No. 11. 



AND GARDENER'S JOURNAL. 



ns 



Wc sec no Rohans among the uuuibor ; so Iransienl 

 is popularity among potatoes as well as all other farth- 

 ly things. We believe, however, they were represent- 

 eJ afterwards; and also potatoes called " Perfection- 

 ists;" of Mormons, none apiw.tred ; they belong, vfe 

 believe to a cidc-hill in Ontario county. . 



On one crop of RutaBaga, ofonequartcrofan acre, 

 at the rate of "J^st bushels per acre. To give a premi- 

 um on such a crop as this would, we should fear, dis- 

 turb poor Cobbctt's bones in his grave. 



On Sugar Beets, 5*9 bushels. On Mangel Wort- 

 lel, 1115 bushels. 



On Carrots, 554 bushels pei acre. We have grown 

 a thousand bushels, and wc have known crops at the 

 rat£ of 1390 and 17S0 bushels per acre. Premiums 

 were given on silk, flannel, and Sugar al! which were 

 pronounced excellent. Sugar always (inds favor. 

 This Committee are always a tasting Commiltee; and 

 we <Iefy a man to say an unkind thing with a large 

 lump of sugar under his cheek. We have never yet 

 seoji the woman that could scold her husband with a 

 piece of double refined loaf sugar in her mouth, and 

 we recommend it as a prc*"entive. 



A'^ariaus other articles were honored ; but alas ! a 

 pair of white German Geese were overlooked. Strange 

 they had not asserted their rights among other pairs of 

 geese, which possibly may have been there. The Ro- 

 mans! the Romans! of all people in the world to over- 

 look the geese. Base ingratitude ! The old Romans 

 never forgot the descendants of their distinguished 

 benefactors, who saved the Capitol. They made the 

 Goose the object of their idolatry. Sad degeneracy 

 among these modern Rama.ns ! 



A premum was awarded to a lady far a pair of em- 

 broydered Ottomans, for which 80 dollars w^re offered. 

 This illustrates the hardness of the times. The lady, 

 we would remind the young men, is single from her 

 name; and a pair of ottomans seems to imply a spare 

 seat for somebody. 



A premium was awarded for a very superior bed- 

 quilt to a lady, the malcer of it, with but one arm. So 

 fertile is human ingenuity in meeting emergencies and 

 rising above difficulties. 



Last of all, a premium for a Climax Cooking Stove. 

 This must be a curiosity. We can imagine nothing 

 farther than has been already accomplished; but this 

 we presume not only cooks the dinner but serves it up 

 at the same operation. 



The occasion seems to have been most auspicious. 



To Correspondeuts. 



We have a valuable and valued communication from 

 Flora for our next number. J. T. Y. will find his 

 wishes, in which we cordially join him, in this matter 

 anticipated. We hope to hear from him again and 

 often. Our friend Horsefield's communication on 

 Mediterranran Wheat will appear in our next. Wc 

 do not much differ in opinion. 



We thank our friend J. K, of Portsmouth, for his 

 letter on thr different breeds of Poultry. 



" The cock rtnth crow 



To let yo" know 



Wliat time to riae-" 

 Right glad are we that his crowing has waked our 

 friead up, from whom w£ should be glad to hear often. 

 Communications from W. G. and W. B., on the 

 Protectice Pjlicy, designed for this cumber, together 

 with many other articles are necessarily excluded for 

 the present, as well as several accounts cf cattle shows 

 in this State, and New England. We are pained to 

 say to our respected Correspondent, J. S. D., that it 

 was intended to have inserted two more of his letters 

 in the present number; but our compositor being sud- 

 denly called away a distance of 500 miles by the death 

 of his father put them where they could not be found 

 by the most diligent search. 



Scvoral communications from J. D., E. H. S., and 

 othe», are on hand for future use. 



!''iuit Trees. 



Ii ie a common practice with iho farmcre of this 

 section to set out fruit trees on old land, and seed ji 

 iviih timothy or clover seed. In a few years the 

 ireee bee 'me stunted and have rough mossy bark and 

 vellow leave*, showing every sign of starvation. In 

 ihis way thousands of young fruit trees become 

 worthless to their owners and useless to the soil. 

