GANGLION CELLS. 117 



cells are more probably concerned in the radiation of the nerve 

 currents. 



" From the cells of the sympathetic ganglia of man and verte- 

 brata several fibres proceed, and pass in different directions 

 soon after they leave the cell. Bundles consisting of fibres 

 from many different cells leave the ganglion from different 

 parts of its surface, and pass by circuitous routes towards their 

 destination, each bundle being composed of fibres from many 

 different cells situated in different parts of the ganglion. 

 Ganglia are extremely numerous in the sub-mucous tissue of 

 the alimentary canal of J all mammalia, and in the human 

 subject multitudes may be demonstrated at short distances 

 from one another. Connected with the nerves in the pelvis 

 of the kidney I have also demonstrated numerous ganglia of 

 the same kind. From every one of these, bundles of nerve 

 fibres pass to be distributed to the cortex of the organ. The 

 fine nerve fibres of the kidney are distributed to vessels, and 

 also to the uriniferous tubes " (" Biopl.," 193). " The early de- 

 velopment of the spherical and oval cells, and their large size 

 at a time when the caudate nerve cells are not to be dis- 

 tinguished, their constant presence, their growth, and multipli- 

 cation in the adult, and probably at an advanced age, and their 

 peculiar structure at least in some animals their situation, 

 as regards the nerves to which they belong ; and especially the 

 fact that these are the only cells constituting the nerve centres 

 upon which the rhythmic contraction of detached portions of the 

 cardiac muscular tissue depends, have led me to look upon them 

 as the sources of nerve power " (" Biopl.," 196). 



TJie Angular, or Caudate Cells. These are characteristic of 

 the great central nerve organs of vertebrata, the brain, and 

 spinal cord, and attain their maximum of development in man. 

 The peculiarity of these cells is, that lines are seen traversing 

 them, from each of the many fibres connected with them, and 

 passing to every other fibre. Fibres from different caudate cells 

 unite to form single nerve fibres. "In passing towards the 

 periphery these compound fibres divide and sub-divide, the 

 resulting sub-divisions proceeding to different destinations. 

 The fine fibres resulting from the sub-division of one of the 



