BIRDS OF INDIANA. 599 



and neck, and in irregular transverse spots, and bars on other portions, 

 the dusky predominating above, the white below. 



Length, 19.25-21.75; wing, 10.25-11.00; culmen, 1.60-1.75; tarsus, 

 1.75-1.80. Female smaller. 



RANGE. Nearly cosmopolitan. In North America, breeds chiefly 

 within the United States. Winters from southern Illinois and Virginia 

 south to Gulf of Mexico. 



Nest, on ground. Eggs. 8-12, pale buff; 2.09 by 1.57. 



Rare migrant. There are but few records of its occurrence in In- 

 diana. Dr. Rufus Raymond and Mr. E. R. Quick note it from Frank- 

 lin County, and May 4, 1890, Mr. Ruthven Deane informed me that 

 several pairs were seen at English Lake. Mr. J. G. Parker, Jr., in- 

 forms me that several years ago he collected one in a "pond hole" on 

 the east side of Calumet Lake, Cook County, Illinois, in September. 



Dr. F. Stein identified it in the Lower Wabash Valley. It sometimes 

 remains in Illinois in mild winters (Cook, Bird Migration in Missis- 

 sippi Valley). The Gadwall breeds throughout its range. 



Subgenus MARECA Stephens. 



31. (136) Anas penelope LINN. 



Widgeon. 

 Synonym, EUROPEAN WIDGEON. 



Adult Male. Forehead white; posterior half of middle wing covert 

 region white, forming a large patch of this color; abdomen immaculate 

 white; speculum velvety black, with or without green; head and neck 

 plain rufous; ground color of dorsal region, sides and flanks whitish. 

 Adult Female. Head and neck pale rusty, speckled and barred with 

 dusky, especially on crown; upper parts dusky brown, the feathers 

 edged and more or less barred with pale brown and whitish; white 

 patch on wing coverts, merely indicated by white tips to feathers; spec- 

 ulum grayish brown and dull rufous, or fulvous; rest of lower parts 

 white, the lower tail coverts barred with brown. 



Length, 18.00-20.00; wing, 10.00-11.00; culmen, 1.35-1.45; tarsus, 

 1.45-1.65. 



RANGE. Northern part of the old world, frequent in Alaska. In 

 North America, breeds in the Aleutian Islands, and occurs frequently 

 in the eastern United States, west to Indiana, Illinois, and Wisconsin, 

 and occasionally in California. 



Eggs, 5-8; pale buff; 2.23 by 1.53. 



Accidental visitor. 



