226 ECONOMICS OF FORESTRY. 



The detail prescriptions for the first decade or so 

 are laid down in a periodic working plan, based upon 

 the general working plan, in which the areas to be 

 cut, and to be replanted, and the improvements to be 

 made, are specifically designated. For the felling 

 plan the areas that must first be cut are designated, 

 namely the old and decrepit stands which are 

 deteriorating, — a dead capital not growing in 

 value, — and all the open stands which do not 

 utilize the soil to full satisfaction ; next are chosen 

 such parcels as need to be cut to secure a desir- 

 able felling series in the future ; and if more is 

 needed to fill the required felling budget, areas 

 near the desired normal felling age are added. 



Where practicable, the areas are prescribed in 

 which thinnings are to be made for the improve- 

 ment of the crop, and an estimate made of the 

 probable amount secured by such thinnings, which 

 is added to the main felling budget. Whatever 

 planting operations may become desirable are 

 detailed in a special planting plan. 



For the administration of a large and complex 

 forest management, a thorough organization and 

 bookkeeping are of course essential. These offer 

 no especial peculiarities that need here be dis- 

 cussed, except to state that besides the financial 

 bookkeeping and the cost-keeping accounts, it is 

 necessary to keep account of the results of the 

 operations upon the forest conditions. For this 

 purpose a ledger account is opened for each com- 



