of each town committee should visit in per- 

 son every farmer in their respective towns, and earn- 

 estly solicit their aid and membership to said society, 

 and I think we should have but little fear ; for when 

 once fairly enlisted in a canseso worthy, the society 

 must flourish, and not present such o scene as was 

 the last year, by a deficit in means sufficient to draw 

 the sum apportioned to this county from the elate. 

 I am, sir, yours with regard, 



ZACHARIAH CONE. 



Baiaria, Sept. 9M,1S42. 



Remark — Having on several occasions visited Mr. 

 Remsen's farm and admired his fine stock, we take 

 pleasure in publishing the above notice, and can assure 

 our readers that both owner and cattle richly merit all 

 the praise bestowed. — Pub, N. G. Far. 



