LARD AND LARD ADULTERATIONS. 477 



terated, and iu the comparison of two widely different sets of samples 

 such as were obtained from Armour & Co. and Fairbauk & Co. he 

 may safely say that one is adulterated to a greater degree than the other. 

 Further than this the present state of our knowledge will not permit 

 us to go. 



RESULTS OF ANALYSES. 



The samples of lards and lard compounds, whose analyses follow, were 

 furnished by different persons, each sample usually accompanied by an 

 affidavit showing where it was bought, name of sample, etc., or were 

 purchased in open market by agents of the chemical division or ren- 

 dered in the laboratory. 



The classification was made as follows : 



(1) Lards known or believed to be pure hig grease. 



(2) Prime steam lards from Chicago Board of Trade. 



(3) Lards of miscellaneous origin, both pure and adulterated. 



(4) Cotton oils from different localities. 



(5) Crude cotton oils and foots. 



(6) Oleo, lard, and cotton-oil stearines. 



(7) Mixed lards from Armour & Co., Chicago, 111. 



(8) Mixed lards from N. K. Fairbank & Co., Chicago, 111. 



(9) Miscellaneous oils. 



Each sample is indicated by a number, and with each table is a list of 

 these numbers, with a full description of the name of the sample, and 

 place or person from whom obtained. 



In the foregoing pages the analytical data obtained have been rather 

 fully discussed, and only such explanatory items will be added here as 

 may help to elucidate the tables. Theamoutit of analytical work which 

 has been done, as wilFbe seen, is very large. While absolute accuracy 

 has not been obtained, it is believed the data in general may be accepted 

 as reliable. 



Such an amount of work can only be accomplished by the united 

 labors of several participators, and this, of course, magnifies the per- 

 sonal error to a certain degree. 



SAMPLE OF AFFIDAVITS: 



Mauy of the samples were accompanied by affidavits, which it is not 

 necessary to reproduce in full. Their general tenor may be seen from 

 the four following : 



5646. 



STATE OF NEW YORK, 



City and County of New York, ss : 



Carl Dreier, being duly sworn, says: That he is a manager with N. K. Fairbank & 

 Co., of Chicago j that it is the custom of the said firm to keep a stock of their relined 



