952 EEPOKT OF STATE GEOLOGIST. 



arrives later in spring than the White-throat, yet the former sometimes 

 winters in southern Indiana, while the latter, so far as I know, has 

 not been noted. The White-throat thus passes it in migration. In 

 winter the present species frequents swampy woods and thickets. Some 

 remained in Knox County the winter of 1888-9 (Balmer), and the win- 

 ter of 1896-7 (Chansler). Mr. Eobert Eidgway reports them often 

 wintering abundantly at Mt. Carmel, 111., and Mr. Charles Dury found 

 them at Cincinnati, Christmas week, about 1877 (Langdon). Some 



Head of White-crowned Sparrow. Natural size. 



winters all go farther south toward the Gulf coast, where they abound 

 throughout the colder months, ranging into Mexico and, perhaps, to 

 the Valley of Mexico (Sumichrast La Naturaleza, Tomo, V., p. 245). 

 They are occasionally seen in the southern part of the State in 

 March, possibly only when they remain in the neighborhood over 

 winter. The following indicate the earliest and latest date of first ar- 

 rival and the earliest and latest date at which last seen in the spring: 

 Brookville, first seen April 13, 1882, May 6, 1897; departed May 3, 

 1882, May 27, 1892; Bicknell, first, April 14, 1896, April 28, 1895; 

 departed, May 18, 1895; Lafayette, first, April 24, 1897, May 2, 1896; 

 departed, May 13, 1897;. Sedan, first, April 30, 1896, May 4, 1894; 

 departed, May 8, 1895, May 10, 1894; Chicago, 111., first, April 21, 

 1885, May 9, 1896; departed, May 17, 1897, May 20, 1896; Peters- 

 burg, Mich., first, May 5, 1889, May 9, 1888; departed, May 11, 1889, 

 May 20, 1888. In 1896 it remained at North Manchester until June 

 6 (Bell), and Ulrey and Wallace report it from Wabash County as late 

 as June 10. In the fall they reach the upper part of the State late 

 in September and early in October. Some years they pass through 

 rapidly, others they straggle slowly along, remaining in the vicinity 

 of the Ohio Eiver into November and even all winter. The following 

 dates as to fall migration are given: Sandusky, 0., arrived October 

 11, 1896; departed October 19, 1896; Bicknell, Ind., arrived Septem- 

 ber 29, 1894, and 1895; departed November 5, 1895; Lafayette, last 



