1036 REPORT OF STATE GEOLOGIST. 



fused. The Nashville is distinctly yellow on the breast and under tail- 

 coverts; the Orange-crowned is pale greenish-yellow, with dusky 

 streaks, and yellow under tail-coverts; the Tennessee is pale greenish- 

 yellow, without streaks, and with the under tail coverts white. (Chap- 

 man, B. E. N. A.). 



Length, 4.50-5.00; wing, 2.40-2.75; tail, 1.60-1.85. 



RANGE. America, from Colombia north over United States, east 

 of Rocky Mountains to Hudson Bay, Mackenzie Valley (Ft. Simpson). 

 Breeds from Minnesota, northern New York and Massachusetts, 

 north. Winters from Cuba and Central America, south. 



Nest, on ground, of grass, moss and bark strips, lined with fine 

 grass and hair. Eggs, 4; white, marked with reddish-brown about the 

 larger end; .60 by .50. 



The Tennessee Warbler is a migrant, regular and usually abundant 

 in fall; much less numerous and frequently rare in the spring. In 

 fall, they may be found almost everywhere, but are most common 

 about bushy ravines, brier patches, overgrown fencerows, and weed- 

 patches. In spring it is found in woodlands. At Bloomington, both 

 Profs. Blatchley and Evermann thought it less numerous than the 

 Nashville Warbler. The last named gentleman made a similar report 

 on its occurrence in Carroll County. These estimates, I presume, 

 refer to its occurrence in the spring. In Franklin County I have 

 found it fully as numerous as the Nashville, in spring, though, like 

 that species, some years it is rare and others apparently wanting. 



This species is late in arriving and seldom appears before the 1st of 

 May. The following records give the earliest and latest record of its 

 first appearance in spring, and indicates its comparative abundance: 

 Brookville, April 20, 1884, not common, May 17, 1882, rare; Bloom- 

 ington, April 27, 1886, rare, May 3 to 10, 1890, common; Chicago, 

 111., May 4, 1895, rather common, May 21, 1896, common; Petersburg, 

 Mich., May 15, 1888, rare. In Illinois, Mr. Ridgway gives it as an 

 abundant migrant, both spring and fall. Like the last mentioned 

 species, it breeds far north. The present species is a bird of eastern 

 North America, extending west only to the Rocky Mountains. Mr. 

 Ridgway says: "It seems to be far more numerous west of the Alle- 

 ghanies than eastward of that range, in which respect it is like the 

 Philadelphia Vireo and several other migratory birds, which can 

 scarcely be considered as more than stragglers in the Atlantic States" 

 (B. of 111., I., p. 130). Mr. Thompson says: "Its song begins with a 

 note like chipiti, chipiti, repeated a dozen or more times with increas- 

 ing rapidity, then suddenly changed into a mere twitter" (Proc. IT. 

 S. N. M., Vol. XIII., p. 616). In the fall the Tennessee Warblers 



