chap, vi.] BIRDS THAT BREED IN MADEIRA DESCRIBED. 117 



Negro"* contains five eggs, the fifth always turns out a " Tinto 

 Negro de Capello." The variety is much prized, for -where 

 you could buy a common "Tinto Negro "for sixpence or a 

 shilling, you would be asked eight or ten shillings for a 

 " Tinto Negro de Capello." The dimensions of the two birds 

 are precisely the same in all particulars. The chief difference 

 consists in the black cap being extended in tbe variety to the 

 shoulders, and I have sometimes seen the black colour ex- 

 tended over all the under parts. The under parts are gene- 

 rally much the same as those of the common female black-cap, 

 and the upper parts as those of the common male. 



The Wren is one of the prettiest feathered inhabitants of 

 Madeira. It is a true Regulus, but appears to differ from any 

 of the three European species best known, namely, Cristatus, 

 Ignicapillus, or Modestus. It has the beak black, the fore- 

 head white, which colour extends backwards, forming a small 

 band ; the base of the crest is black, the crest itself bright 

 orange, in that respect differing from the Ignicapillus, which 

 is a fiery red ; from the beak to the eye there is a small 

 black band, which does not go beyond the eye, and in that 

 respect also it differs from Ignicapillus ; the upper part of the 

 neck and all the back are olive green, with a bright mark of 

 orange yellow on each side of the neck; the great wiDg 

 coverts are nearly black, and tipped with buffy-white, forming 

 a band ; the primaries brownish black, with a narrow external 

 edging of green ; the secondaries the same, but with a broad 

 velvet black mark at the base ; the tail feathers brownish 

 black, tinged with greenish yellow on the outer web ; the 

 chin and throat white, slightly tinged with green ; the rest of 

 the under parts of the body white, tinged with yellowish- 



* From " Tontiqo," occiput, and " negro." black. 



