80 JUDGES. [chap. iv. 



out being first submitted to the juiz de paz. This officer is 

 elected by the people, to serve for two years ; his services are 

 gratuitous, and one or more parishes form his district. 



2. The juiz eleito, like tbe juiz de paz, is elected by the 

 people ; like him he serves gratuitously, and has one or two 

 parishes joined under his jurisdiction. He decides, finally, 

 all causes not exceeding in value one dollar two hundred and 

 fifty reis, whether in personal property, money, or cases of 

 injury done by persons or cattle in wheat-fields, vineyards, 

 gardens, orchards, pastures, and plantations, where the injury 

 does not amount to a criminal act. Lastly, he decides cases 

 of fines imposed for transgressions against the regulations of 

 the municipal authorities: where the amount of fine exceeds 

 his jurisdiction, there is appeal to the juiz ordinario. 



3. The juiz ordinario is, in common with the juiz eleito 

 and the juiz de paz, elected by the people, and like them 

 serves for two years ; he has no salary but what he receives 

 in fees from suitors, which, however, is very little. There is 

 a juiz ordinario over each julgado of the island; he decides, 

 finally, all causes, within his district, which do not involve 

 an amount of more than four dollars real, or six dollars per- 

 sonal property ; and in criminal cases where the punishment 

 does not exceed three days' imprisonment or a fine of two 

 dollars. He judges, subject to an appeal to the juiz de 

 direito, causes, which do not involve an amount of more than 

 twenty dollars real, or thirty dollars personal property ; and 

 criminal cases, in which the penalty does not exceed a fine 

 of ten dollars, or one month's imprisonment: should the 

 penalty, however, in criminal cases exceed such an amount, 

 the appeal is transferred to the tribunal da policia correc- 

 cional. It is, moreover, the office of the juiz ordinario to 



