LITTORINA. 249 



L. decollata, Krauss (fig. 67) is a synonym ; and perhaps L. leu- 

 costicta, Phil. (fig. 69), described without locality, is another. 



Var. KNYSNAENSIS, Krauss. Figs. 65, 68. 



Shell very minutely, elosely dotted with rust color. 



L. picea, Reeve (fig. 68) is a synonym. 

 L. NOV^E-ZELANDI,E, Reeve. PL 44, figs. 76, 77. 



Globosely turbinated, whorls rounded, with deep suture, irreg- 

 ularly spirally grooved, white or yellowish white, longitudinally 

 marked with faint chestnut ; interior of aperture chestnut color, 

 with a white band near the base, columella violet tinted. 



Length 19 mill. 



New Zealand, Solomon Is. 



L. melanacme, Smith (fig. 77), from the Solomon Is., is probably 

 identical. Nevill changed the name to L. erronea, because he was 

 convinced that the species does not come from New Zealand. 



L. PERUVIANA, Lam. PL 44, fig. 78. 



Whorls smooth, dark chocolate color, with zigzag longitudinal 

 white markings, aperture chocolate color. Length 22 mill. 



Central America to Chili. 



Nevill has indicated, without description, a var. nana. 



L. ASPERA, Phil. PL 44, figs. 80-85 ; PL 45, fig. 87. 



Coarsely, sharply, spirally ribbed, whitish, longitudinally lineate 

 with chestnut, columella and aperture chocolate or chestnut color. 



Length 16 mill. 



Panama to Mazatlan. 



L. puncticulata, Phil. (fig. 83), and var. fortmilcata, Nevill are 

 synonyms. L. irrorata, Reeve (fig. 87), said to come from Sitka, 

 <?an probably be added. 



Var. CONSPERSA, Phil. Figs. 82, 80-83. 



Thinner, the spiral sculpture closer and flatter, whitish, some- 

 times with spiral series of chestnut dots, interior light chestnut. 



Typical specimens of this variety and of L. aspera appear very 

 different in texture, sculpture and coloring, but in large series inter- 

 mediates are not uncommon. 



L. albida, Phil. (fig. 81) and L. modesta, Menke (fig. 80), are 

 synonyms. 



Var. PHILIPPII, Carpenter. Fig. 84. 



Obliquely strigate with greyish chocolate. 



