TURBO. 



T. lugubri* Reeve, T. /^////,/vV/,/ Troschel, T. ormifenu, Kim,., 

 and T. diical.i* Phil, arc synonyms. 



IVually smaller than tlic dimensions above given. The I'; 

 illustrate the wide variation to which this species is <ubject. The 

 passage fVom the strongly tuberculate forms into tlnsr- in which tin- 

 transverse stria' simply cut the lira' into diamonds "r LiTanul- 

 made by imperceptible degrees. 



Var. GRANULATUS Gmel., 1788. PL 40, tig. is. 



Shell typically more elongated than T. coroiKitii*, altitude about 

 equalling the diameter ; umbilicate, finely granulose all over, with 

 subsutural and coronal series of tubercles, and sometimes one or two 

 additional series upon the median part of body-whorl. 



Indian 0. ; Chinese flea*, etc.. 



T. gr<uiti/oii8 (Kiener) Sby., T. modestus IMiiL, are synonyms. 

 Var. roKKKNSis Recluz. PL 47, fig. 19. 



Similar in sculpture to var. granulatus, but imperforate. 



Alt. 1J), diam. 2i> mill. 



/ ; Jttfiini. 



T. SMARAGDUS Martyn, 1784. PL 02, fig. 13. 



Shell depressed, heliciform, imperforate, solid, covered with a 

 strong bhickish cuticle, beneath which it is green ; usually eroded 

 at apex; whorls 4-"), upper ones spirally silicate or carinate, tin- 

 last lurire, flTTttenecl al)ove, with incremental wrinkles and suholo- 

 lete spiral sulci ; aperture large, oblique, rounded, pearly white with- 

 in ; outer lip thin, black-edged, columella arched, with a pearly cal- 

 lus ; umbilico-parietal area excavated, concave, white. 



Alt. 40-50, diam. 50-60 mill. 



Xnr /r.i/n/i'l : Fiji I* 



Operculum (pi. 59, fig. 3,) flat inside with four whorls, the nucle- 

 us more than one-third "the distance across the face: outside deep 

 green except on the side of increment which is white; very minute- 

 ly remotely granose; according to Hutton, smooth. 



It is T. helidnus Born, 1780. This name has precedent 

 Martyivs; but I doubt the expediency of changing the well-known 

 name at this late day. I am not sure that the species helot,.. 

 Mmitorottnma, but it certainly should not be placed in Turin 

 is usually done. 

 Var. TKimsTATUS Hutton, 1884. Unfigured. 



Body-whorl with three spiral ribs. 



Wellington to Dunedin, A. Zealand. 



