FACTORS OF FOREST PRODUCTION. 115 



permanent employees, or one to a little less than 

 7500 acres, are at present required. 



The gross income of this largest forestry estab- 

 lishment in the world, constantly growing, was in 

 1892 to 1897 only about ;^8, 000,000, while the ex- 

 penditures represented 55 per cent of the gross 

 revenue, of which over ^2,000,000 was paid for 

 the permanent service. 



With us, where for the present less intensive 

 management must form the rule, and where in 

 some respects properties are less endangered, the 

 size of a superintendent's and a guard's district 

 may be four times as large and more. 



While the conduct of the business requires a 

 small amount of labor, it is a peculiarity of the 

 business that the formulation of working plans to 

 be followed by the manager requires not only much 

 more careful consideration, and also involves a con- 

 siderable amount of skilled labor in securing the 

 data, while their circumspect use requires a good 

 deal more judgment than would be needed in a 

 business which can change its modus operandi 

 readily every year. 



It will have appeared from this discussion of the 

 relation of labor to the industry, that the size of 

 the area upon which forestry is to be practised not 

 only may, but mjist, be of considerable acreage if 

 it is to be carried on profitably as a business by 

 itself, if for no other reason than to occupy the 

 manager fully and to leave enough margin for the 



