CALLIOSTOMA. 



Genus CALLIOSTOMA Swainson, 1840. 



Calliostoma SWAINSON, Shells and Shellfish, p. 351, Type, Tr. 

 conulus L. Ziziphinus GRAY, Syn. Brit. Mus. 1840 (no description), 

 type, T. zizyphinus. Ziziphinus or Zizyphinus Leach, of authors. 

 Conulus NARDO, 1840, type T. zizyphinus (not Conulus Fitz., 1833). 

 Lischlceia FISCHER, Sp. et Icon. Coq. Viv., Trochus, p. 419, 1880, 

 type, T. monili/era Lam. Eucasta DALL, * Blake ' Gasterop., 369, 

 1889, type C. Indiana Dall. Jujubinw MONTEROSATO, Norn. Gen. 

 e Spec., p. 46, 1884, type Tr. matonii P&yr.,exasperatus L. 

 Jacinthinus MONTS., type T. conu$vk&ull. Soc. Mai. Ital. xiv, p. 79, 

 1889. Manotrochus FISCHER, Manuel, p. 827, 1885, type C. uni- 

 dentatum Phil. 



Calliostoma is one of the largest genera of Trochidse. The species 

 inhabit all seas, ranging from to 500 fms. depth. The shell is 

 generally conical, with angular periphery ; columella simple above, 

 not folded, and either simply concave below or slightly truncate 

 and toothed ( Calliostoma s. s. and Eutrochus\ or cylindrical, strongly 

 plicate (Turcica). The axis is solid except in Eutrochus. The 

 opercnlum is thin, circular, corneous, many-whorled. The radula 

 has the rhachidian and 4 to 5 lateral teeth with irregularly oval 

 body, and rather long, pointed cusps, their outer edges serrate ; un- 

 cini numerous, narrow, with narrow serrate cusps. Uncini numerous, 

 narrow, with narrow serrate cusps v ^The inner uncinal tooth is large 

 and of a peculiar form in the typical species. C. millegranus as 

 figured by Sars, has a radula much like Gibbula, quite different 

 from the ordinary Calliostoma. Friele, Sars, Hutton and Troschel 

 have figured radulse of this genus. 



The name Ziziphinus Leach has been used for this genus by most 

 European authors. It was not defined by Gray (who rescued the 

 name from Leach's ms.), and besides is objectionable on account of 

 being a duplication of the name of the typical species. As Dall 

 remarks, there seems to be no reason except the natural perversity 

 of human nature, why Ziziphinus should be preferred to Calliostoma, 

 The notes on sculpture development under Euchelus should be con- 

 sulted, as they apply largely to the present genus also. 



C. SPECTABILIS A. Adams. PI. 16, fig. 12. 



Shell large, conical, solid, imperforate, flesh-colored or yellowish, 

 dotted with pink on the spiral ribs ; surface spirally ribbed, the ribs 

 coarsely granose, numbering about 7 on the penultimate whorl, some 



