552 [AsSEMBLir 



2. To encourage the introduction of new kinds of fruit trees, 

 tlie sum of five thousand roubles annually. 



3. The Minister appeals to the cultivators of trees to publish- 

 practical elementary instructions, suited to Russia, of all trees. 

 The Government will pay all the expenses of publication. 



All the schools for teaching horticulture are under the protect 

 tion of the Emperor and at his expense, except one — that is the 

 Society of the Friends of Flora. These institutions admit schol- 

 ars from every class of peasants. A few years ago the teaching 

 of practical gardening was exclusively conJBned to these schools, 

 but now it is extended to every village school. 



Gardening Schools of the Second Class. — The course of teaching 

 lasts six years. Poor scholars are maintained by the government. 

 When they leave school, government takes care to see them em- 

 ployed, and after ten years work, if able, they receive an annual 

 sum from government or, in other words, they become pensioners 

 of the State. These second class schools are Jekhaterinoslaw, 

 Pensa, Astracan and Kichenevv, formed in 1817, 1820, 1842 and 

 1843. Government pays them 13,351 silver roubles a year and 

 they hare four hundred and five scholars. 



7hird class. — Devoted to tree growing and nursery. One at 

 Konstantinograd, in Poltava, was founded by the Czar, Peter 

 the Great; one at Wolks, in the government of Saratow, founded 

 about the year 1800; one at Kerson in 1841; one at Woronesk 

 in 1844, at Simferopal in 1844 ; and lastly, one at Orel in 1845. 

 These five schools contain one hundred and eighty-four nursery 

 scholars. 



Vine Culture Schools, at Ackermann, in Bessarabia, at Maga- 

 ratsch, at Sudak, in Tauris, and one at Kislar in the Stawropo]. 

 Scholars are taught to manage the grape. In 1848 these schools 

 had growing 45,681 vines. At Kislar scholars, instead of paying 

 any thing, receive pay and rations. 



Beets in Russia. — In 1848 the crop, as by official report, amount- 

 ed to one hundred and fifty thousand millions of pounds weight. 



