Leukaemia of the Fowl. 31 



variations in size, shape and staining, associated with swelling of the 

 nucleus. Normoblasts, megaloblasts, with mitoses in all stages make 

 their appearance, (c) There is an increase in the number of the blood 

 platelets, associated with an increase both in the size of the cell and the 

 nucleus. The cells frequently contain more than one nucleus, (d) The 

 blood loses its power of clotting. 



3. Organic Findings. (a) There is a diffuse, focal, less frequently 

 a nodular infiltration of marrow cells, in which the large mononuclear 

 and mononuclear myelocyte with eosinophilic granules predominate. 

 The foci may be limited to the large mononuclear or granular eosino- 

 philic myelocytes, commonly the mononuclear, or may be composed of 

 both types. Extensive mitoses testify to active proliferation. This 

 myelosis affects most particularly the liver, spleen, kidneys and bone- 

 marrow, causing a great increase in the size of the first three organs. 

 Rarely, the cervical lymph-glands are also very much enlarged. Most 

 of the remaining organs and neighboring tissues may contain infiltra- 

 tions but not so extensive, (b) The relative proportion of white to red 

 blood cells is greatly increased in the blood-vessels. The same cells pre- 

 dominate as in the infiltrations, (c) There are atrophic and degenera- 

 tive changes of the parenchyma, general atrophy of the adipose tissue, 

 ascites etc. 



CONCLUSION. 



The injection of an organic emulsion causes a picture of myeloid 

 leukaemia in every respect similar to that of spontaneous leukaemia as it 

 occurs in the fowl. 



The chemical picture and changes produced in the blood and organs 

 are analogous to those which occur in human leukaemia. 



V. CONCLUSION. 



1. The spontaneous occurrence of myeloid leukaemia of the fowl is 

 confirmed. 



2. Myeloid leukaemia in the fowl is transmissible by the intravenous 

 or intraperitoneal injection of an organic emulsion. The latter is in 

 confirmation of the work by Ellermann and Bang who, as I have stated, 

 were the first to successfully transmit the disease. They were followed 

 by Hirschfeld and Jacoby, whose successful transmissions, however, 

 seem to be limited to a strain, which had its origin in a fowl presented 

 to them by Ellermann and Bang. Burckhardt likewise transmitted the 



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