 This is iJrobnbly owing to ibe hardness of the soil, 

 not being plowed ol"ien, and to tlic encroachment of 

 ihe roots of the grass on llie roots of the trees, so itat 

 in a few years the roots of the gross become malted 

 around the trees. Formers who have such orchards 

 should immediately plow them up ; and if practicable 

 set out new trees. If not, clear the grass awoy from 

 the trees and put well rotted chip manure around them 

 or leaves gathered from the forest will answer the 

 same purpose. 



Fruit trees, especially those which are young, 

 should be hoed or plowed oround at leost once a 

 month during the spring and summer. I know of no 

 reason why the eub-soil plow would not do well for 

 land thot is intended for orchards. It would certainly 

 save labor in setting out trees in a hard or clayey 

 soil. H. 



Our correspondent H. , wishes some information in 

 regard to the use of ashes. He will find a highly in- 

 teresting communication on that subject, in the paper 

 of this month, translated from the German for the 

 New Genesee Former. AVe know not where to com- 

 mend him to any thing more instructive. We publish 

 Ilia suggestions in regard to fruit trees that we may 

 bring the subject to the ottention of the farmers, not 

 that they present sny thicg nev/ in relation to the sub- 

 ject. Fruit trees need as much and as careful culti- 

 vation as any plants which grow out of tiie ground. 

 There can be no question that the use of the sub soil 

 plow, together with every other method by which the 

 soil can be broken, or kept loose, would be benefi- 

 cial — Ed. 



We publish below from the Seneca Falls Democrat 

 an account of a Stove invented by E. Foote, Jr., of 

 that place. We subjoin likewise a letter from a gen- 

 tleman at whose house we saw the Stove in operation. 

 We believe from what we saw, that it is a highly val- 

 uable improvement, both as it respects economy and 

 comfort It is now a days with stoves, both cocking 

 and parlor stoves, as it is with ladies' bonnets. The 

 man, t\ho purchases one of the latter must hurry 

 home, or the fashion may change, before it can be 

 mou.Tted. Such rapid changes are constantly taking 

 place in all kinds of heating apparatus, that it is very 

 difficult to keep pace with ihem, and o man feels 

 hardly safe in buying one with certificates to its eflii- 

 cacy 08 numerous and long as the joints in the funnel. 

 A friend of ours declared he would not buy a cooking 

 stove until " they had done making improvements," 

 but as the hymn says, " he died without the eight." 

 We believe Mr. Foote's Stove an e-xcellent machine 

 and answering its purpose well. We cannot say thot 

 better will not be invented. We know that many 

 worse hove been. What Mr. Davison means by burn- 

 ing a cord of wood a week in a Franklin Stove wc do 

 not well understand, unless he was engaged in clear 

 ing land, or trying to heat the large room outside of 

 his house, and help Professor Espy in some of his 

 philosophical experiments — otherwise he ought to be 

 Indicted for exiravgance ; and we are quite certain 

 he bos never had the luxury we have had of paying 

 eight dollars a cord for wood besides the sawing. — Ed. 

 SELF-REGULATING STOVE— INVENTED 



BY K. FOOTE, JR., OF SENCA-FILLS. 



A remarkab'e property poaseseed by this Stove, is 

 that of governing its own heat, so bb to maintain, 

 without variation, the precise degree which may be 



required. Wiihin and near ihu upper pun nl the 

 Siovc, ie placed a binss rod — sirniglit and inflexible. 

 Should the heat rise too high, the expansion of the 

 rod, octingon o lever by which iis motion is much in- 

 creased, is made to close a damper that governs tlio 

 ridmission ol air : — Or should the heat iall loo low, 

 the contraction oi tho ri>d opens the doinper ond lets 

 in a full droll. A euOicieni qunntiiy ol fuel being 

 (ilaced in the stove, iie burning is held in constant 

 check bjr the closinu of ihe dom|ier — consuming no 

 loslerlban n want o( sufficient beat to keep it clesed 

 [jcimtle. Thus is kept nn uniform heat. 



