LARD AND LARD ADULTERATIONS. 545 



Q. These are, as a matter of fact, new tests? A. They are new applications of old 

 knowledge. 



Q. I mean that you could not until quite recently distinguish cottonseed oil or 

 beef fat in the lard? A. I was quite certain about the cottonseed oil fifteen months 

 ago, but I did not see my way to get out the quantity sufficiently for judicial pur- 

 poses. Four or five years ago I knew about a certain quantity of beef fat. I don't 

 want to give my results now,*for two reasons. One is that I am getting the quantity 

 less every week, and the other is I don't want to let the makers of lard know how 

 little they can put in without detection. [Laughter.] 



Mr. Pickford, for the defense, said his worship would probably have divined from 

 the cross-examination that he was not going to deny the presence of cottonseed oil 

 in this refined lard, but he was going to say that " refined lard" was a perfectly well- 

 known trade term, and everybody was aware that it was a compound of fats and 

 not real hog fat. If that was proved, and the effect of the notice on the barrel that 

 it was refined lard meant what he said, theTi he should bring the case within the case 

 which was decided without mustard, in which a man asked for mustard, and on 

 the packet was a notice that the contents were not pure mustard, but compound 

 mustard. He did not think he was wrong in trying to stop what seemed to him 

 to be irrelevant statements of which a number had been made about the com- 

 parative prices of the ingredients. 



Mr. MARKS. I can prove my statement if my friend wants. , 



Mr. PICKFORD. A great number of these statements are absolutely inaccurate. 



Mr. MARKS. I think it is only fair to myself to say what I base my statements 

 upon. 



Mr. RAFFLES. I have nothing te do with it. 



Mr. MARKS. I was basing my statement upon the general broker's trade circular of 

 the 15th of last month. 



Mr. RAFFLES. Don't let us talk about it. 



Mr. PICKFORD. No, sir ; I don't want to. But if I allow it to pass without con- 

 tradiction it would no doubt be stated in the papers that it was admitted as a fact, 

 and I don't admit it. I do admit that this refined lard is sold at about the same price 

 as pure lard, and I admit that as being important for showing that the people who 

 use a very large quantity of this stuff in this country willingly pay the same price, 

 and have no complaint to make of the stuff. 



Mr. Pickford was proceeding to make remarks upon the summons when 



Mr. RAFFLKS said : The only question I have to deal with is the adulteration. 



Mr. PICKFORD. But is it adulterated ? 



Mr. RAFFLES. On Dr. Campbell Brown's evidence it is adulteration. 



Mr. PICKFORD. I say it is nob adulteration. It is sold as refined lard, and I can 

 call evidence 



Mr. RAFFLES. I can't go into that. 



Mr. PICKFORD. If you say you can't hear evidence on that I can't say any more. 



Mr. RAFFLES. I can't. 



Mr. PICKFORD. But supposing that the meaning of the trade term "refined lard" 

 is not pure hog's lard, then it is a compound and not adulterated. 



Mr. RAFFLES. I can't go into any special meaning which is attached by the trade 

 to refined lard. 



Mr. PICKFORD. If the words "refined lard" do mean a compound of fats, it 

 means that everybody who buys the stuff, that the purchaser is not getting an arti- 

 cle of a different nature, quality, and substance to that demanded 



Mr. RAFFLES. Well, of course, this case will go elsewhere, whatever my decision is. 



Mr. PICKFORD. Then I understand that you reject any evidence on my point? 



Mr. RAFFLES. Yes. 



Mr. Pickford said he ought perhaps to state that he intended to show that refined 

 lard was a well-known term, meaning a compound of fats and oil, and was not con. 



17319 pt, 4 10 



