No. 129.] 301 



waste. Many European cities now save their sewerage matter, 

 which is properly thrown over peat, muck and like matter. I 

 notice a great waste in the rear of our city hall, for there all the 

 eiforts of such a multitude of patriotic individuals are allowed 

 to be utterly wasted. There are but a few farms on which water 

 cannot be raised by the water ram for irrigation and for diluting 

 manure. A tube of cement can be made cheaply, capable of 

 conveying the water from the springs up hill. The meadow 

 flats in my own vincinity are in depth from one foot to sixteen 

 feet of organic matter. Boats might be employed to receive the 

 matter at the mouths of the sewers. 



Dr. Antisell. It is easy to collect the materials of many 

 sewers. Allow them to settle, then pump off surplus water, and 

 convey the residue to farms. I proposed this plan to the autho- 

 rities of Dublin, and private parties use it to some extent. In 

 the city of Antwerp they estimate the value of each man at two 

 shillings and nine pence a year, and the expense of the city 

 government are about paid by it. The gas companies here and 

 in snme other cities throw away great value in ammonia. 

 We thus throw away and then have to buy it. 



Prof. Mapes. The companies can save the ammonia if they 

 please. Some persons think it is the production of the gas 

 which causes so great a cost ; but it is the serving the gas out to 

 the customers which is so expensive. 



In my mode of farming I find difficulty in procuring a man to 

 do as I want him to do. I make them plough in the manure the 

 same day it is put on the land. I would discharge a man who 

 would leave it exposed one day. When it is left on the ground 

 for any length of time all the good you get of it is a mulch only. 



Mr. Meigs. John Taylor of Carolina, a Senator of the United 

 States and a Governor of Virginia, published a small essay of 

 distinguished excellence, under the title of J2rator, (the plough- 

 man,) in which he taught the inestimable value of inclosing, as 

 he calls it, all the organic manures, immediately. Every cab- 

 bage stump, waste leaves, straw, wood, bush, stalk, every vege- 

 table and animal matter, ploughed in quick. He commenced on 

 a large field burned up bj tobacco — a sterile waste. In a few 



