No. 129.] 547 



produce blossoms, shoots, flowers and fruit, and die the next. 

 The leaves are quinate, primate ; the flowers come in panicles 

 from the extremity of the present year's shoots, they are white, 

 appear in May and June, and the fruit forms about a fortnight 

 afterwards. 



Cultivation and Propagation. — The raspberry is always propo- 

 gated by suckers or offsets which spring up from the main root, 

 a few kinds may be raised from the seed which produce fruit 

 at two or three years of age, and unlike most other fruits, the 

 seedlings of the raspberry are seldom inferior to the parent plant, 

 and by this means a great number of new kinds have been pro- 

 duced recently, the flavor and size of which are very superior to 

 the sorts previously known. Our books recommend for the 

 raspberry a deep loam, rather moist in its character. This is 

 rather a stereotype direction for all crops, and may be viewed 

 thus : the raspberry in common with all the brambles, is a rank 

 feeder, and is capable of appropriating large amounts of pabulum, 

 and therefore will flourish best where the greatest amount of 

 food exists. Nor is it scarcely possible to over dose it with ma- 

 nures. Blood, night soil, superphosphate of lime, and all the 

 most powerful manures may be applied in quantities to the rasp- 

 berry, which would destroy many other plants, and it is for this 

 reason that it has been supposed to flourish in deep loams, be- 

 cause such soils are usually the richest. Poor soils, either sandy 

 or clay, and very highly manured will sustain the raspberry 

 with profit. The raspberry is injured less by shade than most of 

 the small fruits. Indeed, during the hot suns of July and Au- 

 gust, it seems to be necessary that the mode of training or sus- 

 taining the canes should be such as to secure partial shade to 

 protect the fruit. The plants should be placed from three to 

 four feet apart, and two or three suckers in a group. The dis- 

 tance between these groups being regulated by the vigor of the 

 kind or sort. The rows range from east to west, and the north 

 rows should contain the tallest growing kinds, the south rows 

 those of less stature. Early in spring remove the old wood, and 

 also as many of the new shoots or suckers as are required for 

 making new plantations, leaving not more than six or eight in 

 the original groups. In removing these suckers be sure to take 



