470 . [Assembly 



I believe these are tiie principal substances made use of to 

 produce red. 



Djeing yellow. Among the celebrated coloring substances, 

 used for this purpose, may be named, first, quercitron bark? 

 ■which is the middle coat of the quercus nigra, a tree of North 

 America J this c^ellular coat is ground and dissolved in warm 

 water ; the extract is dried for transportation, and when used, 

 the decoction may be darkened by the addition of alkalies, or 

 made bright by the use of acids. 



Weld (Reseda iuieola) is cultivated in England, and is there 

 commonly called yellow weed, or the dyer's rocket. The leaves, 

 stalks and flowers are all used as a yellow dye. When in flower? 

 it is pulled up, dried, and tied in bundles. It forms a more 

 beautiful lemon-yellow than any other dye. It is a very ex- 

 hausting crop, almost as much so as indigo. 



Fustic is the wood of the Morus tinctoria, a large tree growing 

 in the West Indies, and yields a color more durable than querci- 

 tron or weld, but one-third as much yellow coloring matter as 

 quercitron. It contains resinous matter in combination with- 

 tannJD. 



Anatto is a dye obtained from the pulp of the kornc-l of tlie 

 Bixo orellana, found growing in South America and other <,'oun- 

 tries. A large quantity is exported from Cayenne in the form of 

 cakes, packed in banana leaves. It is used in England to color- 

 milk, cheese, &c. : an ounce will color 200 pounds of cheese. 

 In Spanish America it is put in cliocolate. 



All the yeiloi;^ coloring matters named require some mordant 

 to make them pernament. Alum is one of the best. Quercitron 

 bark and weld produce nearly the same coloi'. All the yellow 

 shadee of color may be dyed with quercitron. A raixtm-e of 

 yellow and blue makes all the shades between yeyowish-green 

 andi dark green approaching black. Red and yellow mixed to- 

 gether form all the shades from scarlet to tobacco color. 



' Stack. ' The substances usually made use of lor this dye are 

 tan aBd red oxide of iron. They have a very strong affinity for 



