FEEDING FOR BUTTER FAT. 161 



for the entire period and dividing by the average weight of the animal for the 

 entire period." 



The figures are all from the report, excepting the addition of each column 

 which shows the total of the average consumption of the food items enumer- 

 ated per 1,000 Ibs. of live weight. 



From the same general average table we have taken the liberty to make 

 still further averages. In these we have made an average of the average of 

 each month and of each breed. 



It appears from these figures that the average of consumption of food per 

 1,000 Ibs. live weight was less in the Holstein-Friesian than either the Jersey, 

 Ayrshire, Guernsey or Holderness breed, and that the Holstein-Friesian made a 

 greater gain in weight than either. She consumed 738.54 less than the Jersey 

 per 1,000 Ibs. live weight and gained in weight 10.3 more. Of dry matter con- 

 sumed the figures are 510.4 as to 588.2 for the Jersey, and as to other breeds, 

 very much less. Of albuminoids, crude fiber, nitrogen -free extract and of fat 

 it will be seen the figures all indicate a great economy in the Holstein. 



In discussing the importance of the food consumed, as a factor in deter- 

 mining the value of a cow, reference is made to the Ohio test of 1893. Messrs. 

 W. B. Smith & Son, owners of these cows, give the following as the rations 

 actually fed : 



In the case of Vasaline, on January 2, 1893, she was put on feed and began 

 milking three times per day, 4 a. m., 12 noon, and 8 p. m. She was started on 

 34- Ibs. bran and shorts, equal weights, 1 Ib. oil meal, 8 oz. cottonseed meal, 3| 

 Ibs. chop feed (2 pts. oats, 1 pt. corn) together with two gallons cut mixed hay, 

 and gradually increased in feed until her limit was reached as follows : 4^ Ibs. 

 bran and shorts, 1 Ibs. oil meal, 12 oz. cottonseed meal, and 4 Ibs. chop with cut 

 hay or 10^ Ibs. of a grain ration, fed three times per day. When she was 

 tested she was getting : 



Bran and shorts 13} Ibs. at 14.00 .0945 



Oil meal 3% " " 24.00 0468 



Cottonseed meal 2% " " 28.00, 0315 



Chop feed 12 " " 30.00, 18 



31 ) $.3528 



This was the amount of grain feed given ; she was given all the mixed hay 

 she would eat, which cost $9 per ton ; we did not weigh the hay. She produced 

 2.25 Ibs. butter fat, or 2.70 Ibs. commercial butter, judging by World's Fail- 

 standard. At that time creamery butter was selling in Columbus at 35 cents 

 per pound, or she was making 93| cents worth of butter per day ; deducting 

 cost of feed (35.28) leaves 59.22 cents profit. This, of course, does not include 

 hay, which would not be more than 20 Ibs. or 9 cents ; nor is the by-product taken 

 into consideration. But figuring the hay at 9 cents, cost of producing butter 5 

 cents, it still leaves 45.22 cents net profit. In justice to this cow, she was fed 

 a larger ration than she could digest two days before the test was made, and 

 shrank some six pounds milk, while her butter fats decreased 1 per cent. 



Apropos of the noted Jersey breeder's statement (G. W. Farlee), that a pas- 

 ture that would keep one Holstein cow would support two Jerseys, it is inter- 

 esting to note what Jerseys and Holsteins do eat when being tested for butter. 



On page one of "Butter Tests of Registered Jersey Cows," is the largest 

 yield in the volume. It is as follows : 



"Cromwell Maid, 19024, yield of milk 19 qts. per day ; yield of butter 29 

 Ibs. 12 oz.; test made from July 21 to 27, 1887 ; age 5 years and 3 months ; esti- 

 mated weight of cow 900 Ibs.; grain fed during test. 6 qts. corn meal, 7 qts. 

 oat meal, 2 qts. pea meal, 1 qt. oil meal and 6 qts. middlings daily." 



Twenty-two quarts of grain in one day ! 



Computing this feed at the standard weights per bushel we find that Crom- 

 well Maid's feed was as follows : 



6 qts. corn meal, 10.50 Ibs. 



7 qts. oat meal 11.37 Ibs. 



2 qts. pea meal, 3.75 Ibs. 



1 qt. oil meal, . . 1.75 Ibs. 



6 qts. middlings 7.50 Ibs. 



34.87 Ibs. 



From this she yielded 19-J- qts. of milk per day from which was made 29 Ibs. 

 12 oz. of butter in seven days or 8 V oz. of feed to 1 oz. of butter. 



