BIRDS or INDIANA. 555 



b 2 . Bill not hooked at tip, no bristles at base ; developed primaries nine ; hind 

 toe with. long, nearly straight claw. ALATJDID^E LARKS. XXXVII 



a 2 . Tarsus with its hinder edge compressed. 



r 1 . Primaries apparently only nine; hill not hooked at tip. 



d 1 . Bill very short, flat, hroad at base, deeply cleft; wings very long. 



HIRUNDINID^E. SWALLOWS. XLII 

 d 2 . Bill not very flat and deeply cleft ; outer primary never twice as long as 



the innermost. 



e l . Bill more or less conical, hroad at base. 



f l . Bill rather long, often longer than head, without notch at tip or 

 bristles at base. 



ICTERIDyE. ORIOLES, BLACKBIRDS, ETC. XXXIX 



/ 2 . Bill shorter than head, often notched at tip, usually with bristles at 

 base. FRINGILLJD.E FINCHES, SPARROWS, ETC. XL 



/ 3 . Bill stout, upper mandible curved with slight tooth near the middle 

 of the cutting edge; color chiefly red and yellow. 



TANAGRID*;. TANAGERS. XLI 

 e 2 . Bill not conoid. 



g l . Hind claw long and nearly straight, generally longer than its toe; 

 tertials much elongated, reaching nearly to tips of primaries. 



MOTACILLIDJE. WAGTAILS AND PlPITS. XLVII 



f/ 2 . Hind claw short and curved, generally shorter than its claw; 

 tertials short, not nearly reaching to the tip of primaries. 



.MNIOTILTID^E. WOOD WARBLERS. XLVt 



-c*. Primaries evidently ten, the first developed but short, rarely half the 

 length of the next; or else bill hooked at tip. 



h l . Front of tarsus covered with transverse four-sided scales. 

 i 1 . Bill strongly hooked and notched at tip. 



LANIID^. SHRIKES. XLIV. 

 i 2 . Bill not strongly hooked or not hooked at all. 

 j l . Head with conspicuous crest; tail, in our species, tipped 

 with yellow; bill slightly hooked and notched at tip. 



AMPELID^E. WAXWINGS. XLIII 



;' 2 . Head usually not crested ; tail not tipped with yellow. 

 k l . Back generally olive green; bill slightly hooked and 

 notched at tip ; length five to seven inches. 



VlREONID^E. VlREOS. XLV 



k z . Back not generally olive green. 



1 1 . Tail feathers stiff, pointed; bill slender, curved down- 

 ward. CERTHIIP^E. CREEPERS. XLIX 



1 2 . Tail feathers more or less soft, not pointed. 



TO 1 . Nasal feathers directed forward on bill, usually cov- 

 ering the nostrils. 

 n 1 . Birds of large size, length over ten inches. 



CORVEE. CROWS, JAYS, ETC. XXXVIII 

 n 2 . .Birds of small size ; length under ten inches (ex- 

 cept genus Harporhynchus). 



1 . Bill notched toward the tip, very slender. 

 SYLVIIDJE. KINGLETS AND GNATCATCHERS. LI 



2 . Bill not notched. 



.PARID.E. NUTHATCHES AND TITMICE. L 