The manner in which the degree of heatot which 

 the stove slioll maintain il^clf, is changed, is cipially 

 simple, though nol so easily described : Ry merely 

 moving a pointer, ditrcrcnt dei^rces of expansion, ond 

 of ciiuiee different degieee of iient, ore required lo 

 close or to open the diuii|ier. A dinl plotc, like the 

 lace of a cluck, lorms a part of ihe front of ihc etove. 

 On this ore marked the difTcrent degiees of hcot re- 

 quired — and the index being turned to a degree, the 

 stove will immediately adapt itself to that point, and 

 there remain without variaiion. 



Hod the invention stopped here, there would have 

 been left a defect which probahly would have destroy- 

 ed its usefulness. Should Ibe bcai rise so high as to 

 close the dompcr, ond iben from any cnuse continue 

 to rise above thot point, some port of the Btriiclure 

 must neC' ssnrily give w-oy, or else be so loosely and 

 imperfectly mode as lo ollow such a voriaiion ; — or 

 bbould the heat continue to fall nfier opening the dam- 

 per, the same difficuliy would be presented. Were. 

 grei that we cannot, wiihont drowings, convey to the 

 reader the manner in which these difficiiliica ore re- 

 moved. The moment ib-fi hcot should rise above the 

 point of closing ihe domper, the rod disconnects ond 

 detaches itself from it, ond so remains until the beot 

 returns ogoin to ibe same poini — v\ hen imn>ediately 

 It re-connec-ts itPelf, and resumi s its oppropriaie du- 

 ties : Or should the heot fall alter opening ihe dam- 

 per, the rod oecomes disconnected until a return to 

 ihe same poinl. Tbis part, more than any other, 

 will strike the aitention of the mochiue. Il is poid to 

 be before unknown in mechanics, ond is as remarka- 

 ble for ito siinpUcity as its ingenuity. 



The stove bos varioue other voUioble qualities. It 

 is e'timoted thot from three-fuurlha to five-eixibs of 

 the heat from the fuel consumed in an ordinary etove, 

 is carried off by the current possinj; through it to the 

 chimney. lu ibis slove, no more air being admitted 

 than is necessary to sustain the combustion, very 

 litlle current is made, ond nearly all ihe heat is ex 

 pendcd in the room. And besides, the smoke ond 

 cinders, being long reloined in contact with the fire, 

 ore mostly consumed. The fuel in this stove being 

 permitted to burn no foster tbon is wonted — enough 

 may be put in at once to last li2 or 24 hours. Wood 

 ie converted into a bed of charcoal, which gradually 

 consumes, but no faster than is required. A person 

 may go from home, and leovc his stove 'hrough the 

 day, or through the night, ond when he returns find 

 it at preeisely the same temperature at which he 

 left it. 



Seneca Falls, June 24, 1842. 

 DEiR Sir : — I send you herewith one of our vil- 

 lage newspapers, containing as full en ac^iount of tb* 

 mode of operation of Mr. Fooie's Self-Regulating 

 Sieve as I could give you. 



When in Seneca Fallf, you saw the room in which 

 I used the slove ; it fa 18 by 20 feet square. My 

 house is not a warm one ; it is built of wond, and 

 admits considerable air. Previous to getting this 

 Self Regulaior, I used a common Franklin. In thia 

 the consumption of wood os near as I can rctimate, 

 was one cord per week during the four colder months. 

 1 have made a number of experiments wiih the Self- 

 Regulator iu the same place, and have uniformly 

 f'und that one solid foot of good wood was an abun- 

 donee to keep a thermometer in my room at 70 de- 

 grees, 24 hours that amount per day, (incredible aa 

 it may seem,) 1 think would be a full allowance for 

 ilie whole winter. The pleasantness of an uniform 

 temperature and the great saving in attendance upon 

 fires, are also imponant requisites. In the latter item 

 alone I have saved enough lo repay me the price of 

 the stove three or four times in the post winter. 

 Respectfully yours, 



W. T. DAVISON. 